| 单词 | toluene |
| 例句 | All petroleum solvents are hazardous, although naphtha and odorless mineral spirits are less so than some others, including toluene and xylene. How to remove wax buildup from wood 2016-02-12T05:00:00Z Known for its textured, upright, swordlike leaves, the potted plant also filters formaldehyde, xylene and toluene. These five plants don’t just look good — they improve your health, too 2016-11-07T05:00:00Z With its lance-shaped leaves and striking white blossoms, these shade-loving evergreen plants will brighten any home or office while also ridding the air of acetone, ammonia, benzene, formaldehyde, trichloroethylene, xylene and toluene. These five plants don’t just look good — they improve your health, too 2016-11-07T05:00:00Z A: Most petroleum distillates — a category that includes toluene, mineral spirits and naphtha — dissolve wax. How to remove wax buildup from wood 2016-02-12T05:00:00Z The easy-to-grow plant, known for its large, glossy green leaves, also absorbs toxins such as formaldehyde, xylene and toluene from the air. These five plants don’t just look good — they improve your health, too 2016-11-07T05:00:00Z In waxes that are not so pure, semi-volatile and volatile organic compounds like toluene, contained within the wax, can be released with burning. Scented candles may be cozy—but are they polluting your home’s air? 2023-09-27T04:00:00Z The EPA said at the time that the plant generated hazardous waste including toluene, methylene chloride, acetone and methanol. Worker killed in Massachusetts pharmaceutical plant blast 2023-05-04T04:00:00Z Wells emit a volatile miasma of cancer-causing hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, and their wastewater can contaminate underground water tables relied on by neighbors for household supplies. Column: Oil and gas drillers mobilize to kill a key California environmental rule 2022-12-15T05:00:00Z The chemicals, which can include compounds like benzene, ethylene, toluene and formaldehyde, are removed from natural gas during the liquefaction process and can cause a range of health effects from eye irritation to cancer. Texas repeatedly raises pollution limits for Cheniere LNG plant 2022-06-24T04:00:00Z Carcinogenic chemicals like benzene and toluene as well as other hydrocarbons have been detected within a half a kilometer of the facility. Study: Toxic fracking waste is leaking into California groundwater 2021-10-28T04:00:00Z He added that there was "no evidence" of carcinogenic chemicals officials had worried about, including benzene and toluene, both of which can be found in fuel. Canadian Arctic city confirms 'exceedingly high levels' of fuel in water supply 2021-10-15T04:00:00Z County officials say the fire involved such toxic chemicals as toluene, xylene, triethanolamine and monoethanolaminealcohol, but air monitors detected no unsafe air pollution levels. Firefighters battle Houston-area chemical fire for hours 2021-04-07T04:00:00Z The fire upstairs, he determined, was started using a liquid accelerant that contained toluene, a component that was found in one of 12 samples he collected. A flawed investigation left Jason Lively behind bars for 14 years for a fire he didn’t set. He’s not alone. 2020-10-21T04:00:00Z These, as well as methylene chloride, styrene, toluene and vinyl chloride exceeded longer-term regulated exposure limits. Wildfires Can Poison Drinking Water—Here’s How Communities Can Better Prepare 2020-08-03T04:00:00Z One of the worst of these is toluene, a petrol additive and potent nerve toxin, according to former Orange County legislator Tom Pahucki. 'It was like a movie': the high school students who uncovered a toxic waste scandal 2020-02-01T05:00:00Z Another study conducted that year in Michigan found concentrations of toluene at over 100 parts per billion, which is roughly 30 times higher than reported urban outdoor levels. Nail salon workers suffer chemical exposures that can be like working at a garage or a refinery 2019-11-24T05:00:00Z Carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, toluene, and naptha were among the toxic chemicals detected near the facility. The Saudi oil attack isn’t just an economic issue — it’s environmental 2019-09-24T04:00:00Z Neither charcoal lighter fluid nor gasoline contain toluene as a single component, Jackson wrote. A flawed investigation left Jason Lively behind bars for 14 years for a fire he didn’t set. He’s not alone. 2020-10-21T04:00:00Z He will not grow up to work in a nail salon, asthmatic from the toluene and formaldehyde fumes. Ocean Vuong’s Life Sentences 2019-06-03T04:00:00Z The seven were exposed to toluene, xylene, naphtha and benzene “causing them severe injuries and damages,” according to the lawsuit. U.S. investigators to begin hunt for cause of Texas petrochemical... 2019-04-01T04:00:00Z And, while certain of them, such as benzene and toluene, are known to be harmful when inhaled, for the most part their health effects have not been studied. The Hidden Air Pollution in Our Homes 2019-04-01T04:00:00Z The toxic mixture includes carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, toluene, and naphtha. Air pollution from Harvey was bad. This Houston petrochemical fire is worse 2019-03-22T04:00:00Z The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality estimated that on the first day of the fire, 6.2 million pounds of carbon monoxide and thousands of pounds of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and toluene were released. Residents told to shelter in place after Texas petrochemical plant... 2019-03-21T04:00:00Z State regulator Texas Commission on Environmental Quality estimated that on the first day of the fire 6.2 million pounds of carbon monoxide and thousands of pounds of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and toluene were released. Mitsui petrochemical unit probed after Texas fire rages for days 2019-03-20T04:00:00Z A: Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health tested dozens of locations for benzene, Naphtha, toluene and Xylene, as well as volatile organic compounds and microscopic particles. Officials: Air is safe near Houston-area petrochemical fire 2019-03-19T04:00:00Z Venting can release a variety of pollutants into the air, including volatile organic compounds like ethylbenzene, a possible carcinogen, and toluene, a neurotoxin that may result in birth defects. President Trump’s Retreat on the Environment Is Affecting Communities Across America 2018-12-26T05:00:00Z The site is contaminated with toluene, acetone, cadmium and arsenic. Toxic waste sites in Florence’s path under close watch 2018-09-15T04:00:00Z Four markers were sent to the laboratory, and two dry-erase ones tested positive for a group of compounds often found in petroleum products and known as B.T.E.X.: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene. Asbestos in a Crayon, Benzene in a Marker: A School Supply Study’s Toxic Results 2018-08-08T04:00:00Z Sediment from Jewel Lake in Berkeley, California, contains bacteria that produce the hydrocarbon toluene. Sewage microbes make a fuel booster 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z A more likely explanation, though, is that the production of toluene creates energy for the single-celled microbe. In 1986, scientists found fuel-producing bacteria at the bottom of a Swiss lake. Now, they know how it works 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z Condensate is comparable to kerosene or jet fuel, containing 9-14 chain carbon molecules primarily and other aromatic compounds like benzene and toluene. A Nearly Invisible Oil Spill Threatens Some of Asia’s Richest Fisheries 2018-02-12T05:00:00Z The 25 tonnes of waste, in poorly sealed barrels containing various chemicals including benzene and toluene, was found in a privately-owned storage area in the Obrenovac municipality, around 50 kilometers southwest of Belgrade. Serbian authorities uncover 25 tonnes of illegally stored toxic waste 2017-12-29T05:00:00Z Products are scented with essential oils, and the usual harsh components of nail care — toluene, parabens and formaldehyde — are nowhere to be found. Stone Island offers its cult menswear at new L.A. store; beauty brand Charlotte Tilbury pops up at the Grove 2017-12-22T05:00:00Z The enzymes might one day be used to convert plant-based sugars into toluene to replace some of the 26 million tonnes produced from petroleum each year. Sewage microbes make a fuel booster 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z Because the production of toluene effectively pumps protons into the cell, Beller suspects the same energy-producing system might also be able to run in reverse. In 1986, scientists found fuel-producing bacteria at the bottom of a Swiss lake. Now, they know how it works 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z The monitors — likely to include optical remote sensing devices and other new technologies — will measure 15 refinery pollutants, including smog-forming gases and toxic compounds like benzene, toluene and hydrogen cyanide. Southern California oil refineries ordered to monitor, publicize neighborhood air quality – LA Times 2017-12-01T05:00:00Z The 25 tonnes of waste, in poorly sealed barrels containing various chemicals including benzene and toluene, was found in a privately-owned storage area in the Obrenovac municipality, around 50 kilometers southwest of Belgrade. Serbian authorities uncover 25 tonnes of illegally stored toxic waste 2017-12-29T05:00:00Z It releases certain harmful chemicals - such as benzene and toluene. Is crude oil killing children in Nigeria? 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z Studies have shown that toxic pollutants like benzene and toluene from spills and contaminated soil can permeate certain types of plastic pipes as they age. $300 Billion War Beneath the Street: Fighting to Replace America’s Water Pipes 2017-11-10T05:00:00Z But because toluene derived from oil is cheap, even perfectly functioning bugs may not find much of a market. In 1986, scientists found fuel-producing bacteria at the bottom of a Swiss lake. Now, they know how it works 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z A compound called toluene, used to manufacture solvents, is particularly instrumental in producing fine dust and ozone, the KORUS-AQ study found. South Korea cracks down on dirty air 2017-10-02T04:00:00Z The Coast Guard filings also showed some 365 tons of toxic chemicals like sulfur dioxide, ammonia, toluene, benzene, and carbon monoxide escaped from facilities during the storm. Oil and chemical spills from Hurricane Harvey big, but dwarfed by Katrina 2017-09-15T04:00:00Z Emissions have surpassed permitted levels. Some of the chemicals that have been emitted include benzene, 1,3-butadiene, hexane, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, toluene and xylene. Analysis | The Energy 202: EPA takes page from Trump media playbook 2017-09-05T04:00:00Z The chemicals released in the week after Harvey made landfall, including benzene, 1,3-butadiene, hexane, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, toluene and xylene. Chemical companies have already released 1 million pounds of extra air pollutants, thanks to Harvey 2017-09-04T04:00:00Z Thirty-two years ago, microbiologists in Switzerland stumbled on a mystery deep in the muck of Lake Zurich: a bacterium that naturally produced a component of gasoline called toluene. In 1986, scientists found fuel-producing bacteria at the bottom of a Swiss lake. Now, they know how it works 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z Nail technicians frequently work with harmful chemicals the collaborative calls the “toxic trio” — dibutyl phthalate, toluene and formaldehyde — all linked to a range of serious health hazards, from cancers to respiratory, neurological and reproductive dangers. Hard as nails: Battling toxic chemicals and low wages in California’s salons 2017-09-04T04:00:00Z The Coast Guard filings also showed some 365 tons of toxic chemicals like sulfur dioxide, ammonia, toluene, benzene, and carbon monoxide escaped from facilities during the storm. Oil and chemical spills from Hurricane Harvey big, but dwarfed by Katrina 2017-09-15T04:00:00Z It is contaminated with benzene and toluene, both hazardous materials, said Tim Ratsep, a program administrator for Delaware’s Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, which is cleaning the site. Putting Delaware’s Protected Coast Back to Work 2017-06-27T04:00:00Z Chronic exposure to toluene, used to produce benzene, can lead to upper respiratory tract irritation, dizziness, sore throat and headaches. Health Effects of Oil and Gas Emissions Investigated in Texas 2017-06-12T04:00:00Z Back at the lab, they found that Jüttner’s words were prescient: The lake sample registered traces of toluene. In 1986, scientists found fuel-producing bacteria at the bottom of a Swiss lake. Now, they know how it works 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z Using a “smoke machine” that burns toluene, Mr. Elick has trained 55 police officers to discern smoke opacity: Zero percent opacity is clear air; 100 percent opacity lets no light through. ‘Rolling Coal’ in Diesel Trucks, to Rebel and Provoke 2016-09-04T04:00:00Z The supply chains of many polymers, plastics, fibres, solvents and fuel additives depend on benzene, a cyclic hydrocarbon, as well as on its derivatives such as toluene, ethylbenzene and the xylene isomers. Seven chemical separations to change the world 2016-04-25T04:00:00Z Other toxic gases — toluene, xylene, hexane and hydrogen sulfides — were also detected at higher-than-normal concentrations. The Invisible Catastrophe 2016-03-31T04:00:00Z An EPA statement says contaminants on the site included benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and naphthalene. EPA: Cleanup work done at Superfund site in Gulfport 2016-03-29T04:00:00Z The EPA says contaminants on the site included benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and naphthalene. Officials say EPA Superfund site cleaned up, ready for use 2016-03-29T04:00:00Z In 1990, a furniture salesman was convicted of dumping entire drums of methylene chloride, toluene and xylene, lead and other chemicals onto his property on the banks of the river. How the Flint River got so toxic 2016-02-26T05:00:00Z These included benzene, toluene and xylenes, which have been linked to health impacts from long-term exposure. California methane leak 'largest in US history' - BBC News 2016-02-26T05:00:00Z But the gas also contains toxic air pollutants, including benzene and toluene. Benzene risk from Porter Ranch gas leak is the same as rest of region, study finds 2016-01-15T05:00:00Z Landfills also emit such toxic gasses as benzene, toluene and vinyl chloride. EPA tightens standards for landfills to reduce emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas 2015-08-14T04:00:00Z The logistics company, Ruihai International Logistics, handled chemicals ranging from flammable gases and liquids including compressed natural gas and ethyl acetate to toxic chemicals like sodium cyanide and toluene diisocyanate. Firefighter rescued from blast zone in China's Tianjin port as death toll reaches 50 2015-08-14T04:00:00Z Authorities said the blasts started at the warehouse owned by Ruihai Logistics, a company that says it stores hazardous materials including flammable petrochemicals, sodium cyanide and toluene diisocyanate. Crews assess damage from blasts at Chinese port 2015-08-13T04:00:00Z The chemicals stored there include sodium cyanide, toluene diisocyanate and calcium carbide, all of which can be harmful to humans, according to the Tianjin Fire Department. 'Mama, save me, I can't bear it': A firefighter's cry in China's inferno 2015-08-13T04:00:00Z The warehouse that exploded is owned by a company called Ruihai Logistics which handles toxic chemicals including sodium cyanide and toluene diisocyanate, according to reports. China explosions: Chemical specialists sent to Tianjin - BBC News 2015-08-13T04:00:00Z Authorities said the blasts started at shipping containers at the warehouse owned by Ruihai Logistics, a company that says it stores hazardous materials including flammable petrochemicals, sodium cyanide and toluene diisocyanate. At least 50 dead, hundreds injured in huge warehouse blasts in Chinese port of Tianjin 2015-08-13T04:00:00Z It said that sodium cyanide, a compound used in mining, is especially toxic, while toluene diisocyanate, used in the making of polyurethane products, is a known carcinogen and highly explosive. Tianjin Explosions Leave Warehouse District a Smoky Ruin 2015-08-13T04:00:00Z Starting immediately, manicurists must also wear special gloves when applying substances deemed hazardous, including those with the ingredients of most concern, according to health experts: dibutyl phthalate, toluene and formaldehyde. Cuomo to Offer 2 Measures to Improve Conditions in the Nail Salon Industry 2015-05-17T04:00:00Z California, however, has set its own limit at 10 parts toluene per million for the same period. These 4 Chemicals May Pose the Most Risk for Nail Salon Workers 2015-05-12T04:00:00Z The study, based on a small sample of products from Bay Area distributors, focused on three chemicals known as the "toxic trio": formaldehyde, toluene and dibutyl phthalate. Are California nail salons safe for workers? 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z In scientific circles, the three chemicals in nail products that are associated with the most serious health issues are dibutyl phthalate, toluene and formaldehyde. Perfect Nails, Poisoned Workers 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z According to the Tianjin Tanggu Environmental Monitoring Station, the company stored a collection of toxic industrial chemicals, including sodium cyanide, toluene diisocyanate and calcium carbide. Tianjin Explosions Leave Warehouse District a Smoky Ruin 2015-08-13T04:00:00Z The chemicals—benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene—are ubiquitous: in the air outside and in many products inside homes and businesses. Scientists warn of hormone impacts from benzene, xylene, other common solvents. 2015-04-15T04:00:00Z But it can contain benzene, toluene and other organic compounds, along with heavy metals such as arsenic, mercury and lead, plus varying levels of radiation. Questions and answers about oil and gas wastewater spills 2015-01-21T05:00:00Z Union Pacific spokesman Mark Davis says one car contained toluene, an organic solvent. Nobody hurt when 3 freight train cars derail near Sacramento 2015-01-06T05:00:00Z Methane and other pollutants, like benzene and toluene, that are released from oil and gas operations absorb infrared radiation at certain wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum. Two Ways Infrared Cameras Have Boosted the Case for E.P.A. Rules Cutting Methane Leaks 2015-01-05T05:00:00Z The toxins include volatile organic compounds like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and formaldehyde, as well as heavy metals like cadmium and lead and certain naturally occurring radioactive materials. Fracking Linked to Infertility, Miscarriages, Birth Defects 2014-12-05T05:00:00Z The oil field fugitives aren’t people, of course, but gases — methane, benzene, toluene, xylene and other volatile organic compounds. Mystery of Oil Field Fugitives Closer to Being Solved 2014-11-03T05:00:00Z During the course of the work, Petron and her team of researchers discovered “out of this world” levels of benzene and toluene coming from small ponds of untreated wastewater near the well sites. Fracking Sludge in Open Pits Goes Unmonitored As Health Worries Mount 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z Some of these are potentially dangerous, depending on their concentrations, such as the cancer-causing toluene and ethylbenzene; however, such levels were not provided. A New Study Clarifies Treatment Needs for Water from Fracked Gas and Oil Wells 2014-09-08T04:00:00Z The fluids contained chemicals such as benzene, toluene, barium and chlorides. Prosecutors seek 3-year sentence in fracking case 2014-07-30T04:00:00Z These background odors included two common vehicle-exhaust pollutants, xylene and toluene, at concentrations ranging from extremely high and unrealistic to those that would occur in suburban and urban neighborhoods. Your car might be screwing with pollination 2014-06-26T04:00:00Z The question alluded to the use of the Draize test, which involved dripping substances such as toluene into rabbits’ eyes, causing pain and sometimes blindness. Beauty and the Beasts: The U.S. Should Ban Testing Cosmetics on Animals 2014-05-28T04:00:00Z The inspector took an air sample that disclosed trace amounts of benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene, but in concentrations below levels Texas considers a health hazard. Fracking Sludge in Open Pits Goes Unmonitored As Health Worries Mount 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z These nail polish that contains toluene, carpet adhesive with formaldehyde, and florescent light bulbs with mercury. Washing the Formaldehyde Out of Baby Shampoo 2013-10-17T17:55:47Z These facilities, which compress natural gas for pipeline transport, emit known carcinogens and toxins like benzene and toluene. Fracking ourselves to death in Pennsylvania 2013-05-02T14:21:00Z Benzene, toluene, and other components of coal tar were colorless because they absorbed ultraviolet light undetectable by the human eye. Dye Me a River: How a Revolutionary Textile Coloring Compound Tainted a Waterway [Excerpt] 2013-03-22T14:15:00.380Z The rest is an array of chemicals, such as toluene, hydrocyanide, ammonia, sulfuric acid and ethylbenzene, that can have respiratory or neurological effects. Pollution Poverty and People of Color: Living with Industry 2012-06-04T15:45:07.133Z It is excreted when many aromatic compounds, such as benzoic acid and toluene, are taken internally. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 5 "Hinduism" to "Home, Earls of" 2012-03-25T02:00:05.717Z Their tests results showed they had small amounts of heavy metals like arsenic and industrial solvents like benzene and toluene in their blood. The Fracturing of Pennsylvania 2011-11-18T23:20:16Z The results came back showing high levels of benzene, toluene and arsenic. Science Lags as Health Problems Emerge Near Natural Gas Fields 2011-09-19T15:15:09.427Z In fact, benzene, toluene, ethylbenze and the various xylenes were the most abundant larger hydrocarbons, at concentrations of 78 micrograms per liter, which formed from that deepwater plume at roughly 1,100 meters. What Was in the Oil Spilled during BP's Gulf of Mexico Disaster? 2011-07-20T21:45:22.413Z Chevron's research site, Chevron Technology Center, reported more than 6,000 pounds of N-hexane and toluene, solvents that can affect the nervous system. Pollution Poverty and People of Color: Living with Industry 2012-06-04T15:45:07.133Z These aromatic hydrocarbons can then be blended to yield a fuel that can be used in high-performance cars, for instance, as these require a high percentage of toluene. Fuel options: The ideal biofuel 2011-06-22T21:50:40.910Z Later, test results of the area commissioned by Range Resources revealed the presence of acetone, toluene, benzene, phenol, arsenic, barium, heavy metals and methane. The Fracturing of Pennsylvania 2011-11-18T23:20:16Z The oil itself sports an array of so-called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons—benzene, toluene and the like, which are known to cause cancer. How Did the BP Oil Spill Affect Gulf Coast Wildlife? [Slide Show] 2011-04-20T16:45:05.277Z The state Department of Environmental Management said air-quality testing found low levels of the solvent toluene at the plant but not in the surrounding residential neighborhood. Investigators working to determine cause of Mass. chemical plant blast that injured 4 2011-03-14T23:33:01Z In addition to functioning as a solvent, the aromatic hydrocarbon toluene is a raw material for synthesis of a variety of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agrichemicals. This Week in Science 2011-01-13T19:25:00.650Z The biomass is ground up and rapidly heated, and the resultant vapours flow through zeolites, which convert the vapours to benzene, toluene and xylene. Fuel options: The ideal biofuel 2011-06-22T21:50:40.910Z Subsequently, the benzene and toluene levels in each of her children’s urine dropped precipitously. The Fracturing of Pennsylvania 2011-11-18T23:20:16Z The production of ink for printing releases a number of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere, including hexane, toluene and xylene, which contribute to smog and asthma. iPads and Kindles are better for the environment than books 2010-08-24T04:00:00Z The mass spectrometer detected chemicals found in hydrocarbons, like benzene and toluene — the signature of an oil spill. Oil in the Gulf: There's More Than We Thought 2010-08-19T22:40:00Z Overall, the researchers found that higher levels of metabolites from two VOCs -- toluene and xylene -- were related to poorer lung function. Indoor chemicals may affect elderly's lung function 2010-04-09T17:15:00Z Among the compounds associated with the carbolic acid are certain phenols of higher boiling-point, which bear the same relationship to carbolic acid that toluene bears to benzene. Coal and What We Get from It For Haney, who continues to return to the farm to feed the animals every evening, the benzene and toluene levels remain higher. The Fracturing of Pennsylvania 2011-11-18T23:20:16Z The pure substances are best obtained by fusion of the corresponding toluene sulphonic acids with potash. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" A similar contradiction apparently exists with regard to the specific volume, for while benzene has a specific volume corresponding to Claus’ formula, toluene, or methylbenzene, rather points to Kekul�’s. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" It may be diluted with benzene or toluene. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 2 "Demijohn" to "Destructor" Other dyes derived directly or indirectly from phenol will take us back once again to toluene. Coal and What We Get from It I picked out the pungent, aromatic odor of toluene and the hospital smell of diethyl ether, and I thought I could detect the heavy odor of lauryl alcohol. The Professional Approach The principal hydrocarbons obtained from the coal tar are benzene, toluene, naphthalene, and anthracene. An Elementary Study of Chemistry It only remains to be said that for making Magenta, pure aniline will not do, what is used being a mixture of aniline, with an aniline a step higher, prepared from toluene. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association It is possible to start from benzene, toluene or naphthalene. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries Thus toluene contains one atom of carbon and two atoms of hydrogen more than benzene. Coal and What We Get from It And in the same way the cresol first breaks down to toluene in the presence of the carbon, and this in turn is broken down by the heat to benzene. Scientific American Supplement, No. 794, March 21, 1891 Among the compounds present are the hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, and anthracene. An Elementary Study of Chemistry The valuable constituents actually extracted are then these: benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, anthracene, and phenol or carbolic acid. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association It is made from carbolic acid and the famous trinitrotoluene is made from toluene, both of which you will find in the list of the ten fundamental "crudes." Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries Already we see that benzene, toluene, solvent naphtha, and burning naphtha are separated from them. Coal and What We Get from It Tri-nitro-toluene is formed by the action of nitric acid on toluene. Nitro-Explosives: A Practical Treatise Other products of the same light oils are toluene and xylene. The Story of a Piece of Coal What It Is, Whence It Comes, and Whither It Goes An important oxidation synthesis of aromatic acids is from hydrocarbons with aliphatic side chains; thus toluene, or methylbenzene, yields benzoic acid, the xylenes, or dimethyl-benzene, yield methyl-benzoic acids and phthalic acids. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 Besides a cymene and a toluene, which have already been shown to exist in rosin spirit, metaxylene was found to be present. Scientific American Supplement, No. 275, April 9, 1881 The actual quantity of benzene in tar is a little over one per cent. by weight, and of toluene there is somewhat less. Coal and What We Get from It In the meantime a second conical flask containing 1250 cc. of toluene is attached to the funnel, and a new charge of 150 g. of crude methyl red is placed in the paper. Organic Syntheses In one operation, therefore, setting out from toluene, we make these two natural products, the aldehyde and acid, which are easily separable by technical processes. Coal and What We Get from It Let it be recorded here that these two compounds are to be added to the list of valuable products obtained from benzene and toluene. Coal and What We Get from It Going back for a moment to the hydrocarbons obtained from light oil, it will be remembered that benzene and toluene have thus far been considered as the only ones of importance to the colour-maker. Coal and What We Get from It Now let us consider some of the transformations which benzene and toluene undergo in the hands of the manufacturing chemist. Coal and What We Get from It The crystals of methyl red are filtered off and washed with a little toluene. Organic Syntheses Until the discovery embodied in the patent specification of 1878, the portions of the light oil boiling above toluene were of no value in the colour industry. Coal and What We Get from It Benzene and toluene are related to each other in a way which chemists describe by saying that they are “homologous.” Coal and What We Get from It Thus the artificial production of bitter-almond oil from toluene has already been explained. Coal and What We Get from It Benzene and toluene again form the points of departure. Coal and What We Get from It The mother liquors are concentrated to one-fourth of their volume, and the crystals which separate on cooling are recrystallized from fresh toluene. Organic Syntheses Methyl red is described as crystallizing in needles from glacial acetic acid; on recrystallization from toluene it separates in plates. Organic Syntheses When the methyl red is crystallized from toluene, it sometimes separates in the form of bright-red lumps, probably on account of too rapid crystallization. Organic Syntheses Under these conditions it is advisable to crystallize again, using a somewhat larger amount of toluene. Organic Syntheses By the action of chlorine upon the vapour of boiling toluene there are obtained, according to the extent of the action of the chlorine, three liquids of use to the colour manufacturer. Coal and What We Get from It The recovered toluene can, of course, be employed again. Organic Syntheses |
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