| 单词 | tetrapod |
| 例句 | He added that the paper focuses only on mammals, so future investigations could look at whether the same irreversibilities also hold in other tetrapod lineages. Dolphins and Whales Will Never Evolve Back into Land Animals 2023-07-17T04:00:00Z The finding, which he and his colleagues reported in 2020, suggests a tonguelike structure may have helped early tetrapods feed, even before they climbed onto solid ground. How the tongue shaped life on Earth 2023-05-24T04:00:00Z These embryonic membranes and the lack of a larval stage distinguish amniotes from tetrapod amphibians. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Amphibians evolved in the Devonian period and were the earliest terrestrial tetrapods. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z And the larynx shows up in all tetrapods — a group that includes animals like birds, reptiles and mammals that descended from four-limbed creatures. What Sounds Did Dinosaurs Make? 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z These awkward vertebrates had the beginnings of limbs that allowed them to trundle around, and subsequent generations evolved to become the tetrapod species we see today. Dolphins and Whales Will Never Evolve Back into Land Animals 2023-07-17T04:00:00Z “More than 30 different lineages of tetrapods have independently invaded water ecosystems. Why not for dinosaurs?” A Penguin-Like Shape May Have Helped This Dinosaur Dive 2022-12-01T05:00:00Z Amphibians evolved during the Devonian period and were the earliest terrestrial tetrapods. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z As tetrapods, most amphibians are characterized by four well-developed limbs, although some species of salamanders and all caecilians possess only vestigial limbs. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z A firmer, more ossified vertebral column became common in terrestrial tetrapods because it reduces strain while providing the strength needed to support the body’s weight. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The scales had a distinctive diamond-like pattern only found on fish that are closely related to tetrapods. These Fins Were Made for Walking … and Then Swimming 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z One of these has a mix of fish and tetrapod features and could be called a “fishapod”—part fish, part tetrapod. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z The fossil record provides evidence of amphibian species, now extinct, that arose over 400 million years ago as the first tetrapods. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Adult salamanders usually have a generalized tetrapod body plan with four limbs and a tail. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Because of a lateral undulating vertebral column, in early tetrapods, the limbs were splayed out to the side and movement occurred by performing “push-ups.” Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z A careful comparison of its anatomy confirmed that Qikiqtania was closely related to tetrapods and might be the closest known relative to Tiktaalik. These Fins Were Made for Walking … and Then Swimming 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z The forks in this cladogram show the order in which various groups branched off from the tetrapod lineage. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z However, it also had four limbs, with the skeletal structure of limbs found in present-day tetrapods, including amphibians. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Limbless reptiles—snakes—may have vestigial limbs and, like caecilians, are classified as tetrapods because they are descended from four-limbed ancestors. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Later tetrapods have their limbs placed under their bodies, so that each stride requires less force to move forward. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “Any new fossil that can help us understand what’s happening during the early stages of the evolution of the tetrapod body plan is incredibly important because we have such few fossils that document this period.” These Fins Were Made for Walking … and Then Swimming 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z Snakes are reptiles, which are tetrapods, but they don’t have four limbs! Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z The early tetrapods that moved onto land had access to new nutrient sources and relatively few predators. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z That era on Earth was a goofy time to be a vertebrate, according to Ben Otoo, a graduate student studying early tetrapods at the University of Chicago. Started Out as a Fish. How Did It End Up Like This? 2022-04-29T04:00:00Z Terrestrial tetrapod diversity took 30 million years to recover after the end-Permian extinction. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It was not clear to her whether the tetrapod’s fin stuck straight out as a rigid paddle, for example. These Fins Were Made for Walking … and Then Swimming 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z In all tetrapods—the group that includes the first land vertebrates and their descendants—the primary vocalizations in the larynx are controlled predominantly by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Fossils Reveal When Animals Started Making Noise 2022-01-10T05:00:00Z This led to the widespread distribution of tetrapods during the early Carboniferous period. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Scientists may never know exactly why fish like Tiktaalik and early tetrapods — vertebrates with four limbs — moved onto land, said Alice Clement, an evolutionary biologist and paleontologist at Flinders University in South Australia. Started Out as a Fish. How Did It End Up Like This? 2022-04-29T04:00:00Z In later tetrapods, the vertebrae began allowing for vertical motion rather than lateral flexion. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Tiktaalik’s importance came into sharp focus when scientists put it on an evolutionary tree along with land vertebrates — known as tetrapods — and other tetrapod-like fish. These Fins Were Made for Walking … and Then Swimming 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z Together, the studies suggest that in terms of genes, the aquatic precursors of four-limbed land animals, or tetrapods, were as well-prepared as the Dutch fantasy fish. Fish had the genes to adapt to life on land—while they were still swimming the seas 2021-02-10T05:00:00Z It is thought that their gait is similar to that used by early tetrapods. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Until recently, scientists' grasp of the evolutionary transition between fishes and early tetrapods hinged mainly on several spectacular fossils that seem to bridge these two groups. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Clack proposed that the ‘middle ear’ of the earliest tetrapods was much more primitive, still a small gill opening as in fishes, and that the drum evolved later, a hypothesis that is now widely accepted. Jennifer Clack (1947–2020) 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z By looking at these branches, scientists could see how the tetrapod body evolved, step by step. These Fins Were Made for Walking … and Then Swimming 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z About 400 million years ago, they diverged from the line of lobe-finned fish that gave rise to tetrapods 30 million years later. Fish had the genes to adapt to life on land—while they were still swimming the seas 2021-02-10T05:00:00Z Therefore, it is thought that Acanthostega lived in shallow waters and was an intermediate form between lobe-finned fishes and early, fully terrestrial tetrapods. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Its skull also had distinctive features, including a long, flat snout and a specialized braincase—traits shared by tetrapods. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z In 1986, she made a chance discovery that defined her career: in the Sedgwick Museum in Cambridge she found fossils of Late Devonian tetrapods from eastern Greenland, collected in the 1960s. Jennifer Clack (1947–2020) 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z The team first went to Nunavut in 1998, attracted to rocks that looked as if they might contain fossils from the age of the earliest tetrapods. These Fins Were Made for Walking … and Then Swimming 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z None of the sequenced fish is on the precise branch that led to tetrapods. Fish had the genes to adapt to life on land—while they were still swimming the seas 2021-02-10T05:00:00Z Limbless reptiles—snakes and other squamates—have vestigial limbs and, like caecilians, are classified as tetrapods because they are descended from four-limbed ancestors. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Instead they appeared to have evolved later, after tetrapods had already staked a claim on terra firma. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z She returned with the largest haul of tetrapod fossils ever recovered in one season from the Devonian deposits in Greenland. Jennifer Clack (1947–2020) 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z Like other similar fish, Elpistostege’s fin also has the precursors of tetrapod limb bones including the upper arm, forearm and wrist. Fins of prehistoric fish reveal origins of the human hand 2020-03-19T04:00:00Z All those genes were previously thought to be unique to tetrapods. Fish had the genes to adapt to life on land—while they were still swimming the seas 2021-02-10T05