英语词汇“third estate”造句的方法、技巧、例句及翻译-英语例句辞典

And now the fencing has come to the Supreme Court, to the third estate. Perspective | The Supreme Court: Unreachable, inaccessible and frightening 2022-05-10T04:00:00Z

The term had a special resonance with his Francophone audience because it recalled the third estate, “tiers-état,” of the French Revolution. The Origins and Legacy of the Idea of the 'Third World' 2015-08-26T04:00:00Z

Has the King ordered us, too, to sit with the third estate? The Red Cockade 2012-03-30T02:00:19.603Z

The Revolution was the victory of the third estate, i.e., of the great masses of the nation, working in production and in trade, over the privileged idle classes, the nobles and the priests. Socialism: Utopian and Scientific 2012-03-26T02:00:37.300Z

Voltaire soon afterwards purchased a third estate at Ferney, just a little over the French border, and here, eventually, he lived en grande seigneur, and was known as the “patriarch of Ferney.” Voltaire: A Sketch of his Life and Works 2012-03-14T02:00:25.570Z

I do not think that the problems resulting from the ambiguous position of the feudal villain can be solved better than on the supposition of this 'third estate.' Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z

In the Constituent Assembly its members did not number more than 30 out of the 578 of the third estate. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 9 "Dagupan" to "David" 2012-02-11T03:03:39.807Z

Many of the cahiers of the third estate demand that no treaty of commerce should be entered into without previous consultation with the industries interested. Principles of Political Economy, Vol. II 2012-01-25T03:00:34.150Z

Hence, to Saint Simon the antagonism between the third estate and the privileged classes took the form of an antagonism between "workers" and "idlers." Socialism: Utopian and Scientific 2012-03-26T02:00:37.300Z

In order to moderate the selfishness and tyranny of the first and second estates, composed of the clergy and nobility, he erected the cities into a third estate, of equal legislative authority. Monks, Popes, and their Political Intrigues 2011-10-12T02:00:43.383Z

The fallen angels, the imperious lords of Heaven, have been succeeded by the lowly third estate, the human worms whom they so much despised. Vondel's Lucifer 2011-10-09T02:00:28.557Z

Consequently, when the States-General were convoked, Lecamus was unanimously elected to represent the third estate by the influence of the priests, which was at that time enormous in Paris. The Works of Honor? de Balzac About Catherine de' Medici, Seraphita and Other Stories 2011-09-02T02:00:23.810Z

On the 19th of November Parliament met again, and in a mood which boded ill for the relations between the sovereign and the third estate of his realm. William the Third 2011-07-31T02:00:12.077Z

The third estate insisted on the vote by head, the graduated abolition of privilege in all governmental affairs, a written constitution and union. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z

The diet now advanced to the work of framing a constitution; while the representatives of the third estate were, in the meanwhile, admitted to a seat in the assembly. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z

Having kept his second estate, and filled the measure of his responsibilities in the flesh, he passes the veil of death, and enters a third estate, or probationary sphere. Key to the Science of Theology 2011-03-05T03:00:29Z

In this process he completed the work of the Revolution by exalting the third estate to ascendancy in the nation. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. IV. (of IV.) 2011-01-05T03:00:52.520Z

However this may have been, the good effect of the exercise of these rights, imperfect as they were, by the third estate, must be highly estimated. History of The Reign of Philip The Second King of Spain Volume The Third and Biographical & Critical Miscellanies

The third estate refused to obey, and by the mouth of Bailly and Mirabeau asserted the legitimacy of the Revolution. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z

Latterly they gained a voice in parliaments as the “third estate” and established our modern representative democracy. Races and Immigrants in America

The woman’s rights movement has very few adherents in the third estate, and it is exactly the women of this estate that ought to be the natural supporters of the movement. The Modern Woman's Rights Movement A Historical Survey

In 1789 he was elected by the third estate of Paris to the states general, and attracted attention by his speeches against social inequalities. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 2 "Camorra" to "Cape Colony"

The first defections from the ranks of the aristocracy were made on the 13th of June, when three cur�s of Poitou took their seats with the third estate. Paris From the Earliest Period to the Present Day; Volume 2

The third estate wanted civil liberty above all; political liberty came second only, as a means and guarantee for the former. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z

The former in his interpretation of history substituted social physics for economic law and politics, and in spite of many idealistic and positivistic uncertainties, he almost discovered the genesis of the third estate. Essays on the Materialistic Conception of History

It was the lower class that won the battles of the third estate; that took the Bastille, and made France a constitutional monarchy; that took the Tuileries, and made France a Republic. The History of Freedom

It had long been said that the third estate paid with its property, the nobility with its blood, the clergy with its prayers. Paris from the Earliest Period to the Present Day; Volume 1

The third estate in France was divided into the bourgeoisie and the peasantry and small artisans. History of Human Society

And in this they lagged behind their contemporary theorists of the bourgeoisie, who understood very well the historical significance at any rate of the struggle of the third estate against the nobles. Anarchism and Socialism

