| 单词 | vertebral |
| 例句 | Hinged to a black vertebral column, they form a striking, if provisional, alignment. 3 Outdoor Art Shows and One Trusty Dog (With Tricks!) 2018-09-06T04:00:00Z She tells me that "a bloody great chunk of ceiling" fell on her head and cut her vertebral artery. A powerful faith 2010-05-08T23:05:00Z For example, the T is a vertebral column: It was really the best letter to do that, and, as I made it, I saw that it became a cross, too. New dimensions of type 2012-06-11T00:00:00Z It is early days, but we have used gastruloids to study the process of somitogenesis, the process that generates the vertebral column and the muscles. Small Collections of Cells Determine How a Body Takes Its Shape 2023-11-09T05:00:00Z The scientists inserted the vertebral cells into the muscles of mice and observed that the cells produced progeny reminiscent of the range of cells found in the spine. Newfound Stem Cell Might Explain How Breast Cancer Spreads to the Spine 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z Lampreys possess a notochord as adults; however, this notochord is surrounded by a cartilaginous structure called an arcualia, which may resemble an evolutionarily early form of the vertebral column. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Vertebrates do not have a notochord at any point in their development; instead, they have a vertebral column. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Others died during surgeries to fit them with skull and vertebral implants. UW animal welfare board loses fight to keep names secret from activists 2023-04-04T04:00:00Z The injuries, which are consistent with those often found in animals that have been struck by ships, included multiple vertebral fractures that would have resulted in death shortly after the injury. Marine commission: Whale deaths not linked to wind prep work 2023-02-22T05:00:00Z This and other evidence led them to conclude that they had uncovered vertebral skeletal stem cells, or vSSCs. Newfound Stem Cell Might Explain How Breast Cancer Spreads to the Spine 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z In adult vertebrates, the vertebral column replaces the notochord, which is only seen in the embryonic stage. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z What can be inferred about the evolution of the cranium and the vertebral column from examining hagfishes and lampreys? Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Their feathers are constituted to mute the noise of air turbulence, while special vertebral accommodations permit the near-total head rotation that makes them appear so magnetically odd. Review | What can owls teach us? And what should we learn from them? 2023-02-06T05:00:00Z Fundamentally, football players are killed or maimed not by cranial or vertebral or neurological or orthopedic damage; nor do they die in conditioning drills because of asthma, exertional heatstroke or exertional sickling. Football's problem isn't the rules, the equipment or the medical care: This sport kills 2023-01-14T05:00:00Z The team zeroed in on a protein called MFGE8, which is secreted by vertebral stem cells. Newfound Stem Cell Might Explain How Breast Cancer Spreads to the Spine 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z Photo shows a fish skeleton with a vertebral column extending back from the skull. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The vertebral column contains 26 bones and surrounds and protects the spinal cord. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Its doctors and nurses were pushed to document a range of diagnoses, including some — vertebral fractures, pneumonia and cancer — they lacked the equipment to detect, according to a whistle-blower lawsuit. ‘The Cash Monster Was Insatiable’: How Insurers Exploited Medicare for Billions 2022-10-08T04:00:00Z The adult vertebral column comprises 26 bones: the 24 vertebrae, the sacrum, and the coccyx bones. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z He had several vertebral body fractures with bony fragments displaced into the spinal canal, leaving him paralyzed from the neck down. Opinion | A ride to a friend’s house ends in gunshots, and a life forever changed 2022-08-19T04:00:00Z Lampreys are similar to hagfishes in size and shape; however, lampreys possess some vertebral elements. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Figure 16.15 The axial skeleton, shown in blue, consists of the bones of the skull, ossicles of the middle ear, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Invertebrates include all animals that lack a vertebral column. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Each vertebral body has a large hole in the center through which the nerves of the spinal cord pass. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The vertebral column consists of 24 bones, each called a vertebra, plus the sacrum and coccyx. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A question next to the trunk asks whether a vertebral column is present. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The vertebral column, or spinal column, surrounds and protects the spinal cord, supports the head, and acts as an attachment point for ribs and muscles of the back and neck. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Neck manipulation during the massage, he theorizes, appears to have placed the bone spur in contact with Cutter’s vertebral artery. Hours after a massage, a professor was wildly dizzy and deaf in one ear 2021-12-10T05:00:00Z A firmer, more ossified vertebral column became common in terrestrial tetrapods because it reduces strain while providing the strength needed to support the body’s weight. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z These condyles form joints with the first cervical vertebra and thus support the skull on top of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Again using Figure 3, the tree shows that the oldest trait is the vertebral column, followed by hinged jaws, and so forth. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Each vertebral body has a large hole in the center through which the spinal cord passes down to the level of the first lumbar vertebra. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Inslee must put finding an evenhanded appointee with a sturdy vertebral column first rather than simply installing a Democratic loyalist into the office that has eluded his party in every election since 1964. Preserve Wyman’s legacy with a worthy elections successor 2021-10-27T04:00:00Z Because of a lateral undulating vertebral column, in early tetrapods, the limbs were splayed out to the side and movement occurred by performing “push-ups.” Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The vertebral spines can easily be felt as a series of bumps just under the skin down the middle of the back. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z So, for the organisms in Figure 3, just because a vertebral column evolved does not mean that invertebrate evolution ceased, it only means that a new branch formed. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Figure 12.5 This phylogenetic tree is rooted by an organism that lacked a vertebral column. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Life University still embraces this concept of “vertebral subluxation,” though there is no scientific basis for it. Some chiropractors stoking fear of COVID vaccines 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z The axial skeleton is composed of the bones of the skull, ossicles of the ear, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and ribcage. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The shape and orientation of the articular processes vary in different regions of the vertebral column and play a major role in determining the type and range of motion available in each region. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z She didn’t understand the implications of becoming unfit and then jumping back into vigorous training, which resulted in bulging discs and vertebral stress fractures surrounding those discs. Olympic gold medalist tackles depression struggles in book 2021-01-30T05:00:00Z Again using Figure 12.5, the tree shows that the oldest trait is the vertebral column, followed by hinged jaws, and so forth. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Acceptance of germ theory and vaccination would repudiate the founding premise of the profession that all disease stems from vertebral misalignments. The Denialist Playbook 2020-11-08T05:00:00Z Intervertebral discs composed of fibrous cartilage lie between adjacent vertebral bodies from the second cervical vertebra to the sacrum. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z On the anterior surface of the older adult sacrum, the lines of vertebral fusion can be seen as four transverse ridges. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A review of medical records from six of them showed a range of injuries including external and internal bruising, traumatic brain injury, concussion, a vertebral fracture and a damaged knee. Hundreds of Belarus protesters say they were beaten by police, demand justice 2020-09-07T04:00:00Z So, for the organisms in Figure 12.5, just because a vertebral column evolved does not mean that invertebrate evolution ceased, it only means that a new branch formed. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z His vertebral artery was severed; police deemed the attack a possible hate crime. American Dreams in “The Rose Tattoo” and “Soft Power” 2019-10-21T04:00:00Z The vertebral column contains 26 bones, and it surrounds and protects the spinal cord. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Ligaments that extend along the length of the vertebral column also contribute to its overall support and stability. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The last patient I had seen with this set of symptoms might have never walked again had we not discovered a vertebral disc smashing into his spinal cord like a determined, bony wedge. Perspective | I’m a female doctor. I often face sexual harassment at the hospital. And I’m not the only one. 2019-10-04T04:00:00Z Parts of the vertebral skeleton and braincase are fused to increase its strength while lightening its weight. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In Dallas, Texas, 69-year-old China Anderson squirrels away milk, cookies and other parts of her home-delivered lunches for dinner because she can no longer stand and cook due to scoliosis and eight deteriorating vertebral discs. Starving seniors: How America fails to feed its aging 2019-09-07T04:00:00Z Again using Figure 20.4, the tree shows that the oldest trait is the vertebral column, followed by hinged jaws, and so forth. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Intervertebral discs are also flexible and can change shape to allow for movements of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Kirby claimed Duntsch couldn’t move organs and blood vessels out of the way properly and nicked a patient’s vertebral artery, resulting in a pool of blood to form. ‘Dr. Death’ podcast: Surgeon recalls Christopher Duntsch’s botched procedures: ‘He couldn’t operate at all’ 2019-03-11T04:00:00Z Gatrell’s vertebral artery was struck and his jugular vein also damaged. St. Paul man recovers from 2017 Thanksgiving shooting 2018-12-01T05:00:00Z An example of how microgravity-induced bone and muscular atrophy may act synergistically to produce pathology is demonstrated by an increased incidence of lumbar and cervical vertebral disc herniation in astronauts following spaceflight. Surgery in Space: Medicine's Final Frontier 2018-10-12T04:00:00Z So, for the organisms in Figure 20.4, just because a vertebral column evolved does not mean that invertebrate evolution ceased, it only means that a new branch formed. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z These serve to resist excess forward or backward bending movements of the vertebral column, respectively. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The drug also cut in half the risk of a vertebral fracture, when bone compression causes part of the spine to collapse. Study suggests more older women may benefit from bone drugs 2018-10-01T04:00:00Z The finding suggested a regionalized vertebral column evolved early in land animal history, even before the divergence of mammals and reptiles. The evolution of the spine fueled the rise of mammals—and human back problems 2018-09-20T04:00:00Z The human spine is a complicated mechanism, composed of vertebral bones cushioned between intervertebral discs. Why Running May Be Good for Your Back 2017-06-07T04:00:00Z “We need to practically renegotiate the vertebral column of the deal,” he said. Colombia Pact’s Foes Seek Jail for FARC Rebels 2016-10-04T04:00:00Z The anterior longitudinal ligament runs down the anterior side of the entire vertebral column, uniting the vertebral bodies. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Osteoporosis: While the focus of this article is the remarkable success of immunotherapy, there is another medical issue buried in this article that needs attention - his 7th vertebral fracture. Immunotherapy Offers Hope to a Cancer Patient, but No Certainty 2016-07-31T04:00:00Z The former Marine, who served one tour in Iraq, tore his left vertebral artery while doing front squats. EXCHANGE: Stroke victim saved by innovative procedure 2016-07-16T04:00:00Z Regular climbing also reduced vertebral disc protrusion—also called slipped disk or disc bulge—in a small number of subjects, but no such changes occurred in controls. Baby Sitting May Prime Brains for Parenting 2016-05-30T04:00:00Z A fistula between his vertebral artery and vein. Think Like a Doctor: Thunder in the Head Solved 1459-12-01T05:00:00Z This strong ligament supports the vertebral column during forward bending motions. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It also said the injuries involved “cervical spinal cord transection” and “vertebral artery compression.” Death of man who was put in restraints at a D.C. hospital ruled a homicide 2016-01-04T05:00:00Z Some studies of supplements showed a slightly reduced risk for vertebral fracture, but none for hip or forearm fractures. Calcium Doesn't Improve Bone Density, Analysis Finds 2015-10-05T04:00:00Z But it also increases the risk for vertebral fractures later in life. Girls Are Born With Weaker Backbones Than Boys 2015-07-29T04:00:00Z "Osteoporosis causes a risk of hip fractures and wrist fractures, vertebral spine fractures – and being aware of that risk, whether you're male or you're female, is extremely important," Moriatis Wolf says. No Bones About it: Men and Women Aren’t Equals in Orthopedics 2015-07-22T04:00:00Z The vertebral arch consists of the pedicles, which attach to the vertebral body, and the laminae, which come together to form the roof of the arch. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Transverse processes are smaller bones that extend from the main vertebral bodies of the spine, and serve as attachment points and anchors for ligaments and soft tissues. Cam Newton Suffers Injury In Car Crash 2014-12-09T05:00:00Z The 25-year-old left-handed opening batsman was rushed to the hospital and operated upon but succumbed to the injury Thursday morning, with his official cause of death being termed a “dissected vertebral artery.” World Mourns Phillip Hughes 2014-11-28T05:00:00Z The vertebral arteries run up both sides of the neck and the blow from the ball caused a dissection, in which the artery ruptures. Phillip Hughes: How brain is injured 2014-11-27T05:00:00Z The ball hit him on the side of his neck, compressing his vertebral artery and causing it to split, forcing blood into the brain area. Cricket: A sport left heartbroken by death of Hughes 2014-11-27T05:00:00Z Arising from the vertebral arch are the laterally projecting transverse processes and the posteriorly oriented spinous process. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Brukner said Hughes, 25, died as a result of a vertebral artery dissection, which caused a "massive bleed" on the brain. Hughes injury 'incredibly rare' 2014-11-27T05:00:00Z The force was such that his vertebral artery was pierced, news reports said. Phillip Hughes, Australian Cricket Star, Dies After Being Hit by Ball 2014-11-27T05:00:00Z While vertebral artery dissections are rare, there are two common types of brain injury known as "focal" and "diffuse". Phillip Hughes: How brain is injured 2014-11-27T05:00:00Z Instead, in the mummies of Amenhotep III and three other pharaohs, they detected all the standard criteria for DISH, including a distinctive pattern of ossification along the vertebral bodies. Arthritis rediagnosis in Egyptian pharaohs 2014-10-20T04:00:00Z The median sacral crest is formed by the fused vertebral spinous processes and the lateral sacral crest is derived from the fused transverse processes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Skulls and vertebral columns are, by definition, inevitable. The bony secrets behind marvels of animal world 2014-02-18T19:36:35Z Despite the fact that she was wearing a helmet, she ruptured her vertebral artery, which caused massive bleeding in her brain. On Slopes, Rise in Helmet Use but No Decline in Brain Injuries 2013-12-31T19:43:20Z “Only when we analysed the DNA and took a close look at the skull and vertebral column did the significance of what we found sink in.” New Species, Thor's Hero Shrew, Will Back Itself in Any Feat of Strength 2013-07-23T23:45:00.657Z He said those injuries included spinal compression and burst vertebral bodies, the largest part of the vertebra. 2 Die and Many Are Hurt as Plane Crashes in San Francisco 2013-07-07T06:42:41Z The posterior longitudinal ligament runs within the vertebral canal and unites the posterior sides of the vertebral bodies. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z "The peculiarity of this case is that the tip of the harpoon lodged itself between the anterior vertebral canal and the medullary canal," he said. Woman survives harpoon shooting 2013-05-09T14:30:49Z The vertebral artery actually figures in nourishing a number of neurological structures critical to good balance and coordination, so it is worth our care. Ask an Expert: Advice on Practicing Yoga in Middle Age, Part 1 2013-05-08T14:43:42Z In the United States alone, 700,000 people suffer vertebral fractures per year and back problems are the sixth leading human malady in the world. Human Evolution: Gain Came with Pain 2013-02-16T18:32:55Z In humans, the bony cavities are just big enough to carry the vertebral arteries. How owls swivel their heads 2013-02-01T08:19:58Z In the thorax region, a portion of the vertebral cartilage model splits off to form the ribs. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z We have much of the dorsal vertebral column of the animal and at least part of its pectoral skeleton. Plesiosaurs and the repeated invasion of freshwater habitats: late-surviving relicts or evolutionary novelties? 2013-01-10T01:15:00.203Z Relevant for the neck wars: note that the neck is inclined upwards relative to the dorsal vertebral column. Dissecting a crocodile 2012-05-24T17:15:07.103Z Then 3,g would be the more representational form with the vertebral column left in—though it is also partway transitional to the triple-line angle-and-forking pattern of plate 1 and of 3,a,b above. Mohave Pottery 2012-04-26T02:00:09.420Z They range from a fetus in the uterus to the vertebral column, and will constitute the largest-ever exhibition of Leonardo's anatomical work, and the first in the United Kingdom since 1977. Medicine: Leonardo's anatomy years 2012-04-23T13:50:26.960Z However, the small movements available between adjacent vertebrae can sum together along the length of the vertebral column to provide for large ranges of body movements. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A single one of these fist-blows, planted in the back, would suffice to break the vertebral column. Mysterious Psychic Forces An Account of the Author's Investigations in Psychical Research, Together with Those of Other European Savants 2012-03-28T02:00:29.747Z This is normal for alert crocs: the neck does not continue in a straight line from the dorsal part of the vertebral column. Dissecting a crocodile 2012-05-24T17:15:07.103Z The vertebral column; the spinous process of a vertebra. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z The column of bones in the back which sustains and gives firmness to the frame; the spine; the vertebral or spinal column. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z Figure 9.3 Intervertebral Disc An intervertebral disc unites the bodies of adjacent vertebrae within the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The beak is used instead of hands; and such is the flexibility of the vertebral column, that the bird is able to touch with its beak every part of its body. Sheep, Swine, and Poultry Embracing the History and Varieties of Each; The Best Modes of Breeding; Their Feeding and Management; Together with etc. 2012-03-21T02:00:35.167Z Not a vestige of brain could be discovered; yet the carotid and vertebral arteries crossed the basis of the cranium. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z There are two vertebral columns, which usually are separate down to the sacrum, and they converge at the lower end. Essays In Pastoral Medicine 2012-03-05T03:00:09.993Z I’m especially concerned about my back, which is riddled with narrowed vertebral spaces and prone to spasms and sciatica. Personal Health: It's Not Too Late to Become a Yoga Believer 2012-02-20T17:47:47Z The intervertebral symphysis is a wide symphysis located between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Judging from the remains — all four legs are still attached by the hide to the vertebral column — this moose was probably killed the night before last. Scientist at Work Blog: One Moose, Two Moose 2012-02-03T23:03:17Z No tails, no swimbladders, no ribs, no pectoral or pelvic girdles, a really short vertebral column, and so on. A symbiotic relationship between sunfish and albatrosses? Say what? 2012-02-02T04:15:00.337Z The livers were fused, the vertebral columns were distinct throughout. Essays In Pastoral Medicine 2012-03-05T03:00:09.993Z Skeleton.—The vertebral column of the lamprey is represented by a persistent notochord surrounded by a thick sheath, which shows no signs of invasion by cartilage cells or of segmentation. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z Retraction is the opposite motion, with the scapula being pulled posteriorly and medially, toward the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Yen said that Burke had suffered a ruptured vertebral artery in the fall on the Eagle Superpipe at Park City, which led to a severe intracranial hemorrhage. Canadian freestyle skier Sarah Burke dies at 29 2012-01-20T00:27:18Z She sustained a ruptured vertebral artery in her fall, the family said. Sarah Burke, Canadian Freestyle Skier, Dies From Injuries 2012-01-19T23:22:48Z Yen said in the statement that Burke suffered a ruptured vertebral artery in the fall, which led to a severe intracranial hemorrhage. Canadian Skier Sarah Burke Dies of Injuries 2012-01-19T21:29:37Z The 29-year-old athlete underwent surgery on Wednesday to repair a tear in her vertebral artery that resulted in a hemorrhage within the skull. Doctors: No prognosis yet for injured skier Sarah Burke 2012-01-14T00:38:15Z The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each vertebral region. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Burke, who was married to fellow skier Rory Bushfield, had surgery last Wednesday at the University of Utah hospital to repair a tear in her vertebral artery, the hospital said. Canadian freestyle skier Sarah Burke dies at 29 2012-01-20T00:27:18Z This means that the anterior part of the vertebral column was very stiff, with hardly any side-to-side motion being possible. Rigid Swimmer and the Cretaceous Ichthyosaur Revolution (part I) 2012-01-03T23:45:00.273Z Alex Ghanayem, a spine surgeon at Loyola University Medical Center, explained the recovery from a one level vertebral fusion, the procedure Knox underwent. Bears' Knox faces 4 months of recovery following back surgery 2011-12-20T03:05:00Z The vertebrates, as the name indicates, are recognised by the presence of an interior skeleton formed by a central axis, the vertebral column, round which the other parts of the skeleton are arranged. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z However, the flattened and vertically positioned thoracic articular processes allow for the greatest range of rotation within the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The vertebral column is almost entirely welded into a solid tube, but there is a complex joint at the base of the neck, to allow the head being retracted within the carapace. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Atlas, at′las, n. that piece of the human vertebral column which articulates with the skull, so called because it supports the head: a collection of maps. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 1 of 4: A-D) 2011-10-11T02:01:08.990Z Recently W. W. Graves has called attention to a malformation of the vertebral border of the scapula which consists in a concavity instead of the normal convexity of the bone. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z In the ox, the ribs are flattened laterally and are very broad, the more so as we examine a portion further from the vertebral column. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z The joints of the vertebral column include the symphysis joints formed by each intervertebral disc and the plane synovial joints between the superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Myalgic tender points in the region of the spine are common enough; and it would be easy without careful attention, to mistake them for the deeper-seated vertebral tenderness which is truly characteristic of spinal irritation. Neuralgia and the Diseases that Resemble it 2011-10-03T02:00:31.460Z Raymond is still recovering from a vertebral compression fracture suffered in Game 6 against Boston. Canucks say Game 7 loss makes them stronger 2011-09-30T00:19:09Z Stripes are never present on the uniformly pale colored 8th, 9th and vertebral scale-rows. A Revision of Snakes of the Genus Conophis (Family Colubridae, from Middle America) 2011-09-25T02:00:14.967Z In the cetaceans—for example, the dolphin—because of the absence of posterior limbs, the pelvis is represented by two separate bones only, which have no connection with the vertebral column. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z The range of motions available in each region of the vertebral column varies, with all of these motions available in the cervical region. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The ribs of Urodela are shown to be upper ribs, yet we find besides these in Urodela rudimentary lower ribs fused with the vertebral column. The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence 2011-09-10T02:00:27.077Z At the end of the vertebral column, curling faintly outward in suggestive fashion, are three, four, and occasionally five vertebr� forming the coccyx, a true rudimentary tail. McClure's Magazine, Vol. 1, No. 1 2011-07-17T02:00:36.813Z About one-third of the postmenopausal women found to have vertebral fractures do not have osteoporosis as defined by bone mineral density testing, according to Ensrud and Schousboe. Along the spine, women buckle at breaking points 2011-06-28T04:53:04Z The muscles are extensors of the vertebral column. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z Figure 11.15 Muscles of the Neck and Back The large, complex muscles of the neck and back move the head, shoulders, and vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Figures of early stages in vertebral development by the authors mentioned show that the basidorsals chondrify first, as neural arches, while a separate mass of mesenchyme lies externally and ventrally from these. The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence 2011-09-10T02:00:27.077Z Yet, if a vertebral fracture is diagnosed and properly treated, the risk of future fractures, including hip fractures, is reduced by half or more. Well: A Telltale Sign of Bone Loss 2011-06-27T20:36:38Z About one-third of the postmenopausal women found to have vertebral fractures do not have osteoporosis as defined by bone mineral density testing, according to Dr. Ensrud and Dr. Schousboe. Personal Health: Along the Spine, Women Buckle at Breaking Points 2011-06-27T19:33:56Z In the carnivora, the panniculus of the trunk is not attached to the supraspinous ligament; it is blended with the same muscle of the opposite side, passing over the spinous region of the vertebral column. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z The erector spinae group forms the majority of the muscle mass of the back and it is the primary extensor of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z On the development of the vertebral column of the Anura. The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence 2011-09-10T02:00:27.077Z I had the bull carefully covered, and as he swayed forward in the first impulse of attack, my bullet struck him in the middle of the neck and crashed through the vertebral column. Lodges in the Wilderness 2011-06-15T02:00:17.057Z The variability of the occipital bone which, as just shown, is so frequently associated with all forms of degeneracy, is still better understood when we remember that it is of vertebral character. Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z In animals the sacrum and the coccyx, as a matter of fact, clearly continue the superior border of the skeleton of the trunk; hence we study them with the vertebral column. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z It controls flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation of the vertebral column, and maintains the lumbar curve. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Recent work on the development of the vertebral column. The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence 2011-09-10T02:00:27.077Z The first class embraces the vertebral animals, distinguished by having a vertebral column, or back-bone, a regular skeleton, and a regular nervous system. The Religion of Geology and Its Connected Sciences 2011-02-28T03:00:28.890Z The proper development of the occipital bone is, moreover, connected with the proper development of the two last vertebræ, which like it are losing their vertebral characteristics. Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z It is obliquely placed, from before backwards, and from below upwards; immediately behind the lumbar section of the vertebral column; and is continued by the coccygeal vertebræ, which form the skeleton of the tail. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z Branches off the left and right vertebral arteries merge into the anterior spinal artery supplying the anterior aspect of the spinal cord, found along the anterior median fissure. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z But there is also a singular variation in number of vertebral bones in a bird's neck. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z It supposes that law produces at once a vertebral animal and a flowering plant; for the first, certainly, we find in the very lowest of the fossiliferous rocks. The Religion of Geology and Its Connected Sciences 2011-02-28T03:00:28.890Z At a certain stage of human development, as in the tadpole, the tail disappears, the nine vertebræ forming the coccyx unite together and become a very diminutive bone which loses nearly all vertebral characteristics. Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z The curves of the vertebral column are, in quadrupeds, slightly different from those which characterize the human spine. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z It is directly attached to the inner surface of the bones of the cranium and to the very end of the vertebral cavity. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Most of the neck bones of birds are relatively long, and the length of the neck is often greater than the remainder of the vertebral column. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z The earliest vertebral animals—the sauroid fishes and sharks—were of this description. The Religion of Geology and Its Connected Sciences 2011-02-28T03:00:28.890Z His leg bones and ribs were mostly disarticulated, his skull was separated from the vertebral column, and his mandible had separated. An Experimental Translocation of the Eastern Timber Wolf 2011-01-21T03:00:13.917Z Each rib, at its vertebral extremity, presents, from within outwards, a wedge-shaped head for articulation with two dorsal vertebræ, a neck, and a tuberosity. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z The sympathetic chain ganglia constitute a row of ganglia along the vertebral column that receive central input from the lateral horn of the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It is a modification of the cup-and-ball form of vertebral articulation, which at the present day is eminently reptilian. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z U' ro style, a long bone forming the hinder extremity of the vertebral column of tailless amphibia. A Guide for the Study of Animals 2011-01-18T03:00:14.913Z This fish is remarkable for its 205negative characters; it can hardly be said to possess a brain, vertebral column, or heart, &c.; so that it was classed by the older naturalists amongst the worms. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, Vol. I 2011-01-17T03:00:49.523Z These limbs, considered in the vertebral series, present themselves under very different aspects, which are determined by the functions they are called upon to perform. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z Why is the lumbar puncture performed in the lower lumbar area of the vertebral column? Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Professor Williston remarks that in the toothless Pterodactyles of Kansas the hinder ball of the vertebral articulation is continued downward and outward as a concave articulation upon the processes at its outer corners. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z The long axis of the organ is obliquely placed so that the upper pole is much nearer the vertebral column than the lower pole. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z The heart then took the shape merely of a simple pulsating vessel; and a long undivided spinal cord usurped the place of the vertebral column. Charles Darwin 2010-12-24T03:00:33.847Z The great oblique, when it contracts, compresses the abdominal viscera in all circumstances under which this compression is necessary; it also acts as a flexor of the vertebral column. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z Elastic fibers are prominent in elastic tissues found in skin and the elastic ligaments of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It appears sometimes to have been as long as the entire vertebral column. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z Each brachiocephalic soon sends off its subclavian, while in the normal or more usual cases the rest proceeds as the carotid trunk, inclusive of the vertebral artery. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Slice 7 "Bible" to "Bisectrix" 2010-12-20T17:12:05.780Z In a pivotal study that was the basis for the approval, Prolia reduced the incidence of vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. An Amgen Drug Is Approved For Use Against Osteoporosis 2010-06-02T03:30:00Z In contracting, this muscle brings the chest nearer the pelvis, and as a result flexes the vertebral column. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z As a result of the loss of bone density, the osseous tissue may not provide adequate support for everyday functions, and something as simple as a sneeze can cause a vertebral fracture. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A vertebra nearly 5 inches long, which is more than twice the length of the longest neck bones in the Stuttgart fossil, is the only indication of the vertebral column. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z This is the most perfect arrangement attained by the vertebral column, and is typical of, and restricted to, birds. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Slice 7 "Bible" to "Bisectrix" 2010-12-20T17:12:05.780Z Shrapnel had grazed one of the two vertebral arteries that fed his brain. Survival Odds Rise Sharply for Soldiers 2010-04-03T16:35:00Z In a large three-year study, denosumab, given by injection every six months to postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, reduced vertebral fractures by 68 percent and hip fractures by 40 percent. 