| 单词 | thymus |
| 例句 | It's regulated by cells and organs in our body, such as the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Colds, flu and COVID: How diet and lifestyle can boost your immune system 2023-01-16T05:00:00Z This same grandfather, a doctor, thought X-ray machines had curative powers and accidentally killed Ms. Stern’s mother, who he believed had an enlarged thymus. Books of The Times: Jessica Stern?s ?Denial? Returns to a Dark Past 2010-06-24T20:41:00Z “I won’t lie to you,” says the colonel in charge of a hidden military installation where hush-hush medical research on the thymus gland is being conducted. Books of The Times: Life After Apocalypse in Justin Cronin?s ?Passage? 2010-06-06T21:22:00Z Thyroid gland vs. thymus gland The thyroid gland is located in the neck and is in the shape of a butterfly. Do you know the difference between ‘aargh’ and ‘aaugh’? 2015-09-25T04:00:00Z He found “no noxious agent that did not produce the syndrome” of responses in the adrenal glands, thymus, spleen and white blood cells. Is there too much stress on stress? 2016-02-14T05:00:00Z Typical T cells need a few days to develop in the thymus and only adapt to fighting new threats after leaving the thymus -- and after several days of stimulation from a pathogen. A closer look at rebel T cells 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z Fish also sport some of the same immune organs, including the thymus and spleen. Why don’t fish have tonsils? They have a good alternative, study suggests 2023-10-31T04:00:00Z A pig thymus gland—a source of immune cells—was also transplanted to help reduce the risk of immune rejection. No One Should Die Waiting for an Organ Transplant. These Doctors Want to Ensure That Doesn’t Happen 2023-10-19T04:00:00Z These findings also indicate that the appearance of the thymus reflects the ageing of the immune system. Immune system aging can be revealed by CT scan 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z On July 14, shortly before his 58th birthday, surgeons replaced Miller’s own kidneys with one pig kidney plus the animal’s thymus, a gland that trains immune cells. Pig kidney works a record 2 months in donated body, raising hope for animal-human transplants 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z One twist: Tacked onto the pig’s kidney was its thymus, a gland that trains immune cells — and thus might help protect the organ. How a family’s choice to donate a body for pig kidney research could help change transplants 2023-08-19T04:00:00Z One other trick: Surgeons attached the pig’s thymus to the transplanted kidney in hopes that the gland, which helps train immune cells, would increase human tolerance of the organ. Pig kidney works in a donated body for over a month, a step toward animal-human transplants 2023-08-16T04:00:00Z The N.Y.U. procedure also calls for embedding the pig’s thymus gland, which is responsible for educating the immune system, underneath the outer layer of the new kidney to prevent an immune-system attack. Surgeons Improve Function of Kidneys Transplanted From Genetically Altered Pigs 2023-08-16T04:00:00Z The thymus is a gland located in the upper part of the chest. Immune system aging can be revealed by CT scan 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z Your thymus is a gland that produces T cells, which are very important to your immune system. How Old Can Humans Get? 2023-07-31T04:00:00Z Eight years ago, her 15-year-old son was diagnosed with a rare cancer of the thymus, a small organ near the heart. How America’s push for the atomic bomb spawned enduring radioactive waste problems in St. Louis 2023-07-12T04:00:00Z The lymphatic system includes the thymus in the chest, the spleen in the abdomen, the lymphatic vessels that spread throughout the body, and the lymph nodes distributed along the lymphatic vessels. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The thymus produces hormones that aid in the development of the immune system. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Only very few studies so far have examined the thymus in adults. Immune system aging can be revealed by CT scan 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z But there are specific tissues, such as the thymus, that you can target for rejuvenation. How Old Can Humans Get? 2023-07-31T04:00:00Z T cells are lymphocytes that mature in the thymus gland, and B cells are lymphocytes that mature in the bone marrow. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The thyroid gland is located in the neck.The thymus is located in the chest. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Lymph moves about the body through the lymphatic system, which is made up of vessels, lymph ducts, lymph glands, and organs, such as tonsils, adenoids, thymus, and spleen. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The Linköping researchers study provides new knowledge by associating thymus appearance with lifestyle and health factors, and the immune system. Immune system aging can be revealed by CT scan 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z A few examples of endocrine glands include the anterior pituitary, thymus, adrenal cortex, and gonads. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z B cell maturation occurs in the bone marrow, whereas naïve T cells transit from the bone marrow to the thymus for maturation. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The thymus tissue is working, meaning his body is building critical immune cells which might ultimately reduce or even eliminate the need for him to take lifelong anti-rejection drugs. Revolutionary heart-thymus combined transplant success 2022-03-08T05:00:00Z These include the heart, kidneys, intestines, thymus, and adipose tissue. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z But more research is needed before it will be possible to know whether thymus appearance, and thereby immune defence ageing, will have any implications for our health. Immune system aging can be revealed by CT scan 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z The endoderm gives rise to the thyroid and parathyroid glands, as well as the pancreas and the thymus. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z CD4+T cell precursors are formed in the bone marrow and then migrate to the thymus, where they develop their T cell receptors. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The thymus gland helps the development of T-cells, which fight foreign substances in the body. Revolutionary heart-thymus combined transplant success 2022-03-08T05:00:00Z B cell maturation occurs in the bone marrow, whereas progenitor cells migrate from the bone marrow and develop and mature into naïve T cells in the organ called the thymus. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z After puberty, the thymus decreases in size and is eventually replaced by fat, in a process known as fatty degeneration. Immune system aging can be revealed by CT scan 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z In brief, lymphoid stem cells quickly migrate from the bone marrow to lymphatic tissues, including the lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus, where their production and differentiation continues. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z These include the heart, kidneys, intestines, thymus, gonads, and adipose tissue. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Since Easton needed a new heart and, independently, a new thymus gland, the FDA granted approval for the procedures that went ahead in August 2021, when Easton was six months old. Revolutionary heart-thymus combined transplant success 2022-03-08T05:00:00Z The thymus produces hormones referred to as thymosins, which contribute to the development of the immune response in infants. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z This has been taken to mean that it loses its function, which is why the thymus has for a long time been considered as being not important in adult life. Immune system aging can be revealed by CT scan 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z B cells are so named since they mature in the bone marrow, while T cells mature in the thymus. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The thymus is found behind the sternum; it is most prominent in infants, becoming smaller in size through adulthood. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Much more research is needed before then, including checking if it is viable to remove and replace the thymus in people who have one that is already fully functioning. Revolutionary heart-thymus combined transplant success 2022-03-08T05:00:00Z The thymus plays a critical role in building the immune system. Baby gets heart transplant with a twist to fight rejection 2022-03-07T05:00:00Z Like B cells and NKs, T cells are white blood cells that originate in the bone marrow, but they develop in and emanate from the thymus gland in the upper chest. How the body's immune system tries to fight off COVID-19 2022-01-19T05:00:00Z The primary lymphoid organs are the bone marrow and thymus gland. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The thymus produces hormones referred to as thymosins, which contribute to the development of the immune response. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z US doctors say a young boy called Easton has made medical history by becoming the first person in the world to receive a combined heart and thymus transplant. Revolutionary heart-thymus combined transplant success 2022-03-08T05:00:00Z Doctors have wondered if implanting some thymus tissue that matched a donated organ might help it survive without the recipient needing toxic anti-rejection medicines. Baby gets heart transplant with a twist to fight rejection 2022-03-07T05:00:00Z Montgomery and his team also transplanted the pig’s thymus, a gland that is involved in the immune system, in an effort to ward off immune reactions to the kidney. In a first, U.S. surgeons attached a pig kidney to a human — and it worked 2021-10-20T04:00:00Z The B cell undergoes nearly all of its development in the red bone marrow, whereas the immature T cell, called a thymocyte, leaves the bone marrow and matures largely in the thymus gland. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This gene, which they named AIRE, for “autoimmune regulator,” is expressed by cells in the thymus, an organ that makes T cells. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z The donated thymus tissue should help stop his body rejecting the new heart. Revolutionary heart-thymus combined transplant success 2022-03-08T05:00:00Z And he suffered recurrent infections that doctors eventually realized meant his own thymus wasn’t working properly. Baby gets heart transplant with a twist to fight rejection 2022-03-07T05:00:00Z Many T cells apparently die, and so the body’s reserves are depleted — particularly in those over age 40, in whom the thymus gland, the organ that generates new T cells, has become less efficient. How the coronavirus short-circuits the immune system 2020-06-27T04:00:00Z The medulla, where thymocytes migrate before leaving the thymus, contains a less dense collection of thymocytes, epithelial cells, and dendritic cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Also thanks in part to AIRE, T cells that start attacking these friendly proteins are destroyed in the thymus before they can be released into the rest of the body, where they could do damage. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z Giving Easton cultured thymus tissue from the same donor who gave him a heart, should help his body adopt the new tissues, his doctors believe. Revolutionary heart-thymus combined transplant success 2022-03-08T05:00:00Z Separately, Duke researchers had been working with Enzyvant Therapeutics to develop lab-grown implants of donated thymus tissue to treat that rare disorder. Baby gets heart transplant with a twist to fight rejection 2022-03-07T05:00:00Z Children have highly active thymus glands, the source of new T cells. How the coronavirus short-circuits the immune system 2020-06-27T04:00:00Z Primary lymphoid organs, the bone marrow and thymus gland, are the locations where lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system proliferate and mature. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Her husband is undergoing chemotherapy for thymus cancer. Italy loosens Europe’s longest coronavirus lockdown 2020-05-04T04:00:00Z Although most T cells are trained in the thymus to ignore ‘self’ proteins, some are trained in the gut. Could a bacteria-stuffed pill cure autoimmune diseases? 2020-01-28T05:00:00Z First surgeons implanted his new heart while the donated thymus was sent to a lab. Baby gets heart transplant with a twist to fight rejection 2022-03-07T05:00:00Z In older adults, the thymus does not function as well. How the coronavirus short-circuits the immune system 2020-06-27T04:00:00Z T cells develop in the thymus, where they learn to use self-MHC molecules to recognize only foreign antigens, thus making them tolerant to self-antigens. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In this case, they are removing the patient's thymus gland from between the lungs. The NHS robots performing major surgery 2019-12-11T05:00:00Z Miller, working at the University of London in the late 1950s and 1960s, identified a population of immune cells that develop in the thymus gland of mice—called T lymphocytes or T cells. Immune-Cell Pioneers Win Prestigious Lasker Medical Award 2019-09-10T04:00:00Z About two weeks later, he had a second operation to implant the processed thymus tissue. Baby gets heart transplant with a twist to fight rejection 2022-03-07T05:00:00Z Miller, working at the University of London in the late 1950s and 1960s, identified a population of immune cells that develop in the thymus glands of mice — called T-lymphocytes or T-cells. Immune-cell pioneers win prestigious Lasker medical award 2019-09-09T04:00:00Z Compare and contrast the thymus gland in infancy and adulthood. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z White blood cells are produced in bone marrow and then mature inside the thymus, where they become specialized T cells that help the body to fight infections and cancers. First hint that body’s ‘biological age’ can be reversed 2019-09-04T04:00:00Z Opponents, however, say that newer methods, including the use of thymus tissue from newborn infants who undergo heart surgeries, appear promising. New restriction on fetal tissue research ‘was the president’s decision’ 2019-06-05T04:00:00Z His own partially working thymus was removed, to clear the way for new immune cells to take hold. Baby gets heart transplant with a twist to fight rejection 2022-03-07T05:00:00Z He showed that mice lacking a thymus — an organ whose role was unknown — were prone to infection and did not reject skin grafts from other rodents. Immune-cell pioneers win prestigious Lasker medical award 2019-09-09T04:00:00Z The internal thoracic artery, or mammary artery, supplies blood to the thymus, the pericardium of the heart, and the anterior chest wall. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A decade later, at age 46, he treated himself for a month with growth hormone and DHEA, and found some regeneration of his own thymus. First hint that body’s ‘biological age’ can be reversed 2019-09-04T04:00:00Z An official noted there are other ways of acquiring fetal tissue other than from abortions, including from cord tissue or when a thymus is removed from a child with a congenital heart defect. Trump administration ends NIH funding for fetal tissue research 2019-06-05T04:00:00Z Another organ in which the cells may perform unexpected jobs is the thymus, where some kinds of immune cells mature and learn not to attack the body's own tissues. Closing in on a century-old mystery, scientists are figuring out what the body’s ‘tuft cells’ do 2019-03-28T04:00:00Z Humanized mice are created by implanting fetal thymus tissue that can develop a humanlike immune system and be infected with HIV. Trump administration halts study that would use fetal tissue ‘to discover a cure for HIV’ 2018-12-09T05:00:00Z In the cortex of the thymus, they are exposed to cortical epithelial cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Tissue from the thymus glands of aborted fetuses is implanted into a capsule in the connective tissue under the mice’s kidneys. Trump administration threatens future of HIV research hub 2018-12-04T05:00:00Z “But there is at least one publication that shows neonatal thymus produces a better humanized mouse.” Report that NIH will cancel fetal tissue research contract fuels controversy 2018-12-05T05:00:00Z Anderson and colleagues were tracking the varieties of epithelial cells in the part of the thymus where that education takes place when they found "goofy cells with taste receptors" that they didn't recognize. Closing in on a century-old mystery, scientists are figuring out what the body’s ‘tuft cells’ do 2019-03-28T04:00:00Z Fisher added the thymus tumor to the search. He Had Insomnia, No Appetite and Started Conversing With Dead People. What Was Going On? 2018-10-02T04:00:00Z Once they have exited the capillaries, some leukocytes will take up fixed positions in lymphatic tissue, bone marrow, the spleen, the thymus, or other organs. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In four months, that tissue grows into the equivalent of a human thymus, the site of the body that produces T cells, which become depleted in people — or such mice — infected with HIV. Trump administration threatens future of HIV research hub 2018-12-04T05:00:00Z Noah’s parents donated his liver, kidneys, lungs, thymus, pancreas, trachea and intestine to foster research involving cancer, diabetes, AIDS, kidney-disease risk, tuberculosis, asthma, lung transplants and a malabsorption disorder called short gut syndrome. Organ donations from baby who lived only 1 day help research 2018-06-16T04:00:00Z The researchers aren't sure what tuft cells are sensing in the thymus, however. Closing in on a century-old mystery, scientists are figuring out what the body’s ‘tuft cells’ do 2019-03-28T04:00:00Z It was a rare disorder known as Morvan syndrome, often associated with a tumor in the thymus gland. He Had Insomnia, No Appetite and Started Conversing With Dead People. What Was Going On? 2018-10-02T04:00:00Z B cells undergo a maturation process in the bone marrow, whereas T cells undergo maturation in the thymus. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In the older sedentary people, the output of new T cells from the thymus glands was low. How Exercise Can Keep Aging Muscles and Immune Systems ‘Young’ 2018-03-14T04:00:00Z This was also linked to the thymus gland, which produces T cells to circulate and kill dysfunctional cells or foreign agents in the body. Aging immune system linked to cancer 2018-02-06T05:00:00Z The thymus gland is located in the chest. Surgery Effective Against Immune Disorder That Weakens Muscles 2016-08-11T04:00:00Z In the decades since, we’ve learned to transplant other organs: the heart, liver, pancreas, intestine, thymus and stomach. Penis transplant: welcome to the frontier of a fascinating science | Celine Gounder 2016-05-17T04:00:00Z In fact, only two percent of the thymocytes that enter the thymus leave it as mature, functional T cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The inactive older peoples’ thymus glands also were atrophied, compared to those of the younger group. How Exercise Can Keep Aging Muscles and Immune Systems ‘Young’ 2018-03-14T04:00:00Z After decades of activity and proliferation of immune cells, organs in the immune system such as the thymus begin to tire and to stop producing new cells. Why bingeing on health foods won’t boost your immune system 2016-01-24T05:00:00Z This model is made by destroying the animal’s immune system and then surgically transplanting liver and thymus tissue fragments from a human fetus into the mouse. The truth about fetal tissue research 2015-12-06T05:00:00Z The liver and thymus, for instance, are packed with the precursor cells to the immune system, while the brain contains neural cells that form the nervous system. The Case for Fetal-Cell Research 2015-07-30T04:00:00Z While B cells mature in red bone marrow and T cells mature in the thymus, they both initially develop from bone marrow. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Those who exercised also showed high levels of other immune cells that help to prevent autoimmune reactions and of a hormone that protects the thymus against shrinkage. How Exercise Can Keep Aging Muscles and Immune Systems ‘Young’ 2018-03-14T04:00:00Z Only thymus, left heart ventricle and aorta were considered due to the availability of Hi-C data. Integrative analysis of haplotype-resolved epigenomes across human tissues : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z There are drawbacks: the BLT mouse’s average lifespan is relatively short, at only around 8.5 months, because the animals tend to develop cancers of the thymus. The truth about fetal tissue research 2015-12-06T05:00:00Z The spleen, lymph nodes, liver, thymus, skin, and lungs are eventual destinations for the virus. What does measles actually do? 2015-01-30T05:00:00Z T cells migrate from bone marrow to the thymus gland where they further mature. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Muscles are one of the sources of the hormone that protects the thymus. How Exercise Can Keep Aging Muscles and Immune Systems ‘Young’ 2018-03-14T04:00:00Z Only thymus, left heart ventricle and aorta were considered due to the availability of Hi-C data. Integrative analysis of haplotype-resolved epigenomes across human tissues : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z T cells develop in the thymus, but this gland shrinks with age, slowing production of new T cells and leaving us stuck with the ones in circulation. Your Immune System Is Made, Not Born 2015-01-29T05:00:00Z She is missing her thymus and will need a transplant in the near future at Duke University Hospital in North Carolina. Life is fragile for baby, adoptive parents 2015-01-10T05:00:00Z Here, you will learn about the hormone-producing activities of the heart, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, skeleton, adipose tissue, skin, and thymus. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z His solution was to irradiate hatchlings a day after removing the organs, which eliminated any cells generated by a chick's thymus or bursa before hatching. Immunology: Fifty years of B lymphocytes 2015-01-05T05:00:00Z KS test was performed for P value calculation. b, Allelically biased enhancers were tested in thymus from donor 1 and pancreas from donors 2 and 3. Integrative analysis of haplotype-resolved epigenomes across human tissues : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z A group of cells were genetically reprogrammed to become thymus cells and were mixed with other support-role cells and placed inside a mouse. Paralysis cure, new vaginas...and other medical stories of 2014 2014-12-25T05:00:00Z Once deployed by the thymus, the T-cells protect the body by scanning for infectious invaders such as bacteria and viruses, or dangerous malfunctioning cells, for instance from tumours. Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z Figure 21.7 Location, Structure, and Histology of the Thymus The thymus lies above the heart. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z They used their irradiated chickens — without thymus and bursa — to elucidate the different functions of the immune cells produced by the two organs. Immunology: Fifty years of B lymphocytes 2015-01-05T05:00:00Z KS test was performed for P value calculation. b, Allelically biased enhancers were tested in thymus from donor 1 and pancreas from donors 2 and 3. Integrative analysis of haplotype-resolved epigenomes across human tissues : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z Once inside, the bunch of cells developed into a functional thymus and produced a component of the immune system, called T-cells, which fight infection. Paralysis cure, new vaginas...and other medical stories of 2014 2014-12-25T05:00:00Z People with a defective thymus lack functioning T-cells and are highly vulnerable to infections. Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z Thymic involution has been observed in all vertebrate species that have a thymus gland. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Yet the region of the white pulp in the spleen that is dependent on the thymus was intact. Immunology: Fifty years of B lymphocytes 2015-01-05T05:00:00Z The thymus is a much simpler organ and in these experiments became fully functional. Whole organ 'grown' in world first 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z Mr. Thiel died May 10 at his home of cancer of the thymus. Former professor Philip Thiel advocated a U District plaza 2014-06-15T04:00:00Z This is especially hazardous for bone marrow transplant patients, who need a working thymus to rebuild their immune systems after surgery. Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z The thymus is the place where the immune system’s T-cells mature. Rejuvenating bodily organs: Engage reverse gear 2014-04-08T11:03:02Z This suggested that the thymus was a crucial source of cells that mediate phenomena such as rejection, but his experiments were not universally accepted. Immunology: Fifty years of B lymphocytes 2015-01-05T05:00:00Z A group of cells developed into a thymus - a critical part of the immune system - when transplanted into mice. Whole organ 'grown' in world first 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z As an animal grows older, its thymus shrinks and the organ’s internal structure changes. Rejuvenating bodily organs: Engage reverse gear 2014-04-08T11:03:02Z British scientists produced a working thymus, a vital immune system "nerve centre" located near the heart. Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z As an animal grows older, its thymus shrinks and the organ’s internal structure changes. Rejuvenating bodily organs: Engage reverse gear 2014-04-08T11:03:02Z Good and Cooper decided to revisit the role of the bursa and the thymus in chickens. Immunology: Fifty years of B lymphocytes 2015-01-05T05:00:00Z The thymus is found near the heart and produces a component of the immune system, called T-cells, which fight infection. Whole organ 'grown' in world first 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z Dr Blackburn knew from earlier experiments that FOXN1 is important for the embryonic development of the thymus, so she wondered if it might be used to rejuvenate the organ in older animals. Rejuvenating bodily organs: Engage reverse gear 2014-04-08T11:03:02Z One of a family of "transcription factors" that regulate the activity of certain genes, FOXN1 guides the formation of the thymus during normal embryonic development. Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z Dr Blackburn knew from earlier experiments that FOXN1 is important for the embryonic development of the thymus, so she wondered if it might be used to rejuvenate the organ in older animals. Rejuvenating bodily organs: Engage reverse gear 2014-04-08T11:03:02Z However, by the age of 70 the thymus is just a tenth of the size in adolescents. Living organ regeneration 'first' 2014-04-08T11:08:55Z These cells were genetically "reprogrammed" and started to transform into a type of cell found in the thymus. Whole organ 'grown' in world first 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z The thymus gland is an organ which occurs in the upper part of the thorax of the child, but which atrophies and practically disappears after the age of two years. Essays In Pastoral Medicine 2012-03-05T03:00:09.993Z After being mixed with other, supportive thymus cells, the iTECs were grafted on to the kidneys of genetically identical laboratory mice. Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z He was diagnosed with thymoma, cancer of the thymus gland in the chest, and with leukemia. China cancer village tests reach of law against pollution 2012-01-16T12:34:33Z The team at the MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh tried to regenerate the thymus of old mice. Living organ regeneration 'first' 2014-04-08T11:08:55Z This means the developing thymus would not be a tissue match for the patient. Whole organ 'grown' in world first 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z It is nearly always accompanied by a distinct hypertrophy of the thymus gland. Essays In Pastoral Medicine 2012-03-05T03:00:09.993Z The research, published in the journal Nature Cell Biology, raises the possibility of creating a whole new functioning thymus using cells manufactured in the laboratory. Scientists hail creation of working organ made from laboratory cells 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z Diglyme caused decreased sperm production, poor growth of fetuses, reduction in red blood cell count and wasting away of bone marrow, the spleen and the thymus gland. It's Glymes Time: EPA Takes on Obscure Chemicals in Consumer Products 2011-08-08T17:45:03.500Z A gene, called Foxn1, naturally gets shut down as the thymus ages. Living organ regeneration 'first' 2014-04-08T11:08:55Z Once inside, the bunch of cells developed into a functional thymus. Whole organ 'grown' in world first 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z The enlargement or persistence of the thymus can be better recognised, and doctors now seldom fail to notice it. Essays In Pastoral Medicine 2012-03-05T03:00:09.993Z This was the thymus, and not the thyroid. Psychotherapy 2011-06-19T02:00:20.053Z Embryology.—The thymus is formed from a diverticulum, on each side, from the entoderm lining the third branchial groove, but the connexion with the pharynx is soon lost. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z The thymus, which sits near the heart, produces T-cells to fight off infection. Living organ regeneration 'first' 2014-04-08T11:08:55Z The thymus just required an injection of cells. Whole organ 'grown' in world first 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z The work is based on computer modelling of how immune cells develop in a specialised organ of the immune system known as the thymus. New hope for HIV vaccine efforts 2010-05-05T18:08:00Z Suggestion did the rest, for thymus has proved to be quite ineffective, and the treatment was entirely expectant but acted on a favorable state of mind. Psychotherapy 2011-06-19T02:00:20.053Z The thymus of the calf is popularly known as “the chest sweetbread.” Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z The thymus, which is critical for immune function, becomes smaller and less effective with age, making people more susceptible to infection. Living organ regeneration 'first' 2014-04-08T11:08:55Z He recognized the opening of the common biliary duct, and was the first to give a good description of the thymus gland. The Popes and Science The History of the Papal Relations to Science During the Middle Ages and Down to Our Own Time It has been suggested above that the thyroid gland may possibly be of some minor functional importance, and that the thymus is developed in the embryo sufficiently to be functional. Man And His Ancestor A Study In Evolution An investigation of just what material was being employed in the English cases showed that the butcher was supplying thymus and not thyroid glands. Psychotherapy 2011-06-19T02:00:20.053Z Concentric corpuscles, like those of the thymus, have been recorded in it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z It is not certain why the thymus shrinks with age. Living organ regeneration 'first' 2014-04-08T11:08:55Z These malformations are associated chiefly with imperfect development of the visceral or branchial arches and clefts, or of the hypoblastic diverticula from which the thyreoid and thymus glands are formed. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The thymus gland attains a considerable development in the embryo and shrinks away to the merest vestige in the adult. Man And His Ancestor A Study In Evolution Observe the condition of the anterior mediastinal glands, the thymus and the lungs. The Elements of Bacteriological Technique A Laboratory Guide for Medical, Dental, and Technical Students. Second Edition Rewritten and Enlarged. Comparative Anatomy.—The thymus is always a paired gland. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z The thymus rudiments, ty, have about the same appearance as in the preceding figure, except that they are somewhat larger. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The pressure effects may be entirely referable to the trachea—thymus stenosis of the trachea—giving rise to progressive dyspnœa accompanied by stridor, with paroxysmal exacerbations during which the child becomes asphyxiated. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Owen says that the thymus appears in vertebrates with the establishment of the lung as the main or exclusive respiratory organ. Man And His Ancestor A Study In Evolution The lower layer gives rise to the epithelium and the proper tissue of the alimentary canal and its derivatives, as the liver, lungs, pancreas, kidneys, thyroid, thymus, etc. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Among these structures are the spleen, the adrenals, the thyroid gland, the parathyroids, the thymus and the carotid and coccygeal bodies. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z Above the oesophagus, on either side, is the thymus rudiment, ty, in this section practically a solid mass of cells instead of a tube. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The Thymus Gland.—The thymus gland begins to diminish in size towards the end of the second year, and by the time puberty is reached it has entirely disappeared. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. These are the thymus and thyroid glands, apparently vestigial structures. Man And His Ancestor A Study In Evolution Compression Stenosis of the Trachea and Bronchi.—Compression of the trachea is most commonly caused by goiter, substernal or cervical, aneurysm, malignancy, or, in children, by enlarged thymus. Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery After respiration they expand and occupy the whole thorax, and closely surround the heart and thymus gland. Aids to Forensic Medicine and Toxicology The drawing was made from a dissection and, for the sake of simplicity, only the enteron, respiratory organs, heart, and thymus are shown. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The term thymic asthma has been applied to another form of disturbed respiration due to a large thymus, which comes on suddenly in infants otherwise apparently healthy. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Like the thymus it is a ductless gland, abundantly supplied with blood-vessels, and possesses a vast number of small cavities, lined with cells and containing an insoluble jelly. Man And His Ancestor A Study In Evolution Treatment of Compression Stenoses of the Trachea.—If the thymus be at fault, rapid amelioration of symptoms follows roentgenray or radium therapy. Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery This is a general hyperplastic condition of the lymphatic structures in the body, and is seen in enlargement of tonsils, thymus, spleen, as well as of Peyer's patches and mesenteric glands. Aids to Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Sweetbread, which is thymus gland of the calf, is a delicate and agreeable article of diet, particularly for invalids. Public School Domestic Science The enlargement of the thymus may be part of a general lymphatic hyperplasia—known as the status lymphaticus. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The chloride and lactate of calcium, and extract of thymus gland have been employed to increase the coagulability of the blood. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The thymus or thyroid extracts are thus used and with good results in many cases. Mother's Remedies Over One Thousand Tried and Tested Remedies from Mothers of the United States and Canada Linsmayer reported a case in which there was a softened adenoma in the pituitary body, and the thymus was absent. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine They include the heart, tongue, liver, and kidneys, as well as the thymus and thyroid glands and the pancreas. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 3: Soup; Meat; Poultry and Game; Fish and Shell Fish In children under two years of age the thymus gland may extend for some distance into the neck in front of the trachea and carotid vessels, under cover of the depressors of the hyoid bone. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. But many organs, such as "the thyroid gland, the thymus gland, and the pineal gland," formerly classified as rudimentary organs, are found to be very useful and necessary. The Evolution of Man Scientifically Disproved In 50 Arguments Like the spleen, the thyroid and thymus glands are supposed to work some change in the blood, but what is not clearly known. A Practical Physiology Anomalies of the Lungs.—Carper describes a fetus of thirty-seven weeks in whose thorax he found a very voluminous thymus gland but no lungs. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine The thymus and thyroid glands and the pancreas are included under the term sweetbreads. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 3: Soup; Meat; Poultry and Game; Fish and Shell Fish As the lower part of the thymus canal most often persists, an incomplete external fistula is the form most frequently met with. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Pregnant animals fed on thyroid give birth to young with large thymus glands. The Glands Regulating Personality By discovering that the body with the lump of overly strong cells also has a weak spleen, liver and thymus gland, I can take actions to strengthen the spleen, liver and thymus. How and When to Be Your Own Doctor There is a series of organs in the body which has long puzzled physiologists,—organs of glandular aspect, but having no ducts,—the spleen, the thyroid and thymus bodies, and the suprarenal capsules. Medical Essays, 1842-1882 The thymus gland, which lies near the heart and is often called the heart sweetbread, is the best one. Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 3: Soup; Meat; Poultry and Game; Fish and Shell Fish In the past, it was accepted, that with puberty the thymus atrophied and was replaced by some sort of fatty tissue. The Glands Regulating Personality There would be X-ray machines and experts to radiograph the pituitary, pineal and thymus glands when possible. The Glands Regulating Personality They all center around what I call the "deadly triangle," comprised of a weak thymus gland, weak spleen, and a weak liver. How and When to Be Your Own Doctor Scattered instances have been reported of children growing, putting on inches in height and expanding mentally, when thymus was fed to them, in whom every other measure previously tried had failed. The Glands Regulating Personality There is evidence that the thymus is involved in the health and efficiency of muscle cells and muscularity. The Glands Regulating Personality Feeding of thymus to some of the lower creatures of the animal kingdom will completely hold up differentiation. The Glands Regulating Personality It is possible, by X-ray treatment of the thymus, to cause it to shrink to more normal proportions. The Glands Regulating Personality The thymus and spleen form the core of the body's immune system. How and When to Be Your Own Doctor Like the thymus, it has been supposed one of the distinctive organs of childhood and to die with it. The Glands Regulating Personality Thus, the growth of the brain is presided over by the adrenal cortex, the thyroid, the thymus and the pituitary. The Glands Regulating Personality Now the smoothness of the face in children is connected with the activity of the thymus and pineal glands. The Glands Regulating Personality Infancy as the epoch of the thymus explains why, in any given geographic locality, the babies look alike and act alike. The Glands Regulating Personality I worked all the acupuncture points on my body that strengthen the immune system, including the thymus gland, lymph nodes, and spleen. How and When to Be Your Own Doctor It is probable that these thymus and pineal effects are indirect through their action upon the sex glands. The Glands Regulating Personality Every individual born among the vertebrates, for example, must have a certain definite amount and percentage of pituitary gland, anterior and posterior, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, interstitial and so on. The Glands Regulating Personality Upon the zone of ossification must act the pituitary, and indirectly the thyroid, the interstitial cells, the thymus and the adrenals. The Glands Regulating Personality If the thymus retrogresses after the second year, what takes its place as a brake upon the forward driving impulses of the other endocrines? The Glands Regulating Personality If the body can strengthen its spleen, liver and thymus, then the overly strong cells miraculously vanish. How and When to Be Your Own Doctor Of which there are many more in the thymus of embryonic and early postnatal life, known after their discoverer as Hassal's Corpuscles. The Glands Regulating Personality They are believed by some to elaborate the specific internal secretion of the thymus. The Glands Regulating Personality Concerning the exact function of the thymus, we are a good deal at sea. The Glands Regulating Personality Since it is especially a sex gland inhibitor, the thyroid and pituitary become freer to exert their influences than under the thymus régime. The Glands Regulating Personality Then there is the extraordinary fatigability of the muscles which occurs in the thymus types, who nevertheless have large well-rounded muscles, a paradox of contradiction between anatomy and physiology. The Glands Regulating Personality The thymus types have youthful, milky white teeth that are thin and translucent, and scalloped or crescentic at the grinding edge. The Glands Regulating Personality Proper balance between the thymus and pituitary will permit the eruption of the teeth within the normal time limits, both the milk teeth and the permanent teeth. The Glands Regulating Personality There must be a certain atrophy and retrogression of the thymus gland, and there must likewise be a similar atrophy and retirement of the pineal gland. The Glands Regulating Personality For just as the thymus involutes at the second year, the pineal atrophies before the onset of adolescence. The Glands Regulating Personality Yet there is a certain justification for proclaiming the thymus the gland of childhood, the gland which keeps children childish and sometimes makes children out of grown-ups. The Glands Regulating Personality The result was a persistent thymus superiority, with an instability of the other two main glands involved. The