| 单词 | vacuum tube |
| 例句 | At first I thought the radio’s vacuum tube had blown, but then a man’s voice came on the radio. Prisoner B-3087 2013-03-01T00:00:00Z There were no windows, for there was no scenery to see in the subsurface vacuum tube. Scythe 2016-11-22T00:00:00Z If you put a million volts into a vacuum tube, you could be sure only of blasting the tube to bits. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z Lawrence listened soberly, his eyes wandering over the magnets, Tesla coils, and vacuum tubes littering the lab. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z Because Sony bought transistor licensing rights from Western Electric at a time when the American electronics consumer industry was churning out vacuum tube models and reluctant to compete with its own products. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Tuve and Van de GraafF struggled to make it work with the vacuum tubes and other apparatus necessary to produce a focused beam of charged, energetic particles. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z He mastered the ondes martenot, an electric keyboard instrument from the 1920s that can mimic a string section, or a flute, or a choir of ghosts imprisoned in vacuum tubes. Jonny Greenwood, Radiohead?s Runaway Guitarist 2012-03-10T20:47:20Z The painting’s installation elements — including a plastic vacuum tube filled with “alphabet dice” — hint at myriad possibilities. Robert McCauley’s paintings combine playful appearance with serious intent 2017-10-24T04:00:00Z The new one used transistors and semiconductors instead of the vacuum tubes and neon bulb of the original, invented in the 1920s by the Dutch physicist Balthasar van der Pol. Possessed: There?s No Quiet Without Noise 2011-07-08T19:39:07Z The first lumbering computers were walking the earth, with their big hot vacuum tubes and their Boolean circuits. James Gleick: 'Information poses as many challenges as opportunities' 2011-04-09T23:05:59Z The real advances in computer technology occurred in a roomsize monstrosity with over 1,500 vacuum tubes, built by an engineer, Tommy Flowers, and known as the Colossus. Where the Real 'Imitation Game' Happened 2014-11-28T05:00:00Z There is an amusing bit where Fay recounts magazine stories about the future involving electric cars, vacuum tube transportation, and even personalized phones. Amazon's "Vast of Night" is a Richard Linklater, sci-fi, "All the President's Men" thriller mash-up 2020-05-29T04:00:00Z However, the quantum noise that lurks inside the vacuum tubes that encase LIGO's laser beams can alter the timing of the photons in the beams by minutely small amounts. LIGO surpasses the quantum limit 2023-10-23T04:00:00Z In the last century, our capacity to store and process data has soared, with electronics marching from the vacuum tube to the transistor to today’s semiconductor chips. AI Promises Humanity One Last Job. Helping AI Help Humanity 2023-06-14T04:00:00Z Shaughnessy, a 30-year West Seattle resident, says he has in storage 2 million vacuum tubes, the kind used in old radios and amps. In West Seattle, a rogue sculpture of the infamous Rolf Neslund is saved 2023-06-12T04:00:00Z That interference can be reduced by “squeezing” out quantum noise by creating a quantum state of light and injecting it into the vacuum tubes. New black hole could help WA scientists unlock mysteries of the universe 2023-05-29T04:00:00Z Just a few years after the war, digital computing received a huge boost with the invention of the transistor, a device with far more computing potential than its predecessor the vacuum tube. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z It accelerates electrons within a long vacuum tube to high energy and near–light-speed, while magnets steer them around the ring. A farewell to the x-ray–generating particle accelerator that was my father’s baby 2023-05-03T04:00:00Z A smaller, more reliable way to regulate electric currents, transistors would replace bulky, easily broken vacuum tubes in computers and other devices. Gordon Moore, Silicon Valley pioneer who co-founded Intel, dies at 94 2023-03-24T04:00:00Z Scientists communicated with these room-size machines by feeding mathematical and textual instructions into vacuum tubes via typewriters, magnetic tape and punched cards. The Chatbots Can’t Outsmart You. Yet. 2023-01-20T05:00:00Z For over 150 years, people have dreamed of high-speed travel via pneumatic vacuum tubes, allowing them to shoot underground from one place to the next. Your Friday Briefing 2022-09-23T04:00:00Z In the 1920s, once the vacuum tube and the triode had been developed, commercial radio that broadcast news, music, and radio plays became available as well. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z It has been a transportation dream for over 150 years: In the 1870s, a test system used a pneumatic vacuum tube to propel people under Manhattan from Warren Street to Murray Street. Is the Hyperloop Doomed? 2022-09-22T04:00:00Z Electrons ejected by thermal agitation from a hot filament in a vacuum tube are accelerated through a high voltage, gaining kinetic energy from the electrical potential energy. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Huge vacuum tubes hanging from the ceiling remove dust. In Italy, a glimmer of resurrection for art damaged in 2016 quakes 2022-06-22T04:00:00Z Black, steel, with lots of little vacuum tubes that keep fritzing and lots of fans and drawing, lots of power… Lost Women of Science Podcast, Season 2, Episode 3: The Experimental Rabbit 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z Instead of using lasers and vacuum tubes, radio astronomers turn to pulsars, neutron stars that spew radiation from their poles. Astronomers find a new way to detect gravitational waves 2022-04-06T04:00:00Z The computer required fans or an elaborate air-conditioning system to cool the vacuum tubes that powered its operations. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z The idea of a Hyperloop was first conceived by tech entrepreneur Elon Musk, who suggested the idea of a high-speed transport system in a vacuum tube in a 2013 research paper. Virgin Hyperloop to focus on cargo, not people 2022-02-23T05:00:00Z Offbeat repairs have included an egg incubator and a 1946-era radio that required extensive research and work, including vacuum tube replacement. Neighborhood tool libraries keep Seattle-area DIYers well-equipped | Produced by Seattle Times Marketing 2021-09-17T04:00:00Z The ENIAC, on the other hand, used electronic signals, transmitted by vacuum tubes. Lost Women of Science Podcast, Season 2, Episode 3: The Experimental Rabbit 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z A well-dressed and somewhat-familiar-looking gentleman stood near the entrance, curiously looking around at the intriguing inventory of transistors, vacuum tubes and assorted radio parts. ‘Seattle Mystic Alfred M. Hubbard’ explores the random résumé of a creative, eccentric, 20th-century pioneer and LSD proponent 2021-08-08T04:00:00Z Silicon chips replaced the bulky vacuum tubes used earlier. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z The company, based in Roanoke, specializes in electronics for homeland security and says its next-generation binoculars infuse the latest in connectivity with old vacuum tube technology found in black-and-white TVs. The Army’s latest night-vision tech looks like something out of a video game 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z The company based in Roanoke, Virginia, specializes in electronics for homeland security and says its next-generation binoculars infuse the latest in connectivity with old vacuum tube technology found in black-and-white TVs. The Army’s latest night-vision tech looks like something out of a video game 2021-05-25T04:00:00Z You can use vacuum tubes as amplifiers, boosting an electronic signal, or you can use them as switches, turning the electronic signal on or off. Lost Women of Science Podcast, Season 2, Episode 3: The Experimental Rabbit 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z After strapping into their seats in the company’s gleaming white and red hyperloop pod, dubbed Pegasus, they were transferred into an airlock as the air inside the enclosed vacuum tube was removed. Virgin Hyperloop hits an important milestone: the first human passenger test 2020-11-08T05:00:00Z It uses special pods to transport cargo and passengers through huge vacuum tubes, utilizing a magnetic levitation system. Editorial Roundup: West Virginia 2020-10-14T04:00:00Z Dr. Ashkin worked at a Columbia University laboratory during World War II, developing a magnetron — a vacuum tube that generates microwaves — as part of an Army radar program. Arthur Ashkin, Nobel-winning physicist who trapped molecules with light, dies at 98 2020-09-28T04:00:00Z The bits of early computers consisted of vacuum tubes or mechanical relays, which were prone to flip unexpectedly. The biggest flipping challenge in quantum computing 2020-07-09T04:00:00Z Stacked together, the vacuum tubes could store and transmit complex information—AKA data. Lost Women of Science Podcast, Season 2, Episode 3: The Experimental Rabbit 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z On the first floor, payment instructions were inserted into a canister and sent upstairs via vacuum tube. How robust is the world's financial plumbing? 