2010-01-08T18:11:00Z During fetal development, the body is flexed anteriorly into the fetal position, giving the entire vertebral column a single curvature that is concave anteriorly. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A second character of this group consists in the presence of two occipital 'condyles', or processes by means of which the skull articulates with the spine or vertebral column; Reptiles possessing one condyle only. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli The scapula is sabre-shaped, and extends backwards over the ribs, lying almost parallel to the vertebral column. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Slice 7 "Bible" to "Bisectrix" 2010-12-20T17:12:05.780Z The marked curvature of the vertebral column, by breaking the shock to the neck and head in running and leaping, likewise favours the erect position. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" Our head, balanced as it is upon the cervical vertebral column, is continually in a state of unstable equilibrium and therefore peculiarly susceptible to movement-impulses of every kind. Clever Hans (The horse of Mr. Von Osten): A contribution to experimental animal and human psychology In the adult, this fetal curvature is retained in two regions of the vertebral column as the thoracic curve, which involves the thoracic vertebrae, and the sacrococcygeal curve, formed by the sacrum and coccyx. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z These muscles extend posteroventrally between the vertebral portions of successive thoracic ribs, and between the last cervical and first thoracic ribs. Thoracic and Coracoid Arteries In Two Families of Birds, Columbidae and Hirundinidae This specimen is abnormal in several characters; in five places there is a fusion and separation of the vertebral and paravertebral scale rows, producing a change from 17 to 15 rows of dorsal scales. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México The vertebral column of the gorilla differs from that of man in its curvature and other characters, as also does the conformation of its narrow pelvis. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" In some individuals the vertebral pale area does not include the paravertebral spots; in other individuals the pale area includes not only the paravertebral rows, but, at least anteriorly, the dorsolateral rows. A New Subspecies of Lizard, Cnemidophorus sacki, from Michoacan, Mexico Each of these is thus called a primary curve because they are retained from the original fetal curvature of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This muscle is variously developed, and originates from a small area on the ventral end of the vertebral portion of the last cervical rib. Thoracic and Coracoid Arteries In Two Families of Birds, Columbidae and Hirundinidae That it is accompanied by a greater degree of growth in the vertebral column than in the periphery of the costal plates is obvious. Kyphosis and other Variations in Soft-shelled Turtles As to the vertebral column and pelvis, the lower apes differ from the gorilla as much as, or more than, it differs from man. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" In all the remaining genera of Delphinidae the cervical region of the vertebral column is very short, and the first two, and usually more, of the vertebrae are firmly united. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" Scoliosis is the most common vertebral abnormality among girls. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In the Siluridae Stenobranchiae of Gunther the dorsal fin consists of an adipose portion and a short-rayed fin which belongs to the abdominal vertebral column, and, like the adipose fin, may be sometimes absent. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 5 "Cat" to "Celt" In like manner all the parts of the vertebral column itself in the same animal, whether in the skull, the neck, or the trunk, are composed of the same elementary structures. The Origin of the World According to Revelation and Science They were of a grey colour, while a narrow white line, taking its origin between the shoulders, ran to the base of the tail, following exactly the vertebral column. The Ruined Cities of Zululand The caps, or epiphyses, at the end of the vertebral bodies are flattened disks, not uniting until after the animal has attained its full dimensions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" Because of this, the vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness going down the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The color in Panamanian staufferi is gray or gray-brown with a pair of distinct, complete, dark brown dorsolateral stripes, a pair of entire paravertebral stripes, and in some specimens a vertebral stripe. The Systematics of the Frogs of the Hyla Rubra Group in Middle America He had perceived around the vertebral column a sort of belt. Toilers of the Sea The organs by which we obtain our different perceptions are not insulated parts, but communicate with a substance, termed the brain, and which is continued through the vertebral column. Sound Mind or, Contributions to the natural history and physiology of the human intellect The pelvis is represented by a pair of small rod-like bones placed longitudinally, suspended below and at some distance from the vertebral column at the commencement of the tail. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The pedicles are anchored to the posterior side of the vertebral body. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The vertebral column is short, and the vertebrae differ but slightly in number and form throughout the group. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" The keelson was snapped, the vertebral column of the skeleton was broken. Toilers of the Sea The bones lie in great disorder, except that some parts of the roof of the skull are associated, and the middle section of the vertebral column is approximately in place. A New Order of Fishlike Amphibia From the Pennsylvanian of Kansas In the vertebral column, the cervical region is short and immobile, and the vertebrae, always seven in number, are in many species more or less fused together into a solid mass. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" Each lamina forms part of the posterior roof of the vertebral arch. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z From the first dorsal to the last lumbar the vertebral column forms a single curve, most pronounced in the lumbar region. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" The pia mater is the nutrient membrane of the brain, and receives its blood from the carotid and vertebral arteries. A Treatise on Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene (Revised Edition) When the Indian struck with his mace upon the but-end of the pole, the iron pierced through the nape, into the vertebral column, and penetrated the spinal marrow, the only vulnerable part. Adventures in the Philippine Islands The major differences between the two genera are in the increased specialization of the dentition, the shortening of the lacrimal, and the development of long vertebral spines in Dimetrodon. The Adductor Muscles of the Jaw In Some Primitive Reptiles These orientations are important determinants for the type and range of movements available to the thoracic region of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The many bones which unite to form a vertebral skull have like uses. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I Under normal conditions, in making this movement the serratus and rhomboid muscles pull forward the vertebral border and inferior angle of the scapula, and so fix the bone firmly against the chest wall. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The Silurian System has not yet afforded trace of any other vertebral animal. The Testimony of the Rocks or, Geology in Its Bearings on the Two Theologies, Natural and Revealed The magnitude and extent of the vectors of force transmitted through the occiput from the articulation with the vertebral column and from the pull of the axial musculature. The Adductor Muscles of the Jaw In Some Primitive Reptiles This ligament is much larger and stronger in four- legged animals such as cows, where the large skull hangs off the front end of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The fastening over my face holds it upturned to the sky; and my head feels firmly set—as if the vertebral column of my neck had become ossified into a solid mass! The Wild Huntress Love in the Wilderness Through the foramen of Magendie in the roof of the fourth ventricle the sub-arachnoid fluid of the cranial cavity communicates with that of the vertebral canal. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. And thus, tried by the test of perfect reproduction, the great vertebral division receives its full development in creation. The Testimony of the Rocks or, Geology in Its Bearings on the Two Theologies, Natural and Revealed I may conclude this chapter by a brief view of the Fauna of the higher vertebral animals. Travels in Peru, on the Coast, in the Sierra, Across the Cordilleras and the Andes, into the Primeval Forests Both of these ligaments provide important support for the vertebral column when bending forward. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z We were content to visit him now and then, to arouse him, and then leave him to disincarnate his vertebral outward phase into chlorophyll or lifeless stone. Edge of the Jungle Partial lesions include twists or sprains, isolated dislocations of articular processes, isolated fractures of the arches and spinous processes, and isolated fractures of the vertebral bodies. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. If we go toward the head, we find caroted, cervical and vertebral arteries in pairs, large enough to supply blood abundantly for bone, brain, and muscle. Philosophy of Osteopathy It seemed that with the fraction of an inch more the vertebral column must crack like a stick of candy. Desert Conquest or, Precious Waters Figure 7.31 Ligaments of Vertebral Column The anterior longitudinal ligament runs the length of the vertebral column, uniting the anterior sides of the vertebral bodies. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Her emaciation was so extreme that it was said her vertebral column could be felt through the abdominal walls. Fasting Girls Their Physiology and Pathology In some cases the depression communicates with the vertebral canal, constituting a complete sacro-coccygeal fistula, which may be lined with cylindrical or ciliated epithelium. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. That adult man is devoid of that prolongation of the vertebral column which we call a tail is not a distinctive peculiarity. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 15 — Science The position of the head, eyes, and ears, the neck, the central vertebral column, the fore legs, which are arms in that position, the pelvis, the hind legs, all bear a close resemblance. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 18, No. 108, October, 1866 The adult vertebral column consists of 24 vertebrae plus the sacrum and coccyx. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z So that this part of the vertebral column differs considerably in appearance from the same part in the wild rabbit, and closely resembles in an interesting manner these same vertebr� in some species of hares. The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Vol. I. The risk is increased when the tumour communicates with the vertebral canal. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Just as the brain is a specially modified part of the nerve-rod, the skull is only a modified part of the vertebral column. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 15 — Science First, occupying the major axis of body we perceive the primitive vertebral column. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions The lower limb is attached to the vertebral column by the pelvic girdle. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Who can look on unmoved at the spectacle of children whose vertebral column is being deformed by using desks, just as in the Middle Ages the instep was deformed by the torture of the boot. Spontaneous Activity in Education The periosteal form of vertebral tuberculosis is that most frequently met with in adults. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The first part of the subclavian gives off the vertebral, thyroid axis, and internal mammary; the second, the superior intercostal; while the third part has in most cases no branch whatever. A Manual of the Operations of Surgery For the Use of Senior Students, House Surgeons, and Junior Practitioners As yet, however, there are no limbs, nor even any bony skeleton, for the primitive vertebral column is hitherto unossified cartilage. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions Figure 8.2 Axial and Appendicular Skeletons The axial skeleton forms the central axis of the body and consists of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He divides the vertebral columns into cervical, dorsal, and lumbar portions. Fathers of Biology Malignant Disease of the Vertebræ.—Sarcoma is the most important of the primary tumours met with in the vertebral column. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The back of the neck contains the vertebral column, and is close to the brain. The Physical Life of Woman: Advice to the Maiden, Wife and Mother At first—in Jurassic strata—the tail is fully a half of the whole vertebral column. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions This orientation provides the cervical vertebral column with extensive ranges of motion for flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Diseases of the bones of the vertebral column, or even those of the organs of circulation, may give rise to an exhibition of similar symptoms. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse Thoracic or Dorsal Region.—When the disease is confined to the thoracic region, stiffness of the back and boarding of the vertebral muscles are prominent features. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Some claim that to leave the vertebral column attached to the skin of the back is an invaluable aid in giving that part its proper shape. Home Taxidermy for Pleasure and Profit A Guide for Those Who Wish to Prepare and Mount Animals, Birds, Fish, Reptiles, etc., for Home, Den, or Office Decoration The evidence, then, which is furnished by all parts of the vertebral skeleton—whether we have regard to Fishes, Reptiles, Birds, or Mammals—is cumulative and consistent. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions The first type, spina bifida occulta, is the mildest because the vertebral bones do not fully surround the spinal cord, but the spinal cord itself is not affected. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Symptoms.—The symptoms are characteristic of a loss of rigidity or firmness of the vertebral column, both when the animal is at rest and in action. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse The general condition of the patient, the freedom of movement of the vertebral column, and the entire absence of rigidity, are sufficient to exclude tuberculosis. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The development of the skull is entirely dissimilar to that of the vertebral column. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata At the post-mortem the wound proved not to have penetrated the thorax, and both the vertebral spines and laminæ were intact, no trace of bony injury being discoverable. Surgical Experiences in South Africa, 1899-1900 Being Mainly a Clinical Study of the Nature and Effects of Injuries Produced by Bullets of Small Calibre The vertebral arteries enter the cranium through the foramen magnum of the occipital bone. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Not but that the process of vertebral segmentation may have been sometimes assisted by the mechanical action suggested. On the Genesis of Species These symptoms may be relieved by the removal of this strand of tissue from the gap in the vertebral arches, or by incising the membrana reuniens. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Before throwing tail and hinder part of body away, note the myotomes of body wall, the notochord and vertebral body, neural canal, and, in the tail, the haemal canal. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata This well illustrates the comparatively slight vibratory effect of a bullet travelling with a degree of velocity insufficient to completely perforate the vertebral column. Surgical Experiences in South Africa, 1899-1900 Being Mainly a Clinical Study of the Nature and Effects of Injuries Produced by Bullets of Small Calibre The two vertebral arteries then merge into the basilar artery, which gives rise to branches to the brain stem and cerebellum. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The other kind of serial repetitions, namely, those of the vertebral column, are explained by Mr. Spencer as the results of alternate strains and compressions acting on a primitively homogeneous cylinder. On the Genesis of Species The muscles attached to the vertebral border and spine of the scapula are divided, the bone is drawn down to its proper position, and the parts are fixed by plaster bandages. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. If this were correct, in the frog, which is a more primitive rendering of the vertebrate plan, we should find the vertebral characters more distinct. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Entry, just to the left of the episternal notch; exit, in the fifth left interspace posteriorly, midway between the spine and vertebral margin of the scapula. Surgical Experiences in South Africa, 1899-1900 Being Mainly a Clinical Study of the Nature and Effects of Injuries Produced by Bullets of Small Calibre Figure 13.15 Circle of Willis The blood supply to the brain enters through the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries, eventually giving rise to the circle of Willis. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It involves only the back muscles—not the vertebral bones. The Mother and Her Child The vertebral canal contains the spinal cord so suspended within its membranes that it does not touch the bones, and is not disturbed by the movements of the vertebral column. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. In the very young rabbit, the limb bones, vertebral column, and many of the skull bones are simply plates and bars of cartilage; the future membrane bones, however are planned out in connective tissue. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Entry, in the centre of the second right intercostal space, anteriorly; exit, at the level of the sixth rib posteriorly, through the scapula, close to its vertebral margin. Surgical Experiences in South Africa, 1899-1900 Being Mainly a Clinical Study of the Nature and Effects of Injuries Produced by Bullets of Small Calibre It is anchored to the inner surface of the cranium and vertebral cavity. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z But experience shows the direct contrary, for in the chick the rudiments of the vertebral axis appear sooner than any other part. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology As the clinical importance of a spinal injury depends almost entirely on the degree of damage done to the cord, we shall consider injuries of the cord before those of the vertebral column. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The nerves which emerge from the vertebral column between the vertebrae, arise, unlike the cranial nerves, by two roots. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Blood-staining of psoas sheath; no injury to vertebral column or to bowel detected. Surgical Experiences in South Africa, 1899-1900 Being Mainly a Clinical Study of the Nature and Effects of Injuries Produced by Bullets of Small Calibre It encloses the entire CNS and the major blood vessels that enter the cranium and vertebral cavity. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The formation of vertebral rudiments begins close behind the ear-labyrinth, but in front of this the chorda-sheath gives origin to a flat membranous plate which afterwards becomes cartilaginous. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Less frequently it spreads towards the vertebral canal and accumulates around the dura, causing pressure on the cord. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. This sheath is soon cut into a series of vertebral bodies by jointings appearing through the points where the cartilage is thickest and the notochord most constricted. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata I recall to mind a poor dog, the roots of whose vertebral nerves Magendie desired to lay bare to demonstrate Bell's theory, which he claimed as his own. An Ethical Problem Or, Sidelights upon Scientific Experimentation on Man and Animals Spinal nerves extend outward from the vertebral column to enervate the periphery. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z So, too, the ear-capsule is not part of the cranial vertebræ, but is rather to be compared to the intercalary bones in the vertebral column of certain fish. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Spina Bifida.—Spina bifida is a congenital defect in certain of the vertebral arches, which permits of a protrusion of the contents of the vertebral canal. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. As the tadpole approaches the frog stage the vertebral column in the tail is rapidly absorbed, and its vestiges appear in the adult as the urostyle. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata A tiger may seize by the nape in order to get a temporary purchase, but it would be awkward for him to pull the head back far enough to snap the vertebral column. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon This occurs at four places along the length of the vertebral column, each identified as a nerve plexus, whereas the other spinal nerves directly correspond to nerves at their respective levels. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In his criticism of the vertebral theory of the skull, Vogt started by defining the vertebra as a ring formed round the chorda. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The term spina bifida occulta is applied to a condition in which there is no protrusion of the contents of the vertebral canal, although the vertebral arches are deficient. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. These epiphyses to the vertebral bodies occur only among mammals, and are even absent in some cases within the class. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The vertebral column is remarkable for the great transverse processes directed downwards, forwards, and widening at the ends. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon Each hip bone, in turn, is firmly joined to the axial skeleton via its attachment to the sacrum of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Groups of these morphological elements formed morphological divisions, such as the vertebral segments of the head with their highly developed neural arches, or the segments of the neck with their undeveloped hæmal arches. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology These nerve symptoms usually result from the presence of a tough cord composed of connective tissue, fat, and muscle, stretching from the skin through the vertebral canal to the lower end of the spinal cord. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The transverse processes differ from those of thoracic series in having a perforation, the vertebrarterial canal, through which the vertebral artery runs up the neck. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The vertebral column is often ankylosed in the fore-part, but is extremely elastic, owing to the cartilaginous cushion between each bone in the latter half. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon The back muscles stabilize and move the vertebral column, and are grouped according to the lengths and direction of the fascicles. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In his further study of the development of Blennius viviparus, Rathke observed some important facts about the development of the vertebral column and skull. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The outline of the spine of the scapula can be traced back to the vertebral border; and the body of the bone may be manipulated, and its movements tested by moving the arm. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The thorax is bounded dorsally by the vertebral column, and ventrally by the sternum. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata It may be of an aching character and referred to the vertebral region or to the neck; or it may only accompany the act of swallowing. Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery The muscles of the vertebral column, thorax, and abdominal wall extend, flex, and stabilize different parts of the body’s trunk. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He had, however, some doubts as to the entire correctness of the vertebral theory, doubts suggested by a study of the developing skull. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The posterior or vertebral compartment contains the muscles of the back of the neck, the vertebral column and its contents, and the prevertebral muscles. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The pelvic girdle differs from the pectoral in most land vertebrata in being articulated with the vertebral column. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Deviation of the esophagus may be marked in the presence of a deformed vertebral column, though dysphagia is a very uncommon symptom. Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery The picture you have in your mind of the nervous system probably includes the brain, the nervous tissue contained within the cranium, and the spinal cord, the extension of nervous tissue within the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Huxley now goes on to consider the relation of this general plan or type of the skull to the structure and development of the vertebral column. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology In the case of the lower extremities, three or more of the lumbar and one or more of the sacral nerve roots are resected within the vertebral canal. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Posteriorly the vertebral column terminates in the urostyle, a calcified unsegmented rod. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The vertebral column in animal life was first developed on the horizontal plane, and so, naturally, when man was evolved and adopted the erect position, certain modifications of the spine were necessary. Vitality Supreme The brain is contained within the cranial cavity of the skull, and the spinal cord is contained within the vertebral cavity of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The next bone, however, the basisphenoid, develops in front of the notochord, and shows very little analogy with a vertebral body. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The knife may even reach the vertebral column without damaging the contents of the carotid sheath. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Slightly misplaced vertebræ in the neck, by compressing the vertebral arteries, may also interfere with the supply of blood Fig. Physiology and Hygiene for Secondary Schools A new strain developed on the vertebral column which was due to the new position, and so there came about certain changes in its structure. Vitality Supreme In actuality, there are some elements of the peripheral nervous system that are within the cranial or vertebral cavities. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The best way to state the facts is to say that both skull and vertebral column start in their development from the same point, but immediately begin to diverge. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The main vessels are generally divided, the œsophagus and trachea opened into, and in some cases the vertebral canal is opened and the cord and its membranes injured. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. He went into his room, and sat very carefully down, for he was still uncertain whether some vertebral bit of him was not broken. King John of Jingalo The Story of a Monarch in Difficulties Thus, both carotids and both vertebral arteries, can be frequently tied at one and the same time without either producing coma or any very marked symptoms. Scientific American Supplement, No. 1178, June 25, 1898 The spinal cord is not the full length of the vertebral column because the spinal cord does not grow significantly longer after the first or second year, but the skeleton continues to grow. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The vertebral column develops as a segmented structure round the notochord; the skull develops first as an unsegmented plate extending far beyond the notochord. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology There is tenderness on pressing over the affected muscles, and sometimes over the vertebral spines, and in the lines of the cervical nerves, and severe pain on attempting to move the head. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The politest of Roman poets has felicitously described how the two halves of a warrior's head fell to right and left of his vertebral column. Rudyard Kipling Teratoma.—A teratoma is believed to result from partial dichotomy or cleavage of the trunk axis of the embryo, and is found exclusively in connection with the skull and vertebral column. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. As the vertebral column grows, these nerves grow with it and result in a long bundle of nerves that resembles a horse’s tail and is named the cauda equina. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The cartilaginous cranium in Kölliker's opinion was formed upon the vertebral type, and the membrane bones were accessory. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology If that is a gorilla, sir, where are his vertebral processes, tell me that? The Missing Link Under this is formed a straight rod of gelatinous material, the foundation of the vertebral column, and the body of the embryo is gradually pinched off from the surface of the hollow sphere. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work The ankylosing type of chronic arthritis is fortunately much rarer than those described above, and is chiefly met with in the joints of the fingers and toes and in those of the vertebral column. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. At the end of the spinal cord, a thin filament extends from the inferior end of CNS at the upper lumbar region of the vertebral column to the sacral end of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The vertebral theory of the skull is a particular application of the second of these generalisations. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology It, too, is semi-erect, so that the line of the vertebral axis makes an angle with the plane of the ground of about seventy degrees. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope The theory of the skull which held the field was known as the vertebral theory. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work The treatment is to ligate the common carotid or the vertebral artery in the neck, according to the seat of the aneurysm. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. They are referred to as prevertebral because they are anterior to the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He found that the vertebral centra were first formed as rings in the chorda-sheath, which give off neural and hæmal processes. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Olive, beneath pale olive, vertebral scales darker, slightly spotted; labial shield pale, dark edged. Journals of Two Expeditions of Discovery in North-West and Western Australia, Volume 2 The nerve tissue is the brain and spinal cord; the sheath is the skull in front and the vertebral column along the greater part of the length of the animal. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work When there is agonising pain dependent upon an ascending neuritis, it may be necessary to resect the corresponding posterior nerve roots within the vertebral canal. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The nerves are numbered from the superior to inferior positions, and each emerges from the vertebral column through the intervertebral foramen at its level. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Now of these bones, the basioccipital is in every way equivalent to a vertebral centrum, for it develops in the basilar plate round the notochord. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The vertebral series broad, six-sided, long; of the nape, small, like those on the sides; of the tail, broader and more uniform; ventral plates distinctly keeled and erect on the sides. Journals of Two Expeditions of Discovery in North-West and Western Australia, Volume 2 What Huxley did was to show that the skull, in its mode of origin and real nature, was not merely an expanded portion of the vertebral column, but that it differed from it in kind. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work In course of time the vertebral column becomes rigid, the head is bent forward, the hips are flexed, and abduction and other movements of the arms are limited. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The ligaments in the vocal folds and between the vertebrae in the vertebral column are elastic. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He used precisely the same arguments in his paper on Alytes to destroy the vertebral theory of the skull. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Head rather shelving, shielded with one transverse frontal and two large vertebral plates, the hinder largest; the rostral plates large, with two unequal superciliary plates. Journals of Two Expeditions of Discovery in North-West and Western Australia, Volume 2 The hypothesis of the vertebral structure of the skull was due both to Goethe, the great German poet, and Oken, a most able but somewhat mystic German anatomist. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work In the vertebral column, hydatids give rise to angular deformity and paraplegia. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Scoliosis is an abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It goes without saying that Owen considered the skull to be formed of vertebræ—the vertebral theory of the skull was, in his system, a deduction from the vertebral theory of the skeleton. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology It is well known that the discovery of a cracked sheep's skull on the Lido in Venice gave Goethe the hint for the so-called vertebral theory of the skull. Dream Psychology Psychoanalysis for Beginners So far it cannot be doubted that the vertebral theory made a distinct advance in our knowledge of the skull. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work Periosteal tuberculosis is met with in the ribs, sternum, vertebral column, skull, and less frequently in the long bones of the limbs. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Compensatory curves may also develop in other areas of the vertebral column to help maintain the head positioned over the feet. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z "Every animal lives either outside or inside its vertebral column." Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology I knew the gravity of all these faults, but influenced by pride, I became blinded and ate the meat attached to the vertebral columns of animals. The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 4 Books 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 When Huxley took up the subject, the position was that the vertebral theory was in full possession of the field, under the auspices of Owen. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work Motor disturbances are exceptional, unless in the case of tumours within the vertebral canal, which press on the spinal medulla and cause paraplegia. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Excessive vertebral curves can be identified while an individual stands in the anatomical position. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Goethe seems to have been the first to hit upon the idea that the skull is composed of a number of vertebræ, serially homologous with those of the vertebral column. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology It might indeed be described as a vertebral column from which iron roads will ere long be extended laterally on either side, like ribs, to support and bind together the huge frame. The Awakening of China Taking the embryological facts, he shewed that the skull arose out of elements quite different from those of the vertebral column. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work If this fails to give relief, the more serious operation of resecting the posterior roots of the affected nerves within the vertebral canal may be considered. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Observe the vertebral profile from the side and then from behind to check for kyphosis or lordosis. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The presphenoid, being long and pointed, is very unlike a vertebral body. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology But the vertebral column is not perfected by fish. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 The scapulæ have been dragged apart, as though by the weight of the dependent arms, with eversion of their vertebral borders and lowering of the points of the shoulders. The Nervous Child There may be tenderness over the vertebral spines or in the lines of the cervical nerves, and the sterno-mastoid may undergo atrophy. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The vertebral arch forms the posterior portion of each vertebra. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Rathke was an able and careful critic of the vertebral theory of the skull, but he accepted it in the main. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology This law is even more strikingly illustrated in the embryonic development of the vertebral column and skull, if we had time to trace their development. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 Body composed of definite segments arranged longitudinally one behind the other; main masses of the nervous system placed dorsally; a backbone or "vertebral column" in the majority. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science To prevent relapses of lumbago, the patient must take systematic exercises of all kinds, especially such as bring out the movements of the vertebral column and hip-joints. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Each pedicle forms one of the lateral sides of the vertebral arch. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The vertebral theory of the skull took its origin from the same habit of thought. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The vertebral column of sharks has reached this stage. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 A cellular rod which is developed in the embryo of Vertebrates immediately beneath the spinal cord, and which is usually replaced in the adult by the vertebral column. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science Bed-sores over the sacrum sometimes implicate the vertebral canal and lead to spinal meningitis, which usually proves fatal. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The large opening between the vertebral arch and body is the vertebral foramen, which contains the spinal cord. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z On another line of thought the 095sternum is a ventral vertebral column. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology But the skull is far more complex in origin and undergoes far more numerous and important changes than the simpler vertebral column. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 Applied especially to the articular surface or surfaces by which the skull articulates with the vertebral column. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science He fell on his head on the pavé of the broad avenue, breaking the vertebral column. France in the Nineteenth Century Figure 7.23 Parts of a Typical Vertebra A typical vertebra consists of a body and a vertebral arch. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The skeleton of each member is in some respects a repetition of the vertebral column. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The new and characteristic organ was not the vertebral column, or series of vertebræ, or backbone, from which the kingdom has derived its name. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 One of the bony segments of the vertebral column or backbone. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science He has performed a feat of strength and skill rendered easy by the exercise that he has given to the muscles occupying the colliciæ of his vertebral column. Scientific American Supplement, No. 787, January 31, 1891 Arising from the vertebral arch are the transverse, spinous, superior articular, and inferior articular processes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z So far as their first three elements are concerned, these vertebræ are practically identical with the vertebræ distinguished in the classical vertebral theory of the skull, as enunciated by Oken. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology In the Vertebrates there is a vertebral column terminating in a prominent head; this column has an arch above and an arch below, forming a double internal cavity. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 09, No. 51, January, 1862 What Christian experience wants is THREAD, a vertebral column, method. Beautiful Thoughts The Spinal Cord, or spinal marrow, fills the spinal canal in the vertebral column, or "backbone." The Hindu-Yogi Science Of Breath The vertebral foramen provides for passage of the spinal cord. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Thus the notochord is the necessary forerunner of the vertebral column, cartilage the precursor of bone. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The Isthmus of Portland two hundred years ago was a back of sand, with a vertebral spine of rock. The Man Who Laughs If the finger is cut, there is a special emotion in one place of the vertebral column. Delsarte System of Oratory It resembled greatly the Chelidona oblonga, inhabiting Western Australia, with the exception of the arch and its more oval shape; and as in that kind, the last vertebral plate was divided by a suture. Discoveries in Australia, Volume 2 Discoveries in Australia; with an Account of the Coasts and Rivers Explored and Surveyed During the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, in The Years 1837-38-39-40-41-42-43. By Command of the Lords Commissioners Of the Admiralty. Also a Narrative of Captain Owen Stanley's Visits To the Islands in the Arafura Sea Although the total amount of movement available between any two adjacent vertebrae is small, when these movements are summed together along the entire length of the vertebral column, large body movements can be produced. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z After Oken's work the vertebral theory was taken up generally by both the German and the French anatomists. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The other organs of the young tunicate are all of vertebral type. Composition-Rhetoric From these twenty-four vertebrae proceed the nervous plexi, all aiding a particular expression; so that the vertebral column forms the keys of the sympathetic human instrument. Delsarte System of Oratory Goethe and Oken discovered at the same time the vertebral system. Character Sketches of Romance, Fiction and the Drama, Vol. 1 A Revised American Edition of the Reader's Handbook It serves to resist excess backward bending of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Müller was, of course, very ready to accept Rathke's opinions on this subject, for he considered that they supported his own theory of the vertebral nature of the skull. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology This is of two classes: first, a simple opening in the vertebral canal, and, second, a large cleft sufficient to allow the egress of spinal membranes and substance. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Can the heart become misshapen and contract incurable deformities and infirmities under the oppression of a disproportionate unhappiness, as the vertebral column beneath too low a vault? Les Misérables The vertebral column was fractured in more than one place. Ghost Stories of an Antiquary Part 2: More Ghost Stories The supraspinous ligament is located on the posterior side of the vertebral column, where it interconnects the spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Applied to the "Theory of the Skull," the gradation method consists in comparing the parts of the skull and vertebral column in adult animals with respect to their form and connections. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Scoliosis may be a cervicodorsal, dorsolumbar, or lumbosacral curve, and the inclination of the vertebral column may be to the right or left. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine What Christian experience wants is thread, a vertebral column, method. Pax Vobiscum Both Darwin's vertebral plexus, and Herbert Spencer's "line of individuation," must begin with the lancelet and its disputed head, and end in the Catarrhine or Old World monkey. Life: Its True Genesis Additional ligaments are located inside the vertebral canal, next to the spinal cord, along the length of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This fantasy can hardly be taken seriously as a scientific theory; it seems, however, to have been what guided Goethe in his "discovery" of the vertebral nature of the skull. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The vertebral columns, which were entirely separate above, were joined below by a rudimentary os innorminatum. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine This is the poetical side of the scientific mind; and he shares with Goethe the honor of that startling and far-reaching discovery, the vertebral character of the bones of the cranium. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 01, No. 03, January, 1858 Surely these make the vertebral stock of superbest and noblest nations! Complete Prose Works Specimen Days and Collect, November Boughs and Goodbye My Fancy The posterior longitudinal ligament is found anterior to the spinal cord, where it is attached to the posterior sides of the vertebral bodies. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He had on a new blue woolen Havre frock, with a new silk handkerchief round his neck, passed through one of the vertebral bones of a shark, highly polished and carved. Redburn. His First Voyage Fracture of the lower part of the spine is not always fatal, and notwithstanding the lay-idea that a broken back means certain death, patients with well-authenticated cases of vertebral fracture have recovered. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine At this very time the four vertebral cranial bones recognized by Owen are the same Oken has described. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 01, No. 03, January, 1858 At last Anna, settling herself firmly on the limb, raised her club with both hands and delivered a slashing blow on the neck of her foe, breaking, as they afterward found, his vertebral column. The Junior Classics — Volume 8 Animal and Nature Stories It has 80 bones and consists of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z As I understand it, he actually anticipated in his pamphlet Saint Hilaire's theory of the universal type, and supported the hypothesis by describing the notochord of the amphioxus as a cartilaginous vertebral column. Crucial Instances Warren relates the history of a case in which the vertebral artery was wounded by the discharge of a pistol loaded with pebbles. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine On awakening Mignonne was absent; he climbed the hillock and afar off saw her returning in the long bounds characteristic of those animals who cannot run owing to the extreme flexibility of the vertebral column. Short Stories and Selections for Use in the Secondary Schools It had the vertebral column and general bodily form of a fish, but to that were added the head and breast-bone of a lizard, and the paddles of the whale tribes. Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation The vertebral column forms the neck and back. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Then came a hand printing-press, on which were spread the remains of some comrade's repast: the vertebral column of a bloater and an empty condensed-milk can, among other relics. A Girl Among the Anarchists Eve reports three cases of gunshot wound in which the balls lodged in the vertebral canal, two of the patients recovering. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine The cause of death was found to be the breaking of the vertebral column just at the base of the neck. David Poindexter's Disappearance, and Other Tales For further illustration, it is obvious that, various as may be the lengths of the upper part of the vertebral column in the mammalia, it always consists of the same parts. Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation The vertebral column originally develops as 33 vertebrae, but is eventually reduced to 24 vertebrae, plus the sacrum and coccyx. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z B D represents the vertebral column; A C, the sternum; and A B and C D, the ribs. A Practical Physiology Strange to say, the blade had passed between the vertebral column and the esophagus, and to the right of the aorta, but had wounded neither of these organs. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine It is the fish's vertebral column, and it will give you an idea of your own, for it is constructed on the same plan. The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals The one is enclosed in the bony skull, the other in the bony vertebral column. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The vertebral column has four curvatures, the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacrococcygeal curves. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It goes the whole length through the middle of the body, and forms, as the central skeletal axis, the original structure of the later vertebral column. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 In about five weeks after the removal of the bullet nearly the entire body of the 3d cervical vertebra, including the anterior half of the transverse process and vertebral foremen, was spontaneously discharged. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Do you remember of my talking of the vertebral column when I was describing that great artery, the aorta, to which it forms a rampart of defence? The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals In reality the ribs are merely large and independent lower vertebral arches, which have lost their original connection with the vertebral bodies. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Attached posteriorly to the body is a vertebral arch, which surrounds and defines the vertebral foramen for passage of the spinal cord. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In man and all the higher vertebrates it is found only in the earlier embryonic period, and is afterwards replaced by the articulated vertebral column. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 B. Rudiment further advanced, showing the foundations of the head, tail, and vertebral column. Lectures and Essays As this descends, it slips behind the heart and takes up its place in front of the vertebral column which it follows all the way down the back, just to the top of the loins. The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals In the first year the two osseous halves of the arches unite; but it is much later—in the second to the eighth year—that they connect with the osseous vertebral bodies. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The anterior longitudinal ligament runs along the full length of the anterior vertebral column, uniting the vertebral bodies. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z For instance, the skull and vertebral column and the extremities are non-essential in this sense. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 The vertebral column progressed in the same way, from flat to the double curve and the interlocking process, thus securing greatest strength with greatest mobility. Time and Change Now the vertebral column, or backbone, is one of those dominant characters which always carries along with it a train of other points of resemblance in the animals where it is found. The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals In order to understand the embryology of the human vertebral column we must first carefully consider the shape and connection of the vertebrae. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Posteriorly, the head of the rib articulates with the costal facets located on the bodies of thoracic vertebrae and the rib tubercle articulates with the facet located on the vertebral transverse process. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z These are the primitive aortas which we have already mentioned; they are also called the posterior vertebral arteries. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 So the ossification of the vertebral column takes place progressively, from the Silurian to the middle Jurassic. Time and Change It goes on to the frog and the fish, and includes the monkey, the ox, the fowl and the lizard; for all these creatures possess the vertebral column. The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals The base or ventral side of the vesicular cranial capsule corresponds originally to a number of developed vertebral bodies; its vault or dorsal side to their combined upper vertebral arches. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The thickest portions of the anterior longitudinal ligament and the supraspinous ligament are found in which regions of the vertebral column? Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The skull develops in the same way as the membranous vertebral column. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 To cause the necessity of it to be perceived, we must remember that the vertebral column, forming one of the walls in the cavity containing the intestines, is firm and inflexible. The Physiology of Taste On each side of the vertebral column, from the neck to the loins, spring twelve long bones, one below the other, bent in the form of bows; these are called the ribs. The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals This axial rod, which is the first foundation of the later vertebral column in all the vertebrates, and is the only representative of it in the Amphioxus, originates from the entoderm. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Describe the vertebral column and define each region. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The coalescence of these two dorsal plates and the closing in the middle of the dorsal wall take place in the same way as the medullary tube, which is henceforth enclosed by the vertebral tube. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 This large consideration must dispose of small anomalies, such as the acceptance, without cant, of certain forms of the shop, euphemized as the store, but containing the same old vertebral counter. The Imperialist At a depth of eighteen feet below the surface the miners uncovered a human skull, with portions of the ribs, vertebral column, and collar-bone. Ragnarok : the Age of Fire and Gravel Man is only a more advanced stage of the vertebral type that we find unmistakably in the Amphioxus in its characteristic features. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Similarly, plane joints allow for flexion, extension, and lateral flexion movements of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z I may mention, in particular, his vertebral theory of the skull, his discovery of the pineal gland in man, his system of the metamorphosis of plants, etc. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Since that date, by a succession of odd chances, seven new genera have come into my hands, and of these six certainly have well-ossified and developed vertebral columns. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 1 This one, instead of pursuing its way straight through the body of our poor friend, had turned around the ribs, and gone to its place close by the vertebral column. The Clique of Gold The oesophagus descends into the pectoral cavity along the vertebral column, behind the lungs and the heart, pierces the diaphragm, and enters the visceral cavity. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The multifidus muscle of the lumbar region helps extend and laterally flex the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The paralysis begins at the point in the vertebral column where the injury was received. The Emancipated The vertebral column of Archegosaurus was alone known, and it was in a remarkably imperfect state of ossification. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 1 These displacements, called "vertebral subluxations," are best "adjusted" by means of manipulations in the form of chiropractic "thrusts." Nature Cure In the higher Vertebrates the majority of these vertebral arches are lost or become rudimentary. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The muscles of the back and neck that move the vertebral column are complex, overlapping, and can be divided into five groups. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Note the five digits on the hind feet, the quadrupedal gait, the enormous stretch of neck and tail, the small head aligned with the vertebral column. The Elements of Geology Will you be so kind as to thank Professor Gegenbaur for a paper on the development of the vertebral column of Lepidosteum I have just received from him? Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 1 As a result, we find that only seven years after the birth of chiropractic, osteopathic literature began to mention vertebral subluxations as pressing on nerves, thereby causing disease. Nature Cure The comparative anatomy of these cerebral nerves, their origin and their expansion, furnishes one of the strongest arguments for the new vertebral theory of the skull. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Made of skin, fascia, and four pairs of muscle, the anterior abdominal wall protects the organs located in the abdomen and moves the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The sinuous winding and articulations of the vertebral spinal arrangement are anatomically perfect in the Argyleshire mound. Atlantis : the antediluvian world They are often divided transversely, at nearly equal distances, like the joints in a vertebral column, as in the Giant's Causeway, in Ireland. The Student's Elements of Geology This Broadway franchise formed the vertebral column of the New York transit system; with it as a basis, the operators formed the Metropolitan Street Railway Company in 1893, commonly known as the "Metropolitan." The Age of Big Business; a chronicle of the captains of industry As appendages of the vertebral column we have the ribs, and of the skull we have the hyoid bone, the lower jaw, and the other products of the gill-arches. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The length of the spinal cord is divided into regions that correspond to the regions of the vertebral column. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z So that this part of the vertebral column differs considerably in appearance from the same part in the wild rabbit, and closely resembles in an interesting manner these same vertebrae in some species of hares. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 1 "What a vertebral column you must have!" said Christopher. A Simpleton This fish is remarkable for its negative characters; it can hardly be said to possess a brain, vertebral column, or heart, etc.; so that it was classed by the older naturalists amongst the worms. The Descent of Man The skeleton of the limbs or extremities is composed of two groups of parts—the skeleton of the extremities proper and the zone-skeleton, which connects these with the vertebral column. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 |
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