The third estate, formerly hardly recognized as having an existence, is becoming the controlling power in most of those ancient communities. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject

By this measure the class which formed what we should call the third estate was brought down to 14,000 citizens, and became about equal in numbers with the higher ranks. The History of Freedom

A daring enthusiast, in 1789 he was elected, on account of his revolutionary principles, by the third estate of Artois, to a seat in the Constituent Assembly. Great Men and Famous Women. Vol. 4 A series of pen and pencil sketches of the lives of more than 200 of the most prominent personages in History

This usurpation of power on the part of the third estate transformed the old feudal Estates, voting by orders, into the first modern national representative assembly on the continent of Europe. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

The third estate voted itself a "national assembly," and, after a struggle of six weeks, gained its point, and the estates were constituted as a single assembly. The Political History of England - Vol. X. The History of England from the Accession of George III to the close of Pitt's first Administration

Neglect of it would be like neglect of the third estate in the history of France for the eighteenth century. Historical Essays

Then followed discussions in reference to the Tiers �tat, as to what the third estate really represented, and as to the number of deputies who should be called to the assembly of the States General. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges

Although by birth they belonged in the main to the third estate, they were in reality adjunct to the first, and consequently, being integral members of neither, formed a strong independent class by themselves. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.)

Everybody who did not belong to either the clergy or nobility was regarded as being of the third estate. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

It is the third estate, so necessary to preserve the balance of power between the executive and the people, and which has unfortunately disappeared. Diary in America, Series Two

The constitutional changes proposed by the formal cahier of the third estate were of an equally radical character. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1

The king was seated on a magnificent throne, the nobles and the clergy on both sides of the hall, and the third estate at the farther end. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges

In 1614, at the close of the middle ages, the third estate had been little concerned with the agricultural laborer. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.)

A great part of the third estate lived in the country and tilled the soil. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

He was among the first of the clergy to join the third estate and contributed largely to the union of the three orders. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 4, 1919

He declared it to be utterly inconceivable how such enormous debts had been incurred, while the purses of the "third estate" had been drained by unheard-of subsidies. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1

Some of the most resolute of the nobles urged the king to adopt vigorous measures against the usurpation of the third estate; but he was timid and irresolute. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges

In it the Abb� Siey�s asked the question, "What is the third estate?" and answered so as to strengthen the already spreading conviction that the people of France were really the nation. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.)

In spite of the king's commands the representatives of the third estate refused to organize themselves in the old way as a separate order. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

On the memorable Fourth of May, 1789, Robespierre appeared at Versailles as one of the representatives of the third estate of his native province of Artois. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 1 of 3) Essay 1: Robespierre

If the harangue of the orator of the third estate was alarming to the clergy, its written demands were little calculated to reassure them. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1

As the two privileged classes surrendered their powers to the monarch, the third estate was coming into its own. The Age of the Reformation

The King was so far convinced as to agree that the third estate should be represented by delegates equal in number to those of the clergy and nobles combined. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.)

The nobility and clergy forced to join the third estate. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

With the expansion, or rather first growth and development of a gentry, or third estate, expanded, pari passu, the political field of their jurisdiction and their deliberative functions. The Uncollected Writings of Thomas de Quincey—Vol. 1 With a Preface and Annotations by James Hogg

The presence of the people, he said, was in no wise necessary, inasmuch as the king's sole object was to relieve the third estate. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1

It is therefore not very important to inquire whether the lot of the third estate was getting better or worse during the first quarter of the sixteenth century. The Age of the Reformation

On June twenty-seventh a majority of the delegates from the two upper estates joined those of the third estate in constituting a national assembly. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.)

The representatives of the third estate declare themselves a 'National Assembly.' An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

Finally, the bourgeoisie, well-informed or learned, prefaced the emancipation of the third estate by the insurrection of the new condition of ideas. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution

The third estate, the closely living masses, the people, has its outstanding buildings, but these are of comparatively local and small importance. Life in a Mediæval City Illustrated by York in the XVth Century

The political benefits of the Reformation inured primarily to the king and secondarily to the third estate. The Age of the Reformation

The third estate had gained a fuller parliamentary power. History of the English People, Volume II The Charter, 1216-1307; The Parliament, 1307-1400

Some of the more liberal of the nobles—Lafayette, for example—and a large minority of the clergy wished to meet with the deputies of the third estate. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

He was named deputy of the third estate in the States General. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution

Acting under powerful leaders, the commoners, or "third estate," swept aside the clergy and nobility and resolved themselves into a national assembly. History of the United States

That of the third estate, the toiling class, being to support the other two. A Short History of France

These in most countries were three—nobles, clergy, and commons, the commons being the third estate. Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson

The commons, or third estate, summoned to the Estates General, 1302. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe

The third estate, jealous and envious, fiercely demanded their place and their rights amongst the privileged castes; its justice appeared hatred. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution

I am accused of ignorance, for speaking of the third estate, as not sitting in the same house with the other two. The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 07

The lowest stratum of the third estate was composed of "serfs." A Short History of France

These divisions corresponded, as is evident, to our three ancient castes, the clergy, the nobility, and the third estate. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01

I found the representation for the third estate composed of six hundred persons. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 03 (of 12)

Next to the corvées, the monster grievance of the third estate was the system of enrolments for the militia. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2)

To these the third estate was necessary as a base of supplies, and together they guarded it from foes divine and mortal. The Religions of India Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume 1, Edited by Morris Jastrow

The cahiers of the third estate are, in truth, few and defective, yet there are some communities that have done their work well. The Bay State Monthly — Volume 1, No. 5, May, 1884

There is no longer in France clergy, or noblesse, or third estate; the distinction is factitious, merely representative and without real meaning; the monarch speaks, all else are people, and all else obey. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Having considered the composition of the third estate, as it stood in its original frame, I took a view of the representatives of the clergy. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 03 (of 12)

In Brittany all noblemen settled in the province had the right of sitting, whilst the third estate were represented by only forty deputies. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5

The third estate had its favorite gods, but these were little regarded, and were in a state of decadence. The Religions of India Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume 1, Edited by Morris Jastrow

They numbered five hundred and five deputies; one hundred and ninety-one of the third estate, one hundred and eighty of the noblesse, one hundred and thirty-four of the clergy. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 4

In this Assembly, intended to sanction the abolition of privileges, a few municipal officers alone represented the third estate and the classes intended to profit by the abolition. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Clergy, nobles, and third estate, there was not in any of their minds any revolutionary yearning or any thought of social war. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 3

In Languedoc, on the contrary, the nobility had but twenty-three representatives, and the class of the third estate numbered sixty-eight deputies. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5

Taking the history of France in its entirety and under all its phases, the third estate has been the most active and determining element in the process of French civilization. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

There were three classes represented, the nobles, the clergy, and what was called "the third estate," which meant merchants, shopkeepers, and the poor gentlemen. The World War and What was Behind It Or, the Story of the Map of Europe

The title of States-general was oppressive to the new assembly, it recalled the distinction between the orders as well as the humble posture of the third estate heretofore. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Finally, in the Low Countries, in Holland, the councils of the different duchies and counties were attended by representatives of the third estate as early as the thirteenth century. The Story of Mankind

The notables met at Rouen to the number of eighty, nine of the clergy, nineteen of the noblesse, fifty-two of the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5

There have been communes, we say, throughout Europe; but there has not really been a victorious third estate anywhere, save in France. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

Under his leadership, the third estate defied the king, and the temper of the people was such that the king dared not force them to do his will. The World War and What was Behind It Or, the Story of the Map of Europe

Rejected by the noblesse, dreaded by the third estate, even when it was under his influence, Mirabeau constantly sought alliance between the kingship and liberty. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

To double the vote of the third estate was just, it is said, since the people paid nearly all the taxes. What is Property?

Amongst the members there were one hundred and forty of the clergy, one hundred and thirty-two of the noblesse, and one hundred and ninety-two of the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5

Thus, at the end of the fifteenth century, the expression third estate was constantly employed; but is it not of older date? A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

The clergy nominated bishops and abbés attached to privilege, and curés favourable to the popular cause, which was their own; lastly, the third estate selected men enlightened, firm, and unanimous in their wishes. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

Introduced without delay to the king, they left, in front of the palace, the deputies of the third estate to wait in the rain. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

But it was a question at that time of reforming the government and the constitution; consequently, the doubling of the vote of the third estate was a usurpation, and an attack on property. What is Property?

At one of these discussions a third estate came into being. The Gray Dawn

I do not find, in my account of the word, third estate before the sixteenth century. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

Its leaders were two men, strangers to the third estate, and adopted by it. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

"Sir," said he, "accept the homage of the clergy, the respects of the noblesse, and the most humble supplications of the third estate." A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Five years after the publication of the brochure of Sieyes, the third estate was every thing; the king, the nobility, the clergy, were no more. What is Property?

There was no burgher class, no "third estate." Outline of Universal History

The more closely the French third estate is examined, the more it is recognized as a new fact in the world's history, appertaining exclusively to the civilization of modern, Christian Europe. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

Under the regency, the third estate acquired in importance, by their increasing wealth and intelligence, all that the nobility lost in consideration, and the clergy in influence. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

I have exhausted my lungs and have no hope that we shall succeed completely on all points, but the differences of opinion between the noblesse and the third estate are not embarrassing. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Henceforth the middle class, the bourgeoisie, the "third estate," distinguished as it was for wealth, intelligence, and enterprise, exerted an ever-greater influence on European affairs. Early European History

In the tenth century we see the beginnings of an intermediate class, the germ of "the third estate." Outline of Universal History

The third estate drew its origin and nourishment from all sorts of sources; and whilst one was within an ace of drying up, the others remained abundant and fruitful. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