2019-12-03T05:00:00Z Mr Musk said the new vacuum tube would be curved. Musk promises '10km Hyperloop tunnel' 2019-07-22T04:00:00Z Hyperloop passengers would shoot through vacuum tubes in pods traveling more than 600 miles per hour, according to Musk’s tunneling venture, the Boring Company. Elon Musk’s latest plan: Two 35-mile tunnels from D.C. to Baltimore 2019-04-18T04:00:00Z The precursor to this curious form of vacuum tube was invented at General Electric around 1920. Machines That Read Your Brain Waves 2019-04-05T04:00:00Z The way it was originally set up, it took 28 vacuum tubes to communicate just one decimal digit to the computer. Lost Women of Science Podcast, Season 2, Episode 3: The Experimental Rabbit 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z Clearly, there was a need for a way to send financial information more reliably than through a vacuum tube and more securely than via telegraph in an easily-mistranscribable code. How robust is the world's financial plumbing? 2019-12-03T05:00:00Z It was a massive contraption - a hybrid vacuum tube and transistor machine - and it started work in 1957. New Ernie, same slim odds of winning 2019-02-28T05:00:00Z Funded by the military, the thing was a behemoth, weighing more than 30 tons and including 17,468 vacuum tubes. The Secret History of Women in Coding 2019-02-13T05:00:00Z The strategic framework agreement aims to combine two technologies – magnetic levitation to eliminate ground friction, and vacuum tubes to reduce air resistance – to achieve a “hypersonic” mode of transportation, Geely said in a statement. Geely, China aerospace firm agree to work on supersonic trains 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z And just like with the vacuum tubes, you could store lots of information using different on/off patterns. Lost Women of Science Podcast, Season 2, Episode 3: The Experimental Rabbit 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z His mother helped him find castoff vacuum tubes, switches and copper wire to animate his inventions. Medtronic Founder Earl Bakken Turned a Tiny Repair Shop Into a Giant of Medical Technology 2018-10-26T04:00:00Z His parents cultivated his curiosity by allowing him to play not only with Erector Sets and other toys but also with hardware parts such as copper wire and vacuum tubes. Earl Bakken, early pacemaker inventor and founder of Medtronic, dies at 94 2018-10-23T04:00:00Z The man yelled at the intruder to get out and hit him in the back with a vacuum tube. Broncos backup QB Chad Kelly arrested in trespassing case 2018-10-23T04:00:00Z Clear instructions guided me through the assembly process, which was basically just unpacking the two Russian-made vacuum tubes, seating them in their silos, and placing the solid glass frame around them. Woo Audio’s WA7 amp makes audiophilia beautiful 2018-07-09T04:00:00Z You had all the benefits of the high processing speed of the vacuum tubes, without the painstaking process of patching and rewiring cables for every new problem. Lost Women of Science Podcast, Season 2, Episode 3: The Experimental Rabbit 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z Starting in the 1950s, the university used a synthesizer and another instrument consisting of vacuum tubes to play bell-like music from Denny Hall. Watch, listen as 47-bell carillon rings out for first time across UW campus 2018-04-05T04:00:00Z Quantum computing is now in the equivalent of the days of vacuum tubes running calculations in room-sized computers. Making quantum computers reliable 2018-02-22T05:00:00Z Most parts are ordered, the business rids its stock of old vacuum tubes and other older parts in the late 1980s or early 1990s. All in the family: Darnells mark half a century fixing TVs 2017-12-31T05:00:00Z Musk is seeking to revolutionize transportation by sending passengers and cargo packed into pods through an intercity system of giant vacuum tubes known as the “hyperloop.” Elon Musk to compete to fund high-speed Loop in Chicago 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z Their duties are clear: The straw will serve as a vacuum tube in which you can inhale your preferred beverage. Perspective | McDonald’s new straw wrappers are signs of hope and despair in the land of plenty 2017-09-02T04:00:00Z Tube is slang for a television set, which used to be powered by vacuum tubes. YouTube has a new look and, for the first time, a new logo 2017-08-29T04:00:00Z But this is early days and the students are testing their pod for the first time on a nearly mile-long vacuum tube track outside Mr Musk's office in Hawthorne near Los Angeles. Anyone for the Hyperloop? Testing high-speed pods in a vacuum tube - BBC News 2017-08-28T04:00:00Z Ducati was launched in 1926 as a maker of vacuum tubes and radio components and its Bologna factory remained open in World War Two despite being the target of several bombings. Harley-Davidson enters race to buy Italian rival Ducati: sources 2017-06-21T04:00:00Z Musk is seeking to revolutionize transportation by sending passengers and cargo packed into pods through an intercity system of giant vacuum tubes known as the “hyperloop.” Elon Musk to compete to fund high-speed Loop in Chicago 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z A decade later, a new type of vacuum tube called the magnetron was created; it was then used in World War II radar systems and the invention of the microwave. G.E.’s History of Innovation 2017-06-12T04:00:00Z They shoot synchronized laser beams down perpendicular vacuum tubes, each 2½ miles long. Scientists detect gravitational waves from black holes colliding 3 billion light-years from Earth 2017-06-01T04:00:00Z A top-secret federal government project at the University of Pennsylvania, it measured 100 feet long, weighed 30 tons and contained 18,000 vacuum tubes. Harry Huskey, Pioneering Computer Scientist, Is Dead at 101 2017-04-20T04:00:00Z Inside each arm a laser beam bounces back and forth between mirrors at each end of a vacuum tube, resonating like sound in an organ pipe. European gravitational wave detector falters 2017-02-16T05:00:00Z The Virgo interferometer runs laser light back and forth inside two metal vacuum tubes each 3 kilometres long, which are housed inside elevated tunnels. LIGO’s underdog cousin ready to enhance gravitational-wave hunt 2017-02-07T05:00:00Z Barton Prorok, a materials-engineering professor at Auburn, is trying to build what he calls a “poor man’s” 3-D printer using vacuum tubes from old televisions and oscillators, rather than a laser. There’s an Antidote to America’s Long Economic Malaise: College Towns 2016-12-12T05:00:00Z It and more refined vacuum tubes would lead to the spread of radio technology, the birth of television, and, in 1946, the first general-purpose computer—all 27 metric tons of it. A world without DNA and black holes: The state of science the last time the Chicago Cubs won the World Series 2016-10-26T04:00:00Z They were sold with a blower tube, a vacuum tube and a reusable collection bag. Recalls this week include: smartphones, leaf blowers 2016-09-16T04:00:00Z As Chamberlain’s address blared from the hotel’s massive radio, 6-year-old Rainer stared in fascination at the glowing array of vacuum tubes inside the cabinet. Meet the college dropout who invented the gravitational wave detector 2016-08-04T04:00:00Z The idea is to split a laser beam into two beams, and then send them in different directions through 4-kilometer-long vacuum tubes. Universe rings a bell: Professors help prove Einstein theory 2016-07-17T04:00:00Z “And by the way, they’re different things: aren’t you in a little thing going in a vacuum tube? That’s not the same as looking out the window, socializing with your neighbor, is it?” California changin’: three governors see history repeated in state’s primary 2016-06-07T04:00:00Z The vacuum tubes the Caltech researchers are looking at are nothing like the bulky objects that hummed in the old family radio and even early computers. Smaller Chips May Depend on Vacuum Tube Technology 2016-06-05T04:00:00Z She then passed a note to a teller through a vacuum tube. Colorado babysitter charged in bank robbery with kids in car 2016-05-18T04:00:00Z She allegedly sent a note through the vacuum tube demanding money for a man in the back of her Nissan Pathfinder threatening to hurt the girls, who are 7 and 1½ years old. Justice Dept. to review S. Carolina police force where officer killed unarmed man 2016-05-17T04:00:00Z She then passed along a note to a teller through a vacuum tube. Colorado babysitter robbed bank to pay debt in other theft case: police 2016-05-17T04:00:00Z Arranged in a large hall at the back of the private, nonprofit museum were 46 tables covered with resistors, potentiometers, capacitors, wires, wire nuts, wire markers, vacuum tubes and VU meters. ‘I was a geek, a happy geek.’ Hanging out at the Techno-Swap-Fest. 2016-02-29T05:00:00Z Both transistors and vacuum tubes — the British called the devices valves — control the flow of electricity, but they do so differently. Smaller Chips May Depend on Vacuum Tube Technology 2016-06-05T04:00:00Z Later in the 21st century, they said, people will sit in self-driving cars, freight will move at 750 mph though vacuum tubes, and the Los Angeles International Airport will finally connect to rail. Garcetti, transit leaders envision an L.A. of self-driving cars and Hyperloop 2016-02-29T05:00:00Z As a student, he built one of the first neural-network learning machines, using vacuum tubes. AI pioneer Marvin Minsky dies aged 88 - BBC News 2016-01-26T05:00:00Z There are big barriers to doing this - would people really want to get inside a vacuum tube and be propelled at up to 700mph? Is Hyperloop the future of high-speed travel? - BBC News 2016-01-20T05:00:00Z It’s a world where vacuum tubes glow when a current passes through them, casting off a warm, dusty smell. ‘I was a geek, a happy geek.’ Hanging out at the Techno-Swap-Fest. 2016-02-29T05:00:00Z The silicon transistor, the tiny switch that is the building block of modern microelectronics, replaced the vacuum tube in many consumer products in the 1970s. Smaller Chips May Depend on Vacuum Tube Technology 2016-06-05T04:00:00Z This console enabled IBM operators to manage what was known as the Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator — an early computer made up of 12,000 vacuum tubes and 21,000 electromechanical relays. Silicon City: New York's forgotten role in the history of computers 2015-11-13T05:00:00Z Before the rise of the transistor in the 1950s, all amps used vacuum tubes. The Miracle of a $150 (or Less) Tube Amplifier 2015-10-21T04:00:00Z The ground around him is littered with piles of discarded vacuum tubes, concrete chunks, steel debris and his muddy channel system for separating excavated dirt from groundwater. California man tries to dig up Missouri missile site 2015-10-17T04:00:00Z Theirs is the longest-running soap opera since the invention of the vacuum tube made radio possible. WESLEY PRUDEN: Hillary Clinton losing momentum 2015-09-10T04:00:00Z The last time researchers explored vacuum tubes was in the 1990s, when they were a promising option for building flat-panel displays. Smaller Chips May Depend on Vacuum Tube Technology 2016-06-05T04:00:00Z The imaginary transportation system would use vacuum tubes to transport freight and passengers between Los Angeles and San Francisco at up to 760 miles per hour. SpaceX launches Hyperloop pod design competition 2015-06-15T04:00:00Z They focused on the aspect ratio—the radius of the whole tokamak compared to the radius of the vacuum tube. Feature: The new shape of fusion 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z Semiconductors are about as cool as vacuum tubes they replaced. Moore's Law Turns 50: Seven Things To Remember 2015-04-13T04:00:00Z A Luddite with a fondness for space-age technologies like vacuum tubes and Tang. First Click: all hail the new rocket scientist 2015-04-13T04:00:00Z Now as shrinking transistors to even more Lilliputian dimensions is becoming vastly more challenging, the vacuum tube may be on the verge of a comeback. Smaller Chips May Depend on Vacuum Tube Technology 2016-06-05T04:00:00Z Musk's imaginary Hyperloop would use vacuum tubes to transport freight and passengers at speeds of 750 mph, racing from Los Angeles to San Francisco in half an hour. Hyperloop firm leases space in L.A.'s Arts District 2015-03-24T04:00:00Z The development of vacuum tubes for the radio industry paved the way for the creation of electronic digital circuits. What Computer Innovation and Fracking Have in Common [Excerpt] 2015-03-13T04:00:00Z The electronics retailer was once the operator of go-to shops for innovators and engineers for products ranging from vacuum tube speakers to the first mass-produced PC. Amazon.com, Sprint consider buying some Radioshack stores: BBG 2015-02-03T05:00:00Z North Korea built its first computer with vacuum tubes in 1965, with engineers trained in France. N.S.A. Breached North Korean Networks Before Sony Attack, Officials Say 2015-01-18T05:00:00Z Hundreds of people can live in an entirely artificial environment for decades, but their TVs still use vacuum tubes in 2014, and their fashion is untouched by generations of change on Earth. In SyFy's new series Ascension, the future ends in 1963 2014-12-16T05:00:00Z "I memorized the entire handbook of vacuum tubes." Engineer became the father of video-game industry 2014-12-08T05:00:00Z The Navy’s existing jammer, which was designed in the era of vacuum tubes, is gradually being overwhelmed by all the options available to enemies. Next-Gen Jammer: Raytheon Leads A Revolution In Information Warfare 2014-12-08T05:00:00Z “I memorized the entire handbook of vacuum tubes.” Ralph H. Baer, a father of video gaming, dies at 92 People doing this work wear specialty suits and all debris from blasting is sucked out of the enclosure with a large vacuum tube. Capitol dome: Next phase of $60M repair begins 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z For example, it’s not super surprising that the invention of the microphone and the vacuum tube enabled the entertainment industry. Book review: ‘How We Got to Now’ by Steven Johnson RadioShack, which has been around for more than 90 years, was once a go-to shop for budding innovators and engineers for products that ranged from vacuum tube speakers to the first mass-produced PC. RadioShack restructuring begins to takes shape 2014-09-11T04:00:00Z It’s a pre-air conditioning smell and not unpleasant: wood, plaster, dust on a console radio’s warm vacuum tubes, perhaps a whiff of rose water or drying varnish. A little bit of everything, from shower towels to work trucks The vacuum tube was invented in 1910, making possible the amplification and current switching necessary for such consumer products as radios and telephones. How Dwight D. Eisenhower Invented The Internet -- And The Desktop Computer 2014-09-02T04:00:00Z The research efforts that led to the invention of the transistor and laser were not the result of trying to design a better vacuum tube or light bulb. Neal F. Lane: "Investments in Basic Research are just that: Investments " 2014-07-22T04:00:00Z Giant microphones, vacuum tubes, capstans, switches, rheostats and broadcast towers erupted around you in a circular photomural 67 feet in diameter. At 30 Rock, Recreating a Rotunda With a Nod to the Past 2014-06-25T04:00:00Z If there are no negative consequences, all future fish destined for the hatchery will travel through the vacuum tube into the truck, Fast said. Vacuum tube moves salmon at Roza Dam 2014-06-03T04:00:00Z In Orwell’s pre-digital world, the memory hole was a vacuum tube into which old documents were physically disappeared forever. Could the NSA make Edward Snowden disappear? 