| 单词 | thallus |
| 例句 | Large cells form the thallus: the main stem of the alga. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The body of a lichen, referred to as a thallus, is formed of hyphae wrapped around the green partner. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Foliose species have lobed, leaflike bodies, or thalli; you can see both their upper and lower surfaces, which are different colors. Your garden isn’t winding down: It’s still lichen season 2021-11-22T05:00:00Z Capsules short-pedicelled, or sessile on the thallus, or immersed in its substance, free or connate with the calyptra, globose, at length rupturing irregularly. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z These structures cannot then be produced from the product of a single spore nor even from the thalli derived from any two spores. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 3 "Frost" to "Fyzabad" 2011-08-15T02:00:28.473Z The thallus of lichens grows very slowly, expanding its diameter a few millimeters per year. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The photosynthetic organism provides carbon and energy in the form of carbohydrates and receives protection from the elements by the thallus of the fungal partner. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Fruticose lichens have thalli that are branch-, cup- or club-like, imparting the look of tiny shrubs. Your garden isn’t winding down: It’s still lichen season 2021-11-22T05:00:00Z Antheridia immersed in the thallus, covered with dentate scales. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Piece of thallus of Parmelia conspersa, with section through an apothecium. The Elements of Botany For Beginners and For Schools Zygomycetes have a thallus of coenocytic hyphae in which the nuclei are haploid when the organism is in the vegetative stage. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z External enzymes digest nutrients that are absorbed by the body of the fungus called a thallus. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z That the generic relationship of the coloured “gonidia” to the colourless filaments which compose the lichen thallus, had only been assumed, and not proved; 2nd. Fungi: Their Nature and Uses Gemmæ globose, issuing by a slender ascending tube from large flask-shaped receptacles which are immersed in the thallus. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Piece of thallus of a Sticta, with section, showing the immersed apothecia; the small openings of these dot the surface. The Elements of Botany For Beginners and For Schools They may be released from the parent thallus either outside or within a special reproductive sac called a sporangium. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The colouring matter is ready formed and abundant in the thallus. Vegetable Dyes Being a Book of Recipes and Other Information Useful to the Dyer This, in contradistinction to the leafy shoot, is termed a thallus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Fructification dorsal near the end of the thallus. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z The host is usually found throughout the superficial portions of the thallus, except near the upper surface, from which portion the algae are usually absent, except in a dead or dying condition, difficult to detect. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V The body of a lichen, referred to as a thallus, is formed of hyphae wrapped around the photosynthetic partner. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In these there is a thallus which starts from a central point and continually divides in a forked or dichotomous manner. Scientific American Supplement, No. 531, March 6, 1886 A, Longitudinal section of thallus at the time of fertilization. an, Antheridia; ar, archegonia; in, involucre. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Antheridia borne in the apical sinus of the thallus. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Cortex developed on both upper and lower sides of thallus, spores brown Nephroma. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V In a bryophyte, all the conspicuous vegetative organs—including the photosynthetic leaf-like structures, the thallus, stem, and the rhizoid that anchors the plant to its substrate—belong to the haploid organism or gametophyte. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z They are set free by the rupture of the ascus, and germinate by putting out through their walls one or more filaments which branch and form the thallus of a new individual. Scientific American Supplement, No. 531, March 6, 1886 The broad flat thallus is green and may be a couple of inches long. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Antheridia borne in follicular bodies on the surface of a separate thallus.—An anomalous genus, perhaps more closely related to the Jungermanniaceæ. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Orbicular sorediate areas on the upper surface of the thallus 3. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V Spores disseminated by wind or water germinate into flattened thalli attached to the substrate by thin, single-celled filaments. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z These are plants growing in sea or fresh water, or on damp surfaces, with a filamentous, or more rarely a leaf-like pulverulent or gelatinous thallus; the last two forms essentially microscopic. Scientific American Supplement, No. 384, May 12, 1883 The wing-like lateral portions of the thallus gradually thin out from the midrib; from the projecting lower surface of this numerous rhizoids spring. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Capsules immersed in the thallus or sessile upon it, indehiscent. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z With the advance in these two directions has gone a slightly increased development of the thallus. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V A slender stalk extends from the thallus, and an archegonial head sits at its top. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The dorsiventral thallus is constructed on the same plan throughout the group, and shows a lower region composed of cells containing little chlorophyll and an upper stratum specialized for assimilation and transpiration. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" These are elongated superficial cells, and serve to fix the thallus to the soil and obtain water and salts from it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Thallus without epidermis; capsule with a columella, short-pedicelled or sessile on the thallus. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z In structure, the thallus is crustose, and the thalli vary from inconspicuous, evanescent conditions to those which are conspicuous and sometimes even subsquamulous. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V Photosynthetic cells in the thallus contain a single chloroplast. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The thallus bears two sorts of rhizoids, wider ones with smooth walls which grow directly down into the soil, and longer, narrower ones, with peg-like thickenings of the wall projecting into the cell-cavity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" No leaf-like appendages are borne on the thallus, but short glandular hairs occur behind the apex. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Antheridia immersed in the surface of receptacles proceeding from the margin of the thallus. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Rarely the thallus extends upward as a veil which surrounds the apothecia laterally and suggests how the thalloid exciple of higher families probably arose. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V The spores sprout, producing a new thallus and rhizoids. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The upper stratum of the thallus is constructed to regulate the giving off of the water thus absorbed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The growth of the thallus proceeds by the regular segmentation of a single apical cell. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Involucre sessile, continuous with the thallus, opening irregularly above. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Tuck., with much stronger, darker thallus and apothecia on the whole larger. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V The base of the hornwort plant, called the thallus, has a wrinkled, leaf-like appearance. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The sexual organs are always situated on the morphologically upper surface of the thallus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" On falling upon damp soil the spores germinate, growing into a thallus, which gradually attains its full size and bears sexual organs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Plant-body a thallus, dichotomous or subpalmately branching, usually innovating from the apex or beneath it, more or less thickened in the middle, and bearing numerous rootlets beneath and usually colored or imbricating scales. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z On shaded sandstone, intermingled with an ash-gray, crustose thallus, which appeared like a sterile Pertusaria. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V The small thallus bears the antheridia and archegonia, each of which is surrounded by a tubular involucre, on the upper surface of distinct individuals. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The usually erect thallus has a broad wing-like outgrowth from the dorsal surface and two rows of rather large scales below. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The Marchantiales are a series of thalloid forms, in which the structure of the thallus is specialized to enable them to live in more exposed situations. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Fertile receptacle peduncled from an apical sinus of the thallus, radiately lobed. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z The thallus is plainly foliose with the margins of the lobes usually ascending and is gray-green to brown in color. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V The dark green thallus has an ill-defined midrib, and is composed of parenchymatous cells. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Mucilage is also often formed in intercellular spaces within the thallus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The Anthocerotales are a small and very distinct group, in which the gametophyte is a thallus, while the sporogonium possesses a sterile columella and is capable of long-continued growth and spore production. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Antheridia imbedded in an oval disk sessile near the apex of the thallus. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Cortex developed on the upper side of thallus only, spores hyaline Peltigera. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V Occasionally antheridia develop on the surface of shaded portions of the thallus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The necks of the archegonia hardly project above the general surface of the thallus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Fungal hyphae occur in the rhizoids and in the cells of the lower region of the thallus of many liverworts, as in the endotrophic mycorhiza of higher plants. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Antheridia in an oval or obcordate disk immersed in the apex of the thallus. The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee 2012-04-12T02:00:30.140Z Lower surface of the thallus of light color 4. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V The young sporogonium is protected by a thick calyptra derived from the tissue of the thallus around the archegonium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" In Dendroceros, which grows as an epiphyte in the tropics, the thallus has a well-defined midrib and broad wings composed of a single layer of cells. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The large thallus of Conocephalus covers stones by the waterside, while Dumortiera is a hygrophyte confined to damp and shady situations. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The filament soon broadens into a ribbon-shaped thallus, several cells thick, which is closely applied to the rock. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" A section through the thallus of Peltigera canina, showing the cortex above and the medulla below, the medullary hyphae of the lower portion running in a somewhat horizontal direction. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V A section through a cephalodium of Peltigera aphthosa; a, the surrounding cortex; b, the internal hyphae and the cells of the algal host; c, the supporting hyphae from the thallus below. Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V |
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