Glands Regulating Personality Because in his fullest development he exhibited all the earmarks of the thymus pattern. The Glands Regulating Personality This refers to the average normal, for the large thymus may continue large and grow larger after the second year in the type of individual designated in a preceding chapter as the thymocentric. The Glands Regulating Personality The thymus, like a brake that is becoming worn out, continues to function in a progressively weaker fashion. The Glands Regulating Personality A recent study of twenty murderers in the State of West Virginia showed them all to have a persistent thymus and the thymocentric constitution. The Glands Regulating Personality The thymus is the great inhibitor of all the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Recall the experiments of Gudernatsch working with tadpoles, who showed that feeding with thymus produced giant tadpoles whose metamorphosis into frogs was inhibited, while feeding thyroid produced frogs the size of flies. The Glands Regulating Personality If the pituitary is limited. partially or completely, the thymus predominance is more prominent and fixed, and the abnormalities become obvious, both of person and conduct. The Glands Regulating Personality The persistent thymus always then throws its shadow over the entire personality. The Glands Regulating Personality Certain types of thyroid excess associated with the thymus dominant next to be described are peculiarly susceptible to emotional instability. The Glands Regulating Personality Yet even during childhood, there are certain individuals with excessive thymus action, foreshadowing a continued thymus predominance throughout life. The Glands Regulating Personality The persistent thymus, like a vindictive Electra, stalks the footsteps of its victim, its possessor. The Glands Regulating Personality The persistence of the thymus after adolescence makes for an arrest of masculinization or feminization, the end-point arrived at by the processes of puberty. The Glands Regulating Personality After the second year, the thymus begins to shrink. The Glands Regulating Personality The sex intergrades, the four hyphenated classes, nearly all have some degree of persistent thymus. The Glands Regulating Personality But his thymus condition forces him also to live for femininity and misery. The Glands Regulating Personality However, in both of the latter, if there is a persistent thymus, the skin will retain the bland quality of adolescence. The Glands Regulating Personality Persistence of the thymus or pineal gland tends to a prolongation of the infantile and child types, that will be taken advantage of. The Glands Regulating Personality Careful dissection will demonstrate some thymus tissue even in a normal subject up to the fourteenth year. The Glands Regulating Personality When such abnormalities of adrenal, pituitary, thymus or pineal occur in girls, it is the masculine streak in the hastening of growth that is made manifest. The Glands Regulating Personality The years 1855-1856 beheld two other important glands of internal secretion, the thyroid, the gland in the neck astride the windpipe, and the thymus, in the chest above the heart, make their debut. The Glands Regulating Personality Friedleben believed that in the young without a thymus, there occurred a softening of the bones, and general physical and mental deterioration. The Glands Regulating Personality Then there are the varied and remarkable phenomena of thymus enlargement and hyperactivity in childhood itself. The Glands Regulating Personality A set of observations have related the pineal to muscle function, inviting comparison of it with the thymus. The Glands Regulating Personality When an enlarged thymus is present in an infant, the initiation of breathing in the new-born, the introduction of the newcomer to the oxygen of the air, may be an exceedingly prolonged, difficult, matter. The Glands Regulating Personality That some poison, probably an oversecretion of the thymus, is responsible is shown by the relief obtainable by X-ray shrinkage of the gland, or the surgical removal of a part of it. The Glands Regulating Personality A French study of over four hundred idiotic children with normal thyroids reported that over three fourths had no thymus at all. The Glands Regulating Personality A tadpole kept supplied with enough thymus in a nutrient medium will swell into an extraordinary giant tadpole, but will not change into a frog. The Glands Regulating Personality The thymus is the gland which dominates childhood. The Glands Regulating Personality Removal of the pituitary makes the thymus shrink because the restraining influence of the latter is no longer needed. The Glands Regulating Personality Back in 1858, the pioneer student of the thymus, Friedleben, declared that the size and condition of the thymus is an index to be the state of nutrition of the body. The Glands Regulating Personality Also, the thymus has been discovered diseased in certain mysterious progressive muscular wastings. The Glands Regulating Personality The feeding of thymus has caused muscle cramps which apparently depends upon an increased excitability of the muscle nerve endings. The Glands Regulating Personality Removal of the thymus hastens the development of the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality The thyroid gland, the pituitary gland, the adrenal glands, the thymus, the pineal, the sex glands, have yielded secrets. The Glands Regulating Personality Features of the picture are exhibited with disturbances of the other internal secretory glands also, like the thymus. The Glands Regulating Personality The thyroid and thymus are antagonistic, for the thyroid hastens differentiation, puberty and the coming of sexual maturity, while the thymus delays and retards them and prolongs the period of childhood. The Glands Regulating Personality The endocrine criteria, more exact and concrete, divide them into the adrenal centered, the thyroid centered, the thymus centered, the pituitary centered, the gonad centered, and their combinations. The Glands Regulating Personality |
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