The third estate, which increased daily in strength, wealth, intelligence, and union, was destined to combat and to displace it. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

The want of foresight and the nervous hesitation of the ministers had placed the third estate in a novel and a strong situation. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

The nobles, the clergy, and the "third estate" rallied around Philip, accused the pope of heresy and tyranny, and declared that the French king was subject to God alone. Early European History

The "third estate" is denominated the House of Assembly, and consists of 130 members, 65 for each province. The Englishwoman in America

Of all the original sources of the third estate, this it is, perhaps, which has contributed most to bring about the social preponderance of that order. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

The modest third estate came last, clothed in black, with short cloaks, muslin cravats, and hats without feathers or loops. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

Taking the history of France in its totality and in all its phases, the third estate has been the most active and most decisive element in French civilization. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Who comprised the "third estate" in the Middle Ages? Early European History

They might have concluded a satisfactory reconstruction of the third estate, without producing that convulsion with which, from its violent fabrication, our social system still vibrates. Coningsby

Now that we have clearly marked the profound difference between the third estate and the communes, we will return to the communes alone, which had the priority in respect of time. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

Weariness was therefore to bring about a union; this was what the third estate hoped, what the bishops feared, and what induced them on the 13th of May to offer themselves as mediators. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

Mirabeau was shut out from the states-provincial and soon adopted eagerly by the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

As little did the third estate of France, when it entered the Convention in 1789, realize that its road lay over the ruins of the throne. Equality

It was composed of three hundred nobles, three hundred priests, and six hundred deputies of the third estate,--twelve hundred in all. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 09 European Statesmen

Only, in point of fact, it was most frequently the third estate that must have profited by the regulation. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

The court had favoured the progress of the third estate, and had contributed to the development of one of its chief means of advancement, its intelligence. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

Legality still stood; the third estate maintained a proud moderation, the border was easily passed, a name was sufficient. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

He was a third estate, dry, repulsive, and unsocial to all. The Works of Charles and Mary Lamb — Volume 2 Elia and The Last Essays of Elia

But a large majority of both the clergy and the noblesse insist with pertinacity on the three separate chambers, since, united, they would neutralize the third estate. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 09 European Statesmen

I quote these two instances of it: 'As to the third order called third estate . A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

Parliament had maintained a struggle for authority, and not for the public welfare; and the nobility had united with the third estate, rather against the government than in favour of the people. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

"What is the third estate?" said that able revolutionist. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Monarchs began to come into direct contact, not always pleasant, with the entire mass of their subjects, the "third estate," the common people. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 08 The Later Renaissance: from Gutenberg to the Reformation

Oh, the conversation of the third estate is so pretty, I could listen to it for ever. Nature and Human Nature

In the course of government anterior to 1789, so far was the third estate from being nothing, that it had been every day becoming greater and stronger. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2

The epoch at which the third estate was to share the sway had at last arrived. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

At the moment when France was electing the constituent assembly, a man, whose mind was more powerful than accurate, Abbe Sieyes, could say, 'What is the third estate? A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

What is the shape of it in this third estate? Meaning of Truth

The twenty-six ward-masters, appointed, two from each ward, by the Senate on nomination by tie wards, formed the third estate. The Rise of the Dutch Republic — Volume 02: Introduction II

Direct action groups of the "third estate" may transform the political landscape in forthcoming elections. Russian Roulette: Russia's Economy in Putin's Era

This double representation was required by the intellect of the age, the necessity of reform, and by the importance which the third estate had acquired. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

In the course of the regimen anterior to 1789, so far was the third estate from being nothing that it had every day become greater and stronger. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

Thus it was that the administration, like a pyramid, broadened towards its base, and the whole structure rested upon the third estate, or rank and file of the people. The Seigneurs of Old Canada : A Chronicle of New World Feudalism

The bourgeoisie, who had made the Revolution, were already to a man against it; the Girondists, the leaders of the third estate, had fallen away, and over their heads the axe was already hanging. In the Reign of Terror

But, by reason of this very separation, the island remained forever free from the future political commotions of what is known as "the third estate." Irish Race in the Past and the Present

The nobility, the third estate, the provincial states, and even the clergy, took part in it. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814

The petty noblesse and the lower provincial clergy had everywhere taken the side of the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

On a third estate the priest, bearing a cross, came to meet him surrounded by children whom, by the count's generosity, he was instructing in reading, writing, and religion. War and Peace

The rich stayed at home, the poor died, and the unfortunate third estate of gipsies, balladmongers, tinkers, tumblers, and thieves had no chance of displaying their dexterity. Orpheus in Mayfair and Other Stories and Sketches

It was natural that such men should see in the victory of the third estate of France the dawn of a new Saturnian age. Critical and Historical Essays — Volume 1

The third estate looked upon it as a manoeuvre against double representation; the mass of the two orders protested against the forced liberality which it was attempted to thrust upon them. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6

单词	third estate
例句	third estate And now the fencing has come to the Supreme Court, to the third estate. Perspective \| The Supreme Court: Unreachable, inaccessible and frightening 2022-05-10T04:00:00Z The term had a special resonance with his Francophone audience because it recalled the third estate, “tiers-état,” of the French Revolution. The Origins and Legacy of the Idea of the 'Third World' 2015-08-26T04:00:00Z Has the King ordered us, too, to sit with the third estate? The Red Cockade 2012-03-30T02:00:19.603Z The Revolution was the victory of the third estate, i.e., of the great masses of the nation, working in production and in trade, over the privileged idle classes, the nobles and the priests. Socialism: Utopian and Scientific 2012-03-26T02:00:37.300Z Voltaire soon afterwards purchased a third estate at Ferney, just a little over the French border, and here, eventually, he lived en grande seigneur, and was known as the “patriarch of Ferney.” Voltaire: A Sketch of his Life and Works 2012-03-14T02:00:25.570Z I do not think that the problems resulting from the ambiguous position of the feudal villain can be solved better than on the supposition of this 'third estate.' Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In the Constituent Assembly its members did not number more than 30 out of the 578 of the third estate. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 9 "Dagupan" to "David" 2012-02-11T03:03:39.807Z Many of the cahiers of the third estate demand that no treaty of commerce should be entered into without previous consultation with the industries interested. Principles of Political Economy, Vol. II 2012-01-25T03:00:34.150Z Hence, to Saint Simon the antagonism between the third estate and the privileged classes took the form of an antagonism between "workers" and "idlers." Socialism: Utopian and Scientific 2012-03-26T02:00:37.300Z In order to moderate the selfishness and tyranny of the first and second estates, composed of the clergy and nobility, he erected the cities into a third estate, of equal legislative authority. Monks, Popes, and their Political Intrigues 2011-10-12T02:00:43.383Z The fallen angels, the imperious lords of Heaven, have been succeeded by the lowly third estate, the human worms whom they so much despised. Vondel's Lucifer 2011-10-09T02:00:28.557Z Consequently, when the States-General were convoked, Lecamus was unanimously elected to represent the third estate by the influence of the priests, which was at that time enormous in Paris. The Works of Honor? de Balzac About Catherine de' Medici, Seraphita and Other Stories 2011-09-02T02:00:23.810Z On the 19th of November Parliament met again, and in a mood which boded ill for the relations between the sovereign and the third estate of his realm. William the Third 2011-07-31T02:00:12.077Z The third estate insisted on the vote by head, the graduated abolition of privilege in all governmental affairs, a written constitution and union. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z The diet now advanced to the work of framing a constitution; while the representatives of the third estate were, in the meanwhile, admitted to a seat in the assembly. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z Having kept his second estate, and filled the measure of his responsibilities in the flesh, he passes the veil of death, and enters a third estate, or probationary sphere. Key to the Science of Theology 2011-03-05T03:00:29Z In this process he completed the work of the Revolution by exalting the third estate to ascendancy in the nation. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. IV. (of IV.) 2011-01-05T03:00:52.520Z However this may have been, the good effect of the exercise of these rights, imperfect as they were, by the third estate, must be highly estimated. History of The Reign of Philip The Second King of Spain Volume The Third and Biographical & Critical Miscellanies The third estate refused to obey, and by the mouth of Bailly and Mirabeau asserted the legitimacy of the Revolution. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z Latterly they gained a voice in parliaments as the “third estate” and established our modern representative democracy. Races and Immigrants in America The woman’s rights movement has very few adherents in the third estate, and it is exactly the women of this estate that ought to be the natural supporters of the movement. The Modern Woman's Rights Movement A Historical Survey In 1789 he was elected by the third estate of Paris to the states general, and attracted attention by his speeches against social inequalities. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 2 "Camorra" to "Cape Colony" The first defections from the ranks of the aristocracy were made on the 13th of June, when three cur�s of Poitou took their seats with the third estate. Paris From the Earliest Period to the Present Day; Volume 2 The third estate wanted civil liberty above all; political liberty came second only, as a means and guarantee for the former. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z The former in his interpretation of history substituted social physics for economic law and politics, and in spite of many idealistic and positivistic uncertainties, he almost discovered the genesis of the third estate. Essays on the Materialistic Conception of History It was the lower class that won the battles of the third estate; that took the Bastille, and made France a constitutional monarchy; that took the Tuileries, and made France a Republic. The History of Freedom It had long been said that the third estate paid with its property, the nobility with its blood, the clergy with its prayers. Paris from the Earliest Period to the Present Day; Volume 1 The third estate in France was divided into the bourgeoisie and the peasantry and small artisans. History of Human Society And in this they lagged behind their contemporary theorists of the bourgeoisie, who understood very well the historical significance at any rate of the struggle of the third estate against the nobles. Anarchism and Socialism The third estate, formerly hardly recognized as having an existence, is becoming the controlling power in most of those ancient communities. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject By this measure the class which formed what we should call the third estate was brought down to 14,000 citizens, and became about equal in numbers with the higher ranks. The History of Freedom A daring enthusiast, in 1789 he was elected, on account of his revolutionary principles, by the third estate of Artois, to a seat in the Constituent Assembly. Great Men and Famous Women. Vol. 4 A series of pen and pencil sketches of the lives of more than 200 of the most prominent personages in History This usurpation of power on the part of the third estate transformed the old feudal Estates, voting by orders, into the first modern national representative assembly on the continent of Europe. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe The third estate voted itself a "national assembly," and, after a struggle of six weeks, gained its point, and the estates were constituted as a single assembly. The Political History of England - Vol. X. The History of England from the Accession of George III to the close of Pitt's first Administration Neglect of it would be like neglect of the third estate in the history of France for the eighteenth century. Historical Essays Then followed discussions in reference to the Tiers �tat, as to what the third estate really represented, and as to the number of deputies who should be called to the assembly of the States General. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges Although by birth they belonged in the main to the third estate, they were in reality adjunct to the first, and consequently, being integral members of neither, formed a strong independent class by themselves. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) Everybody who did not belong to either the clergy or nobility was regarded as being of the third estate. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe It is the third estate, so necessary to preserve the balance of power between the executive and the people, and which has unfortunately disappeared. Diary in America, Series Two The constitutional changes proposed by the formal cahier of the third estate were of an equally radical character. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1 The king was seated on a magnificent throne, the nobles and the clergy on both sides of the hall, and the third estate at the farther end. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges In 1614, at the close of the middle ages, the third estate had been little concerned with the agricultural laborer. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) A great part of the third estate lived in the country and tilled the soil. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe He was among the first of the clergy to join the third estate and contributed largely to the union of the three orders. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 4, 1919 He declared it to be utterly inconceivable how such enormous debts had been incurred, while the purses of the "third estate" had been drained by unheard-of subsidies. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1 Some of the most resolute of the nobles urged the king to adopt vigorous measures against the usurpation of the third estate; but he was timid and irresolute. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges In it the Abb� Siey�s asked the question, "What is the third estate?" and answered so as to strengthen the already spreading conviction that the people of France were really the nation. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) In spite of the king's commands the representatives of the third estate refused to organize themselves in the old way as a separate order. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe On the memorable Fourth of May, 1789, Robespierre appeared at Versailles as one of the representatives of the third estate of his native province of Artois. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 1 of 3) Essay 1: Robespierre If the harangue of the orator of the third estate was alarming to the clergy, its written demands were little calculated to reassure them. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1 As the two privileged classes surrendered their powers to the monarch, the third estate was coming into its own. The Age of the Reformation The King was so far convinced as to agree that the third estate should be represented by delegates equal in number to those of the clergy and nobles combined. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) The nobility and clergy forced to join the third estate. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe With the expansion, or rather first growth and development of a gentry, or third estate, expanded, pari passu, the political field of their jurisdiction and their deliberative functions. The Uncollected Writings of Thomas de Quincey—Vol. 1 With a Preface and Annotations by James Hogg The presence of the people, he said, was in no wise necessary, inasmuch as the king's sole object was to relieve the third estate. History of the Rise of the Huguenots Vol. 1 It is therefore not very important to inquire whether the lot of the third estate was getting better or worse during the first quarter of the sixteenth century. The Age of the Reformation On June twenty-seventh a majority of the delegates from the two upper estates joined those of the third estate in constituting a national assembly. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) The representatives of the third estate declare themselves a 'National Assembly.' An Introduction to the History of Western Europe Finally, the bourgeoisie, well-informed or learned, prefaced the emancipation of the third estate by the insurrection of the new condition of ideas. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution The third estate, the closely living masses, the people, has its outstanding buildings, but these are of comparatively local and small importance. Life in a Mediæval City Illustrated by York in the XVth Century The political benefits of the Reformation inured primarily to the king and secondarily to the third estate. The Age of the Reformation The third estate had gained a fuller parliamentary power. History of the English People, Volume II The Charter, 1216-1307; The Parliament, 1307-1400 Some of the more liberal of the nobles—Lafayette, for example—and a large minority of the clergy wished to meet with the deputies of the third estate. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe He was named deputy of the third estate in the States General. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution Acting under powerful leaders, the commoners, or "third estate," swept aside the clergy and nobility and resolved themselves into a national assembly. History of the United States That of the third estate, the toiling class, being to support the other two. A Short History of France These in most countries were three—nobles, clergy, and commons, the commons being the third estate. Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson The commons, or third estate, summoned to the Estates General, 1302. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe The third estate, jealous and envious, fiercely demanded their place and their rights amongst the privileged castes; its justice appeared hatred. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution I am accused of ignorance, for speaking of the third estate, as not sitting in the same house with the other two. The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 07 The lowest stratum of the third estate was composed of "serfs." A Short History of France These divisions corresponded, as is evident, to our three ancient castes, the clergy, the nobility, and the third estate. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01 I found the representation for the third estate composed of six hundred persons. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 03 (of 12) Next to the corvées, the monster grievance of the third estate was the system of enrolments for the militia. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2) To these the third estate was necessary as a base of supplies, and together they guarded it from foes divine and mortal. The Religions of India Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume 1, Edited by Morris Jastrow The cahiers of the third estate are, in truth, few and defective, yet there are some communities that have done their work well. The Bay State Monthly — Volume 1, No. 5, May, 1884 There is no longer in France clergy, or noblesse, or third estate; the distinction is factitious, merely representative and without real meaning; the monarch speaks, all else are people, and all else obey. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Having considered the composition of the third estate, as it stood in its original frame, I took a view of the representatives of the clergy. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 03 (of 12) In Brittany all noblemen settled in the province had the right of sitting, whilst the third estate were represented by only forty deputies. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5 The third estate had its favorite gods, but these were little regarded, and were in a state of decadence. The Religions of India Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume 1, Edited by Morris Jastrow They numbered five hundred and five deputies; one hundred and ninety-one of the third estate, one hundred and eighty of the noblesse, one hundred and thirty-four of the clergy. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 4 In this Assembly, intended to sanction the abolition of privileges, a few municipal officers alone represented the third estate and the classes intended to profit by the abolition. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Clergy, nobles, and third estate, there was not in any of their minds any revolutionary yearning or any thought of social war. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 3 In Languedoc, on the contrary, the nobility had but twenty-three representatives, and the class of the third estate numbered sixty-eight deputies. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5 Taking the history of France in its entirety and under all its phases, the third estate has been the most active and determining element in the process of French civilization. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 There were three classes represented, the nobles, the clergy, and what was called "the third estate," which meant merchants, shopkeepers, and the poor gentlemen. The World War and What was Behind It Or, the Story of the Map of Europe The title of States-general was oppressive to the new assembly, it recalled the distinction between the orders as well as the humble posture of the third estate heretofore. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Finally, in the Low Countries, in Holland, the councils of the different duchies and counties were attended by representatives of the third estate as early as the thirteenth century. The Story of Mankind The notables met at Rouen to the number of eighty, nine of the clergy, nineteen of the noblesse, fifty-two of the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5 There have been communes, we say, throughout Europe; but there has not really been a victorious third estate anywhere, save in France. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 Under his leadership, the third estate defied the king, and the temper of the people was such that the king dared not force them to do his will. The World War and What was Behind It Or, the Story of the Map of Europe Rejected by the noblesse, dreaded by the third estate, even when it was under his influence, Mirabeau constantly sought alliance between the kingship and liberty. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 To double the vote of the third estate was just, it is said, since the people paid nearly all the taxes. What is Property? Amongst the members there were one hundred and forty of the clergy, one hundred and thirty-two of the noblesse, and one hundred and ninety-two of the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 5 Thus, at the end of the fifteenth century, the expression third estate was constantly employed; but is it not of older date? A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 The clergy nominated bishops and abbés attached to privilege, and curés favourable to the popular cause, which was their own; lastly, the third estate selected men enlightened, firm, and unanimous in their wishes. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Introduced without delay to the king, they left, in front of the palace, the deputies of the third estate to wait in the rain. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 But it was a question at that time of reforming the government and the constitution; consequently, the doubling of the vote of the third estate was a usurpation, and an attack on property. What is Property? At one of these discussions a third estate came into being. The Gray Dawn I do not find, in my account of the word, third estate before the sixteenth century. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 Its leaders were two men, strangers to the third estate, and adopted by it. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 "Sir," said he, "accept the homage of the clergy, the respects of the noblesse, and the most humble supplications of the third estate." A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Five years after the publication of the brochure of Sieyes, the third estate was every thing; the king, the nobility, the clergy, were no more. What is Property? There was no burgher class, no "third estate." Outline of Universal History The more closely the French third estate is examined, the more it is recognized as a new fact in the world's history, appertaining exclusively to the civilization of modern, Christian Europe. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 Under the regency, the third estate acquired in importance, by their increasing wealth and intelligence, all that the nobility lost in consideration, and the clergy in influence. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 I have exhausted my lungs and have no hope that we shall succeed completely on all points, but the differences of opinion between the noblesse and the third estate are not embarrassing. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Henceforth the middle class, the bourgeoisie, the "third estate," distinguished as it was for wealth, intelligence, and enterprise, exerted an ever-greater influence on European affairs. Early European History In the tenth century we see the beginnings of an intermediate class, the germ of "the third estate." Outline of Universal History The third estate drew its origin and nourishment from all sorts of sources; and whilst one was within an ace of drying up, the others remained abundant and fruitful. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 The third estate, which increased daily in strength, wealth, intelligence, and union, was destined to combat and to displace it. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 The want of foresight and the nervous hesitation of the ministers had placed the third estate in a novel and a strong situation. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 The nobles, the clergy, and the "third estate" rallied around Philip, accused the pope of heresy and tyranny, and declared that the French king was subject to God alone. Early European History The "third estate" is denominated the House of Assembly, and consists of 130 members, 65 for each province. The Englishwoman in America Of all the original sources of the third estate, this it is, perhaps, which has contributed most to bring about the social preponderance of that order. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 The modest third estate came last, clothed in black, with short cloaks, muslin cravats, and hats without feathers or loops. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Taking the history of France in its totality and in all its phases, the third estate has been the most active and most decisive element in French civilization. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Who comprised the "third estate" in the Middle Ages? Early European History They might have concluded a satisfactory reconstruction of the third estate, without producing that convulsion with which, from its violent fabrication, our social system still vibrates. Coningsby Now that we have clearly marked the profound difference between the third estate and the communes, we will return to the communes alone, which had the priority in respect of time. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 Weariness was therefore to bring about a union; this was what the third estate hoped, what the bishops feared, and what induced them on the 13th of May to offer themselves as mediators. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Mirabeau was shut out from the states-provincial and soon adopted eagerly by the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 As little did the third estate of France, when it entered the Convention in 1789, realize that its road lay over the ruins of the throne. Equality It was composed of three hundred nobles, three hundred priests, and six hundred deputies of the third estate,--twelve hundred in all. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 09 European Statesmen Only, in point of fact, it was most frequently the third estate that must have profited by the regulation. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 The court had favoured the progress of the third estate, and had contributed to the development of one of its chief means of advancement, its intelligence. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Legality still stood; the third estate maintained a proud moderation, the border was easily passed, a name was sufficient. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 He was a third estate, dry, repulsive, and unsocial to all. The Works of Charles and Mary Lamb — Volume 2 Elia and The Last Essays of Elia But a large majority of both the clergy and the noblesse insist with pertinacity on the three separate chambers, since, united, they would neutralize the third estate. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 09 European Statesmen I quote these two instances of it: 'As to the third order called third estate . A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 Parliament had maintained a struggle for authority, and not for the public welfare; and the nobility had united with the third estate, rather against the government than in favour of the people. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 "What is the third estate?" said that able revolutionist. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Monarchs began to come into direct contact, not always pleasant, with the entire mass of their subjects, the "third estate," the common people. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 08 The Later Renaissance: from Gutenberg to the Reformation Oh, the conversation of the third estate is so pretty, I could listen to it for ever. Nature and Human Nature In the course of government anterior to 1789, so far was the third estate from being nothing, that it had been every day becoming greater and stronger. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 2 The epoch at which the third estate was to share the sway had at last arrived. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 At the moment when France was electing the constituent assembly, a man, whose mind was more powerful than accurate, Abbe Sieyes, could say, 'What is the third estate? A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 What is the shape of it in this third estate? Meaning of Truth The twenty-six ward-masters, appointed, two from each ward, by the Senate on nomination by tie wards, formed the third estate. The Rise of the Dutch Republic — Volume 02: Introduction II Direct action groups of the "third estate" may transform the political landscape in forthcoming elections. Russian Roulette: Russia's Economy in Putin's Era This double representation was required by the intellect of the age, the necessity of reform, and by the importance which the third estate had acquired. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 In the course of the regimen anterior to 1789, so far was the third estate from being nothing that it had every day become greater and stronger. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 Thus it was that the administration, like a pyramid, broadened towards its base, and the whole structure rested upon the third estate, or rank and file of the people. The Seigneurs of Old Canada : A Chronicle of New World Feudalism The bourgeoisie, who had made the Revolution, were already to a man against it; the Girondists, the leaders of the third estate, had fallen away, and over their heads the axe was already hanging. In the Reign of Terror But, by reason of this very separation, the island remained forever free from the future political commotions of what is known as "the third estate." Irish Race in the Past and the Present The nobility, the third estate, the provincial states, and even the clergy, took part in it. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 The petty noblesse and the lower provincial clergy had everywhere taken the side of the third estate. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6 On a third estate the priest, bearing a cross, came to meet him surrounded by children whom, by the count's generosity, he was instructing in reading, writing, and religion. War and Peace The rich stayed at home, the poor died, and the unfortunate third estate of gipsies, balladmongers, tinkers, tumblers, and thieves had no chance of displaying their dexterity. Orpheus in Mayfair and Other Stories and Sketches It was natural that such men should see in the victory of the third estate of France the dawn of a new Saturnian age. Critical and Historical Essays — Volume 1 The third estate looked upon it as a manoeuvre against double representation; the mass of the two orders protested against the forced liberality which it was attempted to thrust upon them. A Popular History of France from the Earliest Times, Volume 6
随便看	common sunflower common teasel common thyme common time common tobacco common touch common viper common wart common wasp common wheat common wormwood common year common yellowthroat common-law common-law marriage commonage commonality commonalty commoner commonly commonness commonplace commonplace book commonplaceness commons