| 单词 | tuberculin |
| 例句 | A positive tuberculin test means that the patient has been exposed to the bacteria and exhibits a cellular immune response to it. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The tuberculosis skin test requires an intradermal injection of liquid — 0.1 milliliter of a purified protein derivative called tuberculin — in the lower part of their arm, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. More than a dozen Indiana high school students hospitalized after mistakenly being injected with insulin 2019-10-01T04:00:00Z Notably, since 2005, there have been major disruptions in the supply of the TB drug isoniazid, as well as tuberculin, which is used to diagnose TB infection. There is no health crisis from immigrant children at the border First, to dismiss Koch’s tuberculin is simply incorrect: It is a substance that deserves immense respect. ‘The Remedy’: A 19th-Century Bid to Cure TB 2014-06-23T04:00:00Z They will also need to use the gamma interferon test for spotting TB infection, which is more sensitive than the standard tuberculin skin one. TB: Farmers face new cattle controls 2013-08-12T16:05:59Z The classical test for delayed hypersensitivity is the tuberculin test for tuberculosis, where bacterial proteins from M. tuberculosis are injected into the skin. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Cattle with bTB are most often identified through testing using the tuberculin skin test before they develop obvious signs of the disease. Q&A: TB in meat 2013-07-01T10:48:24Z It works on the same principle as the tuberculin test for tuberculosis. Being Well-Born An Introduction to Eugenics 2012-05-22T15:16:53.140Z Koch was smart enough to realize that tuberculin was powerful stuff, but a few decades too early to understand why. ‘The Remedy’: A 19th-Century Bid to Cure TB 2014-06-23T04:00:00Z A Berlin savant, assistant to Koch, has developed the use of tuberculin to such a point as to make it one of the most valuable remedies in tuberculosis. Quacks and Grafters 2012-02-23T03:00:40.650Z Animals inoculated with progressive doses of Avian tuberculin, or with serum of tuberculous animals, undergo wasting and loss of appetite, and other general symptoms. New, Old, and Forgotten Remedies: Papers by Many Writers 2012-02-05T03:00:10Z The interaction that takes place between antituberculin and tuberculin results in formation of ferments which digest albumin, resulting in the softening of tissue. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z Koch was able to extract from tubercle bacilli, a substance which he has called tuberculin. The Pros and Cons of Vivisection 2011-08-23T02:00:31.033Z Administered tuberculin will generally worsen patients’ symptoms, but it will indeed help a few, and in fact it was used as a last-ditch treatment for some dire forms of tuberculosis well into the 20th century. ‘The Remedy’: A 19th-Century Bid to Cure TB 2014-06-23T04:00:00Z Inspectors may subject any cattle showing symptoms of tuberculosis to the tuberculin test before allowing them to enter. Canada West 2011-03-03T03:00:58.087Z Koch's lymph, Bacillinum and Avian tuberculin must be studied separately, clinically as well as experimentally. New, Old, and Forgotten Remedies: Papers by Many Writers 2012-02-05T03:00:10Z Injected tuberculin unites with antibodies, thus setting the toxins free. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z At first he thought tuberculin cured the disease; but this was an error. The Pros and Cons of Vivisection 2011-08-23T02:00:31.033Z Latent TB refers to a chronic, but symptomless and non-contagious, infection with TB bacteria; it is detected through tuberculin skin testing. 2010-02-16T19:23:00Z I arrived at Bentford without any sentimental enthusiasms, my head being too full of rules for pruning and spraying, for cover crops, for tuberculin tests, for soil renewal. The Idyl of Twin Fires I gave her Avian tuberculin and in three weeks all the symptoms had disappeared. New, Old, and Forgotten Remedies: Papers by Many Writers 2012-02-05T03:00:10Z Focal reaction is an important feature of the subcutaneous tuberculin test; it permits localization of the disease in a certain percentage of cases. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z Subsequent experiments showed that tuberculin exercised quite a different action to that of healing. The Pros and Cons of Vivisection 2011-08-23T02:00:31.033Z Consideration should also be given to the treatment by injection of tuberculin. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 2 "Bohemia" to "Borgia, Francis" Only such cows shall be admitted to the herd as have not re-acted to a diagnostic injection of tuberculin. Outlines of dairy bacteriology A concise manual for the use of students in dairying My work," said Calvin Full, "consists of watching for unsanitary and unsterile practices, making tuberculin tests, and so forth. The Enormous Room Interpretation of the Positive Subcutaneous Tuberculin Reaction: Occurrence of reaction, following the subcutaneous tuberculin test, signifies the existence of infection; it does not signify that the individual is clinically tuberculous. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z If, therefore, tuberculin is injected into every animal in the cattle shed, we can feel sure—and this is impossible otherwise—that such or such animals are tuberculous or healthy. The Pros and Cons of Vivisection 2011-08-23T02:00:31.033Z Finally, it is to be noticed that tuberculin has been employed on a large scale in Denmark for years, and still the demand from farmers constantly increases. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle All cows shall be annually tested with tuberculin, and all re-acting animals shall be excluded from the herd. Outlines of dairy bacteriology A concise manual for the use of students in dairying In these foci then, by the destruction of the epithelioid cells brought about by the tuberculin, substances must have been produced which act chemiotactically on the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological To quote E. R. Baldwin, of Saranac Lake: "The tuberculin test is of very limited value in determining tuberculous disease; it is of extreme value in detecting tuberculous infection." Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z The tuberculin test, on which depends the determination of tuberculosis in cows, is so delicate that a very slight lesion is sufficient to cause a reaction. Rural Hygiene The ophthalmic tuberculin is placed in one eye and the other eye is used as a check. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Only such cows shall be admitted to the herd as have not re-acted to a diagnostic injection of tuberculin. Outlines of dairy bacteriology A concise manual for the use of students in dairying In quite isolated cases, an increase of the lymphocytes in the blood in consequence of the injection of tuberculin into tuberculous individuals has been seen. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological It is maintained by some that the subcutaneous tuberculin reaction is more rapid in onset and more marked in degree in cases of recent infection. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z The United States regulations allow such a carcass to be butchered and used for food after the cow has been condemned by the tuberculin test as a milk-producing animal. Rural Hygiene Probably the most popular objection to tuberculin is that it is too searching, since it discovers cases in which the lesions are small and obscure. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle All cows shall be tested annually with tuberculin, and all re-acting animals shall be excluded from the herd. Outlines of dairy bacteriology A concise manual for the use of students in dairying The eosinophilia observed as the result of tuberculin injections, we include, in agreement with Zappert, in the group of post-febrile leucocytosis. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological One tuberculin and one control test may suffice. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z In a tuberculous animal, even in the very earliest phases of the disease, tuberculin causes a temporary fever that lasts for a few hours. Outlines of Dairy Bacteriology, 8th edition A Concise Manual for the Use of Students in Dairying It is by no means our opinion that the disease has been stimulated or aggravated by the application of the tuberculin test. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle It is at this stage that the tuberculin test comes to the aid of the stockman. Outlines of dairy bacteriology A concise manual for the use of students in dairying The relation of bovine to human tuberculosis and the ocular tuberculin reaction receive extensive consideration. The Elements of Bacteriological Technique A Laboratory Guide for Medical, Dental, and Technical Students. Second Edition Rewritten and Enlarged. After each inoculation, clean the needle of tuberculin and heat the point red hot in the alcohol flame before applying it again. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z In such dairies the tuberculin test is used at regular intervals, and the herd inspected frequently by competent veterinarians. Outlines of Dairy Bacteriology, 8th edition A Concise Manual for the Use of Students in Dairying With tuberculous cattle it produces a fever of short duration, and in the great majority of cases all derangement of the system which it causes disappears within 48 hours after the tuberculin is administered. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The process of preparing tuberculin makes it absolutely free from danger, so far as liability of producing the disease, or in any way injuring the animal, is concerned. Outlines of dairy bacteriology A concise manual for the use of students in dairying A month later the tension rose to 28 mm., but for a year has continued normal; the eye did well under tuberculin treatment, and without any local treatment. Glaucoma A Symposium Presented at a Meeting of the Chicago Ophthalmological Society, November 17, 1913 A positive reaction in children under two years of age signifies, generally, active tuberculous process; with the advance of age the determination of active tuberculous processes by means of cutaneous tuberculin test becomes impossible. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z Those which appeared to be immune were kept in a thoroughly healthy, sanitary quarantine station for six months or a year, and again tested by tuberculin before being introduced into the cages. Preventable Diseases If an animal is tuberculous, the action of the tuberculin causes a fever, which is indicated by a rise in temperature. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Inside the eyelid is placed a drop of a solution—95 per cent alcohol and tuberculin. Civics and Health Among the most useful methods with children is the rubbing or scratching of a few drops of the toxin of the tubercle bacillus, tailed tuberculin, into the skin. A Handbook of Health Interpretation of Reaction: Wolff-Eisner maintains that positive conjunctival tuberculin reaction means active tuberculosis, a conclusion accepted by but a few. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z All animals purchased or donated were tested with tuberculin, and those that reacted were either painlessly destroyed or disposed of. Preventable Diseases When tuberculin produces a typical reaction we may be almost sure that there exists in the body of the animal a tubercular process. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle A recent medical writer, defding the experiments, points out that the tuberculin test could not convey the infection. An Ethical Problem Or, Sidelights upon Scientific Experimentation on Man and Animals For the use of tuberculin in diagnosis and for the vaccine treatment of tuberculosis the reader is referred to text-books on medicine. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Field of Application of Percutaneous Tuberculin Test: The percutaneous tuberculin test fails in a large proportion of tuberculosis cases. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z I need scarcely tell you that I gave myself copious injections of tuberculin and spat a considerable number of bacilli. Atlantis In answer to these questions it may be said that tuberculin is not absolutely infallible, and yet it is by far the best method of diagnosing tuberculosis that has been discovered. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle This is probably true; although the excuse of painlessness cannot be fairly put forward regarding the tuberculin experiments upon the eye. An Ethical Problem Or, Sidelights upon Scientific Experimentation on Man and Animals For extensive ulcers on the limbs, the chest wall, or on other covered parts, or when operative treatment is contra-indicated, the use of tuberculin and exposure to the Röntgen rays have proved beneficial. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Comparing the various tuberculin tests we find that: 1 The Subcutaneous Tuberculin Test has the advantage of focal reaction, disclosing in a certain percentage of cases the seat of the disease. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z If they run with the cattle of the farm a tuberculin test of all the cattle is none the less desirable. Pratt's Practical Pointers on the Care of Livestock and Poultry Testing animals with tuberculin is the process of introducing tuberculin into the animal and interpreting results according to well-known standards. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Only by experiments upon human beings, it is said, could the value of either the tuberculin test or the Noguchi emulsion be definitely determined. An Ethical Problem Or, Sidelights upon Scientific Experimentation on Man and Animals Much tuberculin and mallein have been furnished to State authorities for use in the agricultural colleges and experiment stations for the treatment of tuberculosis and glanders. A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents Volume 8, part 2: Grover Cleveland Positive cutaneous tuberculin reaction in adults indicates existence of a tuberculous process, somewhere in the body; it does not indicate that the process is active. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z Associated words: tubercular, tubercle, tuberculin, hectic, consumptive, pectoral. crime, n. Putnam's Word Book That the tuberculin test is a wonderfully accurate method of determining whether an animal is affected with tuberculosis. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Only such cows shall be admitted to the herd as have not reacted to a diagnostic injection of tuberculin and are in good physical condition. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 2: Milk, Butter and Cheese; Eggs; Vegetables In the intradermal test, a small quantity of a special tuberculin is injected into the deeper layer of the skin. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Negative cutaneous tuberculin reaction is one of the corroborative evidences of absence of tuberculosis, unless reaction is prevented by very advanced disease or tolerance to tuberculin established by tuberculin treatment. Nurses' Papers on Tuberculosis : read before the Nurses' Study Circle of the Dispensary Department, Chicago Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium 2011-11-25T03:00:11.053Z Perhaps youve forgotten also that you undertook to cure her with Koch's tuberculin. The Doctor's Dilemma The intradermic test is satisfactory also for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in swine and, when so used, the tuberculin is applied into the skin of the ear near its base. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle All cows shall be tested with tuberculin and all reacting animals shall be excluded from the herd. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 2: Milk, Butter and Cheese; Eggs; Vegetables The most practical method of disposing of dairy cows that react to the tuberculin test is to slaughter them. Common Diseases of Farm Animals The cases of abortion following the tuberculin test have not been numerous, even when cows were tested within a few weeks of the normal time of calving. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle At the present time there is ample evidence to show that tuberculin is the most reliable means of detecting tuberculosis in the living animal and that its use is not attended by any harmful aftereffects. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The introduction of the disease in this manner may be avoided by requiring a tuberculin test of all new animals admitted on the premises. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Tuberculin Test And Physical Condition: No tuberculin test required, but cows must be healthy as disclosed by physical examination made annually. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 2: Milk, Butter and Cheese; Eggs; Vegetables A source of infection is by unknowingly buying cows that have reacted to the tuberculin test. Common Diseases of Farm Animals A tuberculin test should be applied to all strange cattle before they are introduced into the herd, and those which show a reaction should be refused. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle It is incumbent upon all communities to have dairy cows examined and tested with tuberculin. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Finally, the number of apparent errors of the tuberculin test will be greatly diminished if a careful post-mortem examination is made, giving especial attention to the lymph glands. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Tuberculin Test And Physical Condition: No tuberculin test required, but cows must be healthy as disclosed by physical examination made annually. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 2: Milk, Butter and Cheese; Eggs; Vegetables The indiscriminate use and sale of tuberculin are largely responsible for the large number of reacting animals that have been placed on the open market. Common Diseases of Farm Animals This low percentage of failures being the case, cattle owners should welcome the tuberculin test, not only for their own interest but for the welfare of the public as well. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The returns from testing British cattle with tuberculin, supplied by the Royal Veterinary College, as stated in March, 1900, showed that among 15,392 animals tested 4,105, or 26 per cent, reacted. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Law has clearly stated the question when he says— Many stock owners still entertain an ignorant and unwarranted dread of the tuberculin test. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Tuberculin Test And Physical Condition: No tuberculin test required, but cows must be healthy as disclosed by physical examination made annually. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 2: Milk, Butter and Cheese; Eggs; Vegetables It is necessary to repeat the tuberculin test within six months, and later at twelve-months intervals, until none of the animals that remain in the herd react. Common Diseases of Farm Animals If tuberculosis is suspected as the cause of chronic bloating, a skilled veterinarian should make a diagnosis, using the tuberculin test if necessary. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle It has also been clearly demonstrated that tuberculin interferes in no way with the milking function in healthy cattle; neither in the quantity of milk nor in butter-fat value has any variation been detected. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The observation of a clear reaction to tuberculin is unequivocal; the animal is tuberculous. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle They were all finely bred animals, and of the very class which we have been told are most susceptible to the injurious effects of tuberculin. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle There are two methods of applying the tuberculin test. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Those who have had most experience with tuberculin have failed to observe any injurious effects following its use upon healthy cattle. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The official means of detecting tuberculosis in the living animal is the tuberculin test, which may be applied by three different methods—the subcutaneous, the intradermic, and the ophthalmic. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The best authorities admit, after studying many thousands of tests, that there are few, if any, mistakes made in condemning cattle which show a typical tuberculin reaction. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The most frequently used method of testing is the subcutaneous test, which consists in injecting the proper quantity of tuberculin underneath the skin into the subcutaneous tissue. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The subcutaneous test consists in injecting a certain quantity of tuberculin beneath the skin, and keeping a record of the body temperature of the animal between the eighth and eighteenth hours following the injection. Common Diseases of Farm Animals The results of the tuberculin test were confirmed by the slaughter of the animals and examination of the carcasses. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The tuberculin test came into existence through the most careful and thorough scientific experimentation. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle This being the case, it should not be necessary to force the tuberculin test upon owners. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle In addition, a satisfactory tuberculin must be used; also an accurate thermometer and a reliable syringe, in order that a sufficient dose of tuberculin may be given. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The technical instruction committee set aside �250 to be used by a joint committee from the agricultural and horticultural schools and Worleson Dairy Institute for applying the tuberculin test to their herds. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The tuberculin test, which is marvelously accurate in its indications, has been almost universally adopted for the detection of tuberculosis. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle A worse aspect of the case is that there are some diseased animals in which tuberculin fails to discover the existence of tuberculosis. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Furthermore, in view of the results revealed by numerous tests covering vast numbers of animals, tuberculin must be considered as harmless for healthy animals. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle I then stated my suspicion that perhaps the tuberculin injection had some connection with this, just as is often supposed to be the case in human practice. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Dissection gives the best explanation of this question, but a clinical observation, continued for years, of a herd tested with tuberculin can render very essential aid. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The tuberculin does not contain the tubercle bacillus, and it is absolutely certain that it is impossible to produce a case of tuberculosis in an animal unless the tubercle bacilli are present. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Both the cattle and the hogs had been tested with tuberculin and found to be free from tuberculosis before the inoculations were made. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle There appear to have been a very few cases in which the disease was aggravated, and a greater number in which it was benefited by the injection of tuberculin. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The use of tuberculin, therefore, certainly can never produce the disease in the inoculated animal. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle |
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