2013-12-04T13:32:00Z Scientists and engineers soon discovered a way to make electrons move in a glass vacuum tube so that they appeared to be moving images. How Dwight D. Eisenhower Invented The Internet -- And The Desktop Computer 2014-09-02T04:00:00Z Still, Mr. Edwards persisted, and in 1968 he proposed reviving and updating Mr. Beach’s idea of running subway cars in vacuum tubes. When the New York City Subway Ran Without Rails 2013-08-15T02:19:50Z It is not exactly a vacuum tube because they never technically get to a vacuum. Hyperloop Physics 101 With Elon Musk 2013-08-12T20:30:17Z "It does involve a tube but not a vacuum tube… not frictionless but very low friction," is all he will add. Musk to outline 'Hyperloop' idea 2013-08-12T09:47:45Z Electricity melts the metal in these vacuum tubes. Titanium Fills Vital Role for Boeing and Russia 2013-07-06T01:04:59Z Theoretically, if a room full of vacuum tubes could add large columns of numbers, then a machine the size of a city block could do much more. How Dwight D. Eisenhower Invented The Internet -- And The Desktop Computer 2014-09-02T04:00:00Z Since the 1950’s, the internal technology that powered von Neumann’s architecture has steadily improved, from vacuum tubes to transistors to integrated circuits.. Why The New Google-NASA Partnership Marks A New Era In The History Of Computing 2013-05-20T12:02:13Z Another was Dr. Wronald Best, chief scientist at an unidentified government contractor that provides services to the United States military and law enforcement, like radio transmissions, microwave technology and vacuum tubes used in military helicopters. Chinese Man Pleads Guilty in Copyright Violation Case 2013-01-09T02:12:48Z Rotor vibrations distorted the pictures, and sometimes even cracked the transmitter’s vacuum tubes. John Silva, Maker of ‘Telecopter’ Camera, Dies at 92 2012-12-10T01:31:11Z He said my father particularly concentrated on making the weatherproof boxes that contained the amplifiers more accessible, since the vacuum tubes the system used had to be replaced constantly. Television: My Father, the Pioneering Cable Guy 2012-08-26T21:13:07Z Transistors did not get hot, they did not break all the time like fragile glass vacuum tubes, and most importantly, they were small. How Dwight D. Eisenhower Invented The Internet -- And The Desktop Computer 2014-09-02T04:00:00Z You mounted the tapes, you flipped the switches on the front panel, you rebooted when things crashed, and possibly even replaced the burned out vacuum tubes. DevOps: What It Is And Where It Came From 2012-06-11T14:23:23Z Developed early last century, vacuum tubes offered the first easy way to amplify electric signals. Return of the Vacuum Tube 2012-05-23T18:44:29Z The fundamental idea in these experiments is to set up an electromotive force in a vacuum tube—-preferably devoid of any electrodes—by means of electro-magnetic induction, and to excite the tube in this manner. The inventions, researches and writings of Nikola Tesla With special reference to his work in polyphase currents and high potential lighting 2012-03-28T02:00:22.660Z The part of a vacuum tube opposite the cathode. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z A far out theory predicted that current switching in a vacuum tube could create a larger circuit that would speak essentially a two letter language: i and o, positive and negative. How Dwight D. Eisenhower Invented The Internet -- And The Desktop Computer 2014-09-02T04:00:00Z In the early days of computing, he said, the increases in power were to be found in the shrinking of vacuum tubes. When Robots Will Rule the World: Inside the Mind of Ray Kurzweil 2012-03-15T05:35:13Z The team's device isn't the first attempt at miniaturizing the vacuum tube. Return of the Vacuum Tube 2012-05-23T18:44:29Z The parts thus corresponded to the windings of an induction coil, the vacuum tubes being the secondary, and the tubes filled with mercury the primary. The inventions, researches and writings of Nikola Tesla With special reference to his work in polyphase currents and high potential lighting 2012-03-28T02:00:22.660Z A very small variation of the inductance of the jar circuit causes the vacuum tube to change in luminosity. Hertzian Wave Wireless Telegraphy 2012-01-09T03:00:20.570Z “If we only had another transformer and vacuum tube, we’d have a loud speaker that you could hear all over the hotel.” The Radio Boys at Mountain Pass The Midnight Call for Assistance 2012-01-02T03:00:17.697Z The success of a glow-lamp depends upon the vacuum produced, and the next process is to cement the lamp so far to a vacuum tube connected to a mercurial air-pump. Scientific American Supplement, No. 648, June 2, 1888. 2011-12-26T03:00:15.410Z Still, she cautions, the nano vacuum tube is more of a "proof of concept" than a working device, since its operational requirements do not yet match modern transistors. Return of the Vacuum Tube 2012-05-23T18:44:29Z The terms usually apply to conductors leading the current through a liquid or gas, as an electrolytic cell, or vacuum tube. Hawkins Electrical Guide, Number One Questions, Answers, & Illustrations, A Progressive Course of Study for Engineers, Electricians, Students and Those Desiring to acquire a Working Knowledge of Electricity and its Applications 2011-12-24T03:07:54.823Z If, however, the natural time periods of these bobbins do not lie very far apart, then a faint luminosity will make its appearance in both the vacuum tubes. Hertzian Wave Wireless Telegraphy 2012-01-09T03:00:20.570Z One time they noticed that in a vacuum tube was a pale blue glow, and Joe was at a loss to know how to account for it. The Radio Boys at Mountain Pass The Midnight Call for Assistance 2012-01-02T03:00:17.697Z This little device, a single speck of germanium, is smaller than a paper clip and works perfectly at one-tenth the power needed by the smallest vacuum tube. Norman Krim, Who Championed the Transistor, Dies at 98 2011-12-21T04:03:02Z The new device is a cross between today's transistors and the vacuum tubes of yesteryear. Return of the Vacuum Tube 2012-05-23T18:44:29Z The floor glitters with the glass of shattered vacuum tubes. | Williamsburg: Leeds Radio Is a Haven for Lovers of All Things Analog 2011-11-20T02:38:42Z Traditional light bulbs produce light by heating exotic gases or pieces of metal inside of sealed tubes: they are the last vestige of the 132-year old vacuum tube era. Will LED Light Bulbs Help You Fall Asleep? 2011-11-02T15:40:33Z It was a vacuum tube set with two tubes and power enough to send messages out over the whole county. The Radio Boys at Mountain Pass The Midnight Call for Assistance 2012-01-02T03:00:17.697Z First, viewed from the context of foundational inventions like the vacuum tube, the internal combustion engine, the transistor, Steve Jobs didn’t invent a thing. History and Technology Reality Promise Another Steve Jobs, Apple and American Economic Boom 2011-10-15T05:02:04Z In their paper published online today in Applied Physics Letters, Meyyappan and colleagues estimate that their nano vacuum tube operates at frequencies up to 0.46 terahertz—some 10 times faster than the best silicon transistors. Return of the Vacuum Tube 2012-05-23T18:44:29Z They’re going the way of the vacuum tube, typewriter, vinyl records, CRT and incandescent light bulbs.” Personal Computers Becoming Obsolete, Says IBM PC Architect 2011-08-11T12:00:10Z Twenty of the wood and vacuum tube, AM-only devices, some dating back to the 1930s, are crowded into Brill’s house. EBay Tests Serendipitous Shopping 2011-08-03T21:51:28Z “We’ve made crystal detector sets and vacuum tube sets, and——” “And other sets that we never knew just how to describe,” interrupted the irrepressible Herb, with a laugh. The Radio Boys at Mountain Pass The Midnight Call for Assistance 2012-01-02T03:00:17.697Z However that may be, I certainly have no experience of auroræ, but I have assisted in producing the very same effect upon a small scale within a vacuum tube. Autobiography of an Electron Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion 2011-06-19T02:00:25.633Z As one example, about 10 volts is needed to switch the device on, whereas modern transistors operate at about 1 volt; in this respect, the nano vacuum tube isn't compatible with modern circuits. Return of the Vacuum Tube 2012-05-23T18:44:29Z In this way electrodes are spoken of in connection with electric furnaces, electric welding appliances, vacuum tubes, and mercury vapour lamps, although the actions are not electrolytic. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z Twenty of the wood and vacuum tube, AM-only devices, some dating back to the 1930s, are crowded into Brill’s house. EBay Tests Serendipitous Shopping 2011-08-03T21:51:28Z It is this increase that makes the enormous amplification possible, and lets the operator discard two vacuum tubes.” The Radio Boys at Mountain Pass The Midnight Call for Assistance 2012-01-02T03:00:17.697Z With the aid of a battery and an induction coil, man causes an energetic electrical discharge to pass through a vacuum tube. Autobiography of an Electron Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion 2011-06-19T02:00:25.633Z He flatly refused to continue any more experiments that afternoon and sat until six o'clock watching a flickering electric current passing through a vacuum tube. I Walked in Arden 2011-04-10T02:00:06.137Z Olsen recognized the economic and technological power of a shift from vacuum tubes to transistors, and was the first to build products that took advantage of those changes. Remembering Ken Olsen, a Computer Industry Pioneer 2011-02-14T17:38:21Z I’d open the back of the unit and look at the vacuum tubes. The Boss: From Rocketry to Surgery 2011-02-12T15:56:57Z Here was a substance emitting spontaneously and continually radiations similar to Röntgen rays, whereas ordinarily, Röntgen rays can be produced only in a vacuum tube with the expenditure of electrical energy. Woman in Science With an Introductory Chapter on Woman's Long Struggle for Things of the Mind 2011-01-12T03:00:29.853Z We cross these vacuum tubes with speeds equal to millions of miles per minute. Autobiography of an Electron Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion 2011-06-19T02:00:25.633Z According to circumstances, the colour of the light obtained from a Pl�cker vacuum tube changes “from red to a rich steel blue,” to use the words of Crookes, who first described the phenomenon. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 5 "Arculf" to "Armour, Philip" I have before me the vacuum tube shown by Fig. The Methods of Glass Blowing and of Working Silica in the Oxy-Gas Flame For the use of chemical and physical students The problem of ticket-passing becomes important and many mechanical carriers have been tried, culminating in the system which utilizes vacuum tubes. Cyclopedia of Telephony and Telegraphy, Vol. 2 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. Van's vacuum tubes lighted to full brilliancy, and a black spot appeared on the glowing surface just beneath them, a black spot that extended into a streak as the plane continued on its way. Astounding Stories, August, 1931 A great many of us were kept busy within vacuum tubes by other experimenters, but nothing very exciting happened. Autobiography of an Electron Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion 2011-06-19T02:00:25.633Z The glow obtained in vacuum tubes is highly characteristic, whether as seen directly or as analysed by the spectroscope. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 5 "Arculf" to "Armour, Philip" These are met with in barometers, spray arresters, and filter pumps, in condensers and some forms of vacuum tube. A Handbook of Laboratory Glass-Blowing Spun like a living tube through curtains of vacuum tube voltimeters, electronic power panels. The Victor Wires trailed through it from the glittering plate, which was the chamber's floor, and a curved spray-shaped projector overhead, to an intricately constructed apparatus studded with vacuum tubes. Astounding Stories, August, 1931 You have seen already that man can make us jump only a very short distance, even when he has cleared our path of the obstructing air, as he does in a vacuum tube. Autobiography of an Electron Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion 2011-06-19T02:00:25.633Z The black coloration upon the surface produced by this process, as also by the electric bombardment in a vacuum tube, appears to be due to a conversion of the surface film into graphite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" For an exercise in such a process of reconstruction we may well take an ordinary commercial vacuum tube, such as that shown by a, Fig. A Handbook of Laboratory Glass-Blowing If that were true a vacuum tube structure could eventually be devised to do anything a man could do. Human Error The vacuum tubes behind the switchboard glowed green; a bright white ray poured from the spray in the chamber, making the metal plate below a shimmering, almost molten thing. Astounding Stories, August, 1931 Man knew that this chemical screen could not produce light on its own account, and it became apparent that the vacuum tube must be sending some æther waves towards the chemical screen. Autobiography of an Electron Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion 2011-06-19T02:00:25.633Z Operated by the noise a vacuum tube generates because electrons are discrete particles, it gave random orders, weighted only by a preference to bring the ship's course back to the remembered target. Generals Help Themselves An interesting vacuum tube is made which has no electrodes, but contains a quantity of mercury. A Handbook of Laboratory Glass-Blowing Since shades have no mass worth mentioning, the long duct acts like a department store vacuum tube. Satan and the Comrades The air of the room vibrated to a strange energy when he closed a switch that lighted a dozen vacuum tubes in the apparatus that lined the wall. Astounding Stories, August, 1931 Some German physicists made a number of electrical experiments with vacuum tubes. Autobiography of an Electron Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion 2011-06-19T02:00:25.633Z Remember how he went to all the trouble of building a pentode vacuum tube for a job that could have been done by transistors. Anything You Can Do! The Moon man already was fussing with a gleaming machine, a machine with bristling appendages having metallic spheres on their ends, a machine in which dozens of vacuum tubes glowed suddenly. Astounding Stories of Super-Science, December 1930 I hope this clears up the questions in your mind for I want to get along to the vacuum tube. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son The box was made of crystal and inside it could be seen a number of vacuum tubes and coils of various designs. Astounding Stories, August, 1931 In a moment I was slammed breathlessly against the shattered remnants of a huge vacuum tube. Astounding Stories, May, 1931 He closed a switch that lighted another bank of vacuum tubes behind the control panel. Astounding Stories, March, 1931 She saw only an unanatomical array of vacuum tubes and electrical relays. Weak on Square Roots If the wire is in a vacuum tube, as it is in the case of the audion, they can’t get very far away. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son A dozen vacuum tubes lighted, and a murmur of throbbing energy came from a helix of shining metallic ribbon that topped the whole. Astounding Stories of Super-Science, November, 1930 Its twelve giant vacuum tubes glowed into life as he spoke. Astounding Stories of Super-Science, August 1930 The gasoline engine barked steadily and the vacuum tubes glowed green. The End of Time There were countless vacuum tubes and their controls, tiny motors belted to slotted disks that would spin when power was applied, and a double eyepiece. Wanderer of Infinity There are many different kinds of detectors but the vacuum tube is much to be preferred. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son The Röntgen rays are certain invisible rays resembling, in many respects, rays of light, which are set free when a high-pressure electric current is discharged through a vacuum tube. Little Masterpieces of Science: Invention and Discovery A row of huge vacuum tubes along the wall lighted to vivid brilliancy and a throbbing vibration filled the artificial air of the cabin. Astounding Stories of Super-Science July 1930 Jack placed a crooked vacuum tube near the child's head and clamped two flat electrodes on her temples. The End of Time As the rays emanate from a single point in the vacuum tube, and as they are not, like the sun's rays, approximately parallel, the shadows they cast are necessarily distorted. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The crystal detector gives us much the same sort of a current as does the vacuum tube detector of Fig. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son For they were closely paralleled by some earlier experiments of Wiedemann, in which the gaseous spectra of vacuum tubes were at once effaced on the introduction of metallic vapours. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition He pulled a small lever at the side of the tube and the vessel rocked to the energy that was released from those vacuum tubes. Astounding Stories of Super-Science July 1930 “Or, worse still, it might have broken our vacuum tubes,” added Jimmy, with a grin. The Radio Boys at the Sending Station Making Good in the Wireless Room Exposures every few days, of short duration and 4 to 10 inches distance, with medium vacuum tube. Essentials of Diseases of the Skin Including the Syphilodermata Arranged in the Form of Questions and Answers Prepared Especially for Students of Medicine First there was a vacuum tube oscillator which generated a small current of the desired frequency. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son On comparing its spectrum with that of an olefiant-gas "vacuum tube" rendered luminous by electricity, he found the agreement exact. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition “I shouldn’t wonder if in the next twenty or thirty years we shall be able, by means of appliances like this new power vacuum tube, to get our power from the ordinary lighting circuit.” The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery There’s a whole lot to learn about receiving and transmitting and detectors and generators and condensers and vacuum tubes and all that. The Radio Boys at the Sending Station Making Good in the Wireless Room Professor Judson, assistant in physics, talked on the “little bottles,” as the vacuum tubes are often called. Radio Boys Loyalty Bill Brown Listens In The positive is connected to the plate in the vacuum tube 45of the figure and so draws some of the electrons of the plate away from it. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son Everything seems right: battery, wires, vacuum tubes—all looking new and perfect.” In the Mahdi's Grasp “Those same vacuum tubes are being built 94 right now,” went on Bob enthusiastically. The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery If you do, the vacuum tube oscillates and becomes a small generator of high frequency current and in that way will interfere with other near-by stations. The Radio Boys at the Sending Station Making Good in the Wireless Room It is as easy to build a vacuum tube set as a crystal set and only a very little more expensive. Radio Boys Loyalty Bill Brown Listens In If you can, buy one which will work between the plate circuit of one vacuum tube and the grid circuit of another similar tube. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son Remember how he went to all the trouble of building a pentode vacuum tube for a job that could have been done by transistors he already had had a chance to get and didn't. Anything You Can Do ... Why, they say that this new power vacuum tube which handles fifty K. W. is not any larger than a desk drawer.” The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery You wanted to run one of your vacuum tube deals up to Fairbanks from Edmonton. Mercenary At the far end of the laboratory was a thick-legged table cluttered with lengths of wire, vacuum tubes, transistors, a soldering gun, a couple of meters, and the other various paraphernalia of an electronics workshop. Damned If You Don't Wherever the electrical effect is smaller than desired, or required for satisfactory transmission, vacuum tubes are used as amplifiers. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son He built up the elements of a vacuum tube such as is normally found only in a landing grid control room. The Pirates of Ersatz Since this book was written there has been produced in this country the most powerful vacuum tube in the world. The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery Vacuum Tube Transport wishes to lower costs and bring the consumers of Fairbanks better service through running a vacuum tube to that area. Mercenary At the far end there was a shower of sparks and a flash of flame as something furry plunged into a network of wires and vacuum tubes. I Was a Teen-Age Secret Weapon In transmitting and in receiving equipment two or more of these operations may be performed by the same vacuum tube as you will remember from our discussion of the regenerative circuit for receiving. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son It required the home-made vacuum tube to burn steadily when in use. The Pirates of Ersatz “But how can a magnet increase the sensitivity of a vacuum tube?” asked Jimmy, not yet wholly convinced. The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery The following notes on the production of vacuum tubes of the required quality may therefore be of use to those who desire to prepare their own apparatus. On Laboratory Arts Snap was tugging at a horizontal door-slide, like a trap in the tunnel floor, partly under the vacuum tube. Wandl the Invader For example, also, in any receiving set the vacuum tube which detects is usually amplifying. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son It had been noticed in 1869 that a strange colouring was caused when an electric charge was sent through a vacuum tube—the walls of the glass tube began to glow with a greenish phosphorescence. The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told So engrossed were the boys in the problem of the magnet and vacuum tube that they forgot all about Herb and his experiments. The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery It appears that flint glass is much more opaque to Roentgen's radiation than soda glass, and consequently the vacuum tubes require to be prepared from the latter material. On Laboratory Arts After another ten minutes in the vacuum tube, we reached our unknown destination. Wandl the Invader Another example of a vacuum tube performing simultaneously two different functions is illustrated in Fig. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son A vacuum tube is one from which nearly all the air has been pumped, although we can never completely empty the tube. The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told “If we could make some improvement upon the vacuum tube——” “Don’t wake him up, he is dreaming!” cried Herb. The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery A form of vacuum tube which has proved very successful in the author's hands is sketched in Fig. On Laboratory Arts Under the curving vacuum tube a little further along, we found shelter. Wandl the Invader At each of the amplifying stations, or “repeater stations,” as they are usually called, two vacuum tube amplifiers are used, one for each direction. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son They proved what Crookes had surmised about the radiations he discovered in his vacuum tube. The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told “Don’t you remember what Doctor Dale told us of the new power vacuum tube where one tube can take care of fifty K. W.?” The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery For directions as to the making of high vacuum tubes, see the section dealing with that matter. On Laboratory Arts We stood back against the great curving side of the postal vacuum tube. Wandl the Invader The conversation was made possible by the use of the vacuum tube and the bridge circuit. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son The residual gases in a vacuum tube are dense by comparison. The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told Inside was a complete radio receiving set, with vacuum tube detector and batteries in perfect working order. The Radio Boys Trailing a Voice or, Solving a Wireless Mystery I always look on a large U-tube with feelings of envy and admiration, which the complex trick work of an elaborate vacuum tube does not excite in the least. On Laboratory Arts You see, this vacuum tube does the business. Around the World in Ten Days We can say, therefore, that the internal resistance of the plate circuit of a vacuum tube can be changed by what we do to the grid. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son Over and above the necessities of trade, a few items of Terran manufacture—vacuum tubes, transistors, lenses for cameras and binoculars, liquors and finely forged small tools—are literally worth their weight in platinum. The Door Through Space Therefore, its average density must be like that of an attenuated gas in an electric vacuum tube. The New Heavens There are extra vacuum tubes, tuning-coils and the like, and plenty of all kinds of wire. Curlie Carson Listens In They were taken to the giant teakwood that Astro had seen, and Tom and Connel watched silently as the door opened, revealing the vacuum tube. The Revolt on Venus Sometimes we speak of the vacuum tube in the same words we would use in describing evaporation of a liquid. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son They had surreptitiously begun collecting parts for the communicator and were sorting them out on one of the bunks when Roger mentioned the necessity for the special vacuum tube. The Space Pioneers At one end of the scale we have the excessively tenuous nebulæ, the luminosity of which, mysterious in its origin, resembles the electric glow in our vacuum tubes. The New Heavens There were motors and projectors and over two thousand vacuum tubes, relays and electronic units. Space Tug They reached the workbench where Troy, a small man with powerful arms and shoulders, was working on a complicated array of wires and vacuum tubes. Sabotage in Space The secondary of this transformer is connected to the grid circuit of another vacuum tube, to the plate circuit of which is connected another transformer and the telephone receiver. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son "Say, Roger," suddenly asked Astro, "do you think you remember enough about that triple vacuum tube to draw me a blueprint?" The Space Pioneers Wireless telephony and transcontinental telephony with wires were both rendered possible by studies of the nature of the electric discharge in vacuum tubes. The New Heavens Many years ago Geissler, Crookes, and other scientists studied the spectra of gases excited to incandescence by the electric discharge in so-called vacuum tubes. Artificial Light Its Influence upon Civilization It is also identical with the cathode ray of the vacuum tube. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays The plate circuit of a vacuum tube will serve admirably. Letters of a Radio-Engineer to His Son So the windmills in the Crookes' vacuum tubes were supposed to be moved by the impact of electric atoms. Occult Chemistry Clairvoyant Observations on the Chemical Elements In it, 1 is an electromagnet energized by voice currents; its varying field varies an arc between the electrodes 2-2 and 3 in a vacuum tube. Cyclopedia of Telephony & Telegraphy Vol. 1 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. The electric spark, the arc, the electric discharge in a vacuum tube, and the flame are the means usually employed. Artificial Light Its Influence upon Civilization The parts thus corresponded to the windings of an induction coil, the vacuum tubes being the secondary and the tubes filled with the mercury the primary. Scientific American Supplement, No. 810, July 11, 1891 His success is, no doubt, largely due to the fact that for years he had been experimenting constantly with vacuum tubes similar to the Crookes tubes used in producing the cathode rays. McClure's Magazine, Vol. 6, No. 5, April, 1896 The cylinder thus formed is insulated by glass supports in the inside of a vacuum tube, for the purpose of preserving it from the disturbing influence of dark rays. Scientific American Supplement, No. 484, April 11, 1885 If it act so, then in a vacuum tube even of great length, and no matter how strong the current, self-induction could not assert itself to any appreciable degree. Experiments with Alternate Currents of High Potential and High Frequency With yttria in a vacuum tube, the point of maximum phosphorescence, as I have already pointed out, lies on the margin of the dark space. Scientific American Supplement, No. 795, March 28, 1891 Historical note: At least one real machine actually had a grind crank — the R1, a research machine built toward the end of the days of the great vacuum tube computers, in 1959. The Jargon File, Version 4.0.0, 24 Jul 1996 The Röntgen rays are certain invisible rays resembling, in many respects, rays of light, which are set free when a high pressure electric current is discharged through a vacuum tube. McClure's Magazine, Vol. 6, No. 5, April, 1896 While poking around at Eli's electronic junk shop one day, he chanced upon an electrical board precisely like the kind of board holding the clunky vacuum tubes which resided inside the IBM. Hackers, Heroes of the Computer Revolution Chapters 1 and 2 Historical note: At least one real machine actually had a grind crank —- the R1, a research machine built toward the end of the days of the great vacuum tube computers, in 1959. The Jargon File, Version 2.9.10, 01 Jul 1992 Finally, reference should be made to the phenomena of radioactivity, whether excited by the electric discharge in vacuum tubes, foreshadowed in part by Sir Wm. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 But these atoms were stopped by the glass wall of the vacuum tube; and when I tried the experiment with the metal removed from the vacuum, and surrounded with air, it failed utterly. The Moon Metal "Do you think that this electric light will become a vacuum tube for photographing, from the stomach, any part of the abdomen or thorax?" McClure's Magazine, Vol. 6, No. 5, April, 1896 The reason its computers were batch-processed Hulking Giants was only partially because of vacuum tube technology, The real reason was that IBM was a clumsy, hulking company which did not understand the hacking impulse. Hackers, Heroes of the Computer Revolution Chapters 1 and 2 Then they saw the transmitters that could shoot radio messages into space, and hung entranced over the moving pictures of what happens in a vacuum tube. The Radio Boys' First Wireless Or Winning the Ferberton Prize This did not take me long, and a minute later I had connected up the batteries, and the weak blue glare of the intertwining vacuum tubes shone all around us. Carnacki, the Ghost Finder That is a question which cannot be answered by means of the vacuum tube or the spectroscope. The Creative Process in the Individual The Operation of Rectifier Vacuum Tubes.—The vacuum tube rectifier is simply a two electrode vacuum tube. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The luminous phenomena are very similar to those seen when a current of electricity is passed through a vacuum tube. The Home of the Blizzard Being the Story of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911-1914 Of course, some of the more powerful ones with vacuum tubes and other high class improvements run into the hundreds of dollars. The Radio Boys' First Wireless Or Winning the Ferberton Prize Then I connected up the battery, and the next instant the pale blue glare from the intertwining vacuum tubes shone out. Carnacki, the Ghost Finder Thus the colour-polarity in its primal form, made manifest by the heavens, differs as much from the corresponding polarity shown by the vacuum tube, as does the lightning in the heights from the electric spark. Man or Matter Don't expect to get as good results with a crystal detector as with a vacuum tube detector. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book There is some prospect of the luminosity excited in a vacuum tube by the alternating currents from a dynamo or an induction coil becoming an illuminant. The Story of Electricity It may be that coal-owners are like the petit bleu arrangement, a system of vacuum tubes for whooshing Bradburys about from one to the other. Touch and Go Historical note: At least one real machine actually had a grind crank -- the R1, a research machine built toward the end of the days of the great vacuum tube computers, in 1959. The Jargon File, Version 4.2.2, 20 Aug 2000 KENOTRON.—The trade name of a vacuum tube rectifier made by the Radio Corporation of America. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't heat the filament of a vacuum tube to greater brilliancy than is necessary to secure the sensitiveness required. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't fail to adjust the B battery after putting in a fresh vacuum tube, as its sensitivity depends largely on the voltage. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't fail to keep the leads to the vacuum tube as short as possible. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book A Grid Leak Amplifying Receiving Set With Vacuum Tube Detector.—A better amplifying receiving set can be made than the one just described by using a vacuum tube detector instead of the crystal detector. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book As the magnetic modulator does the same thing a vacuum tube used as a modulator is not needed where the former is employed. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't expect to get results with a loud speaker when using a single vacuum tube. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book CURRENT, PLATE.—The current which flows between the filament and the plate of a vacuum tube. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Taken all in all the vacuum tube detector is the most sensitive and the most satisfactory of the detectors that are in use at the present time. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Three Electrode Vacuum Tube Detector.—The three electrode vacuum tube detector shown at A in Fig. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book In this and the next chapter we shall find out how vacuum tube telegraph transmitters are made and how they set up oscillations that are sustained and radiate waves that are continuous. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book RELAY, ELECTRON.—A vacuum tube when used as a detector or an amplifier. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book You can very often increase the sensitiveness of a vacuum tube after you have used it for a while by recharging the A or storage battery. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The vacuum tube amplifier and the grid leak are the only new pieces of apparatus you need and not described before. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Set the vacuum tube amplifier back of the rheostat and the A and B batteries back of the parts or in any other place that may be convenient. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book If you want to amplify the current with a vacuum tube amplifier connect in the terminals of the amplifier circuit shown at A in Figs. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book But in all of the transmitters described of whatever type or kind the same fundamental device is used for setting up sustained oscillations and this is the vacuum tube. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Then set the variable condenser in front of it, set the vacuum tube detector at the right hand end of the tuning coil and the rheostat in front of the detector. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book This is the reason the vacuum tube amplifies as well as detects. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book How the Three Electrode Tube Acts as a Detector.—The vacuum tube as a detector has been made very much more sensitive by the use of a third electrode shown in Fig. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The way a grid leak and vacuum tube detector with a one-step amplifier are connected up is shown at A in Fig. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book FILAMENT.—The wire in a vacuum tube that is heated to incandescence and which throws off electrons. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book This regenerative action of the battery current augments the original oscillations many times and hence produce sounds in the headphones that are many times greater than where the vacuum tube detector alone is used. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book You can, however, use 110 volt direct current from a lighting circuit as your initial source of power to energize the plate of the vacuum tube oscillator of your experimental transmitter. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The transmitter of a wireless telegraph set generally uses a spark gap for setting up the electric oscillations, while usually for wireless telephony a vacuum tube is employed for this purpose. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The receptor for wireless telegraphy and telephony is the same and may include either a crystal detector or a vacuum tube detector, as will be explained presently. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book AUDION.—An early trade name given to the vacuum tube detector. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The crystal detector is the cheapest and simplest, but it is not as sensitive as the vacuum tube detector and it requires frequent adjustment. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book A crystal detector can be used with or without a battery while the vacuum tube detector requires two small batteries. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book An electric arc or a vacuum tube sets up sustained oscillations, that is, oscillations which are continuous. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book As it is far easier to keep the oscillations going with a vacuum tube than it is with an arc the former means has all but supplanted the latter for wireless telephone transmitters. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book BATTERY, A.—The 6-volt storage battery used to heat the filament of a vacuum tube, detector or amplifier. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The resistance of a circuit to high frequency currents is generally found in the spark gap, arc gap, or the space between the electrodes of a vacuum tube. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book In assembling a receiving set you must, of course, have a socket for the vacuum tube. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The Separate Heterodyne Receiving Set.—The better way, however, is to use a separate vacuum tube for setting up the heterodyne oscillations. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book To use a loud speaker you should have a vacuum tube detector receiving set and this must be provided with a one-step amplifier at least. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book BATTERY, C.—A small dry cell battery sometimes used to give the grid of a vacuum tube detector a bias potential. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book To understand how a vacuum tube acts as a detector and as an amplifier you must first know what electrons are. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book With Two Electrodes.—A vacuum tube in its simplest form consists of a glass bulb like an incandescent lamp in which a wire filament and a metal plate are sealed as shown in Fig. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book When the vacuum tube is used as a detector, the wire filament is heated red-hot and the metal plate is charged with positive electricity though it remains cold. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book FEED-BACK ACTION.—Feeding back the oscillating currents in a vacuum tube to amplify its power. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't fail to protect your vacuum tubes from mechanical shocks and vibration. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Microphone.—A small transformer for modulating the oscillations set up by an arc or a vacuum tube oscillator. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Amplifying Modulator.—A vacuum tube used for modulating and amplifying the oscillations set up by the sending set. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Three Electrode.—A vacuum tube with three electrodes, namely a filament, a grid and a plate. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Two Electrode.—A vacuum tube with two electrodes, namely the filament and the plate. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't think you have to use a regenerative circuit, that is, one with a tickler coil, to receive with a vacuum tube detector. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book To understand how oscillations are set up by a vacuum tube when a direct current is applied to it, take a look at the simple circuits shown in Fig. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book MODULATION, PLATE.—Modulating the oscillations set up by a vacuum tube by varying the current impressed on the plate. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book In wireless it is used for changing commercial direct current into direct current of higher voltages for energizing the plate of a vacuum tube oscillator. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book RHEOSTAT, FILAMENT.—A variable resistance used for keeping the current of the storage battery which heats the filament of a vacuum tube at a constant voltage. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Gas Content.—A tube made like a vacuum tube and used as a detector but which contains an inert gas instead of being exhausted. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book SATURATION.—The maximum plate current that a vacuum tube will take. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't use a vacuum tube in a horizontal position unless it is made to be so used. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Power.—A transformer for stepping down a commercial alternating current for lighting and heating the filament and for stepping up the commercial a.c., for charging the plate of a vacuum tube oscillator. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Don't overload an oscillation vacuum tube as it will greatly shorten its life. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book VOLTAGE, PLATE.—The voltage of the current that is used to energize the plate of a vacuum tube. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book To discharge the condenser automatically a spark, or an arc, or the flow of electrons in a vacuum tube, is employed. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The B or dry cell battery for the vacuum tube plate circuit that gives 22-1/2 volts can be bought already assembled in sealed boxes. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The degree to which a vacuum tube has been exhausted has a very pronounced effect on its sensitivity. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book Amateurs generally use a jump-spark for sending wireless telegraph messages and the vacuum tube for sending wireless telephone messages. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book RECEPTOR, HETERODYNE.—A receiving set that uses a separate vacuum tube to set up the second series of waves for beat reception. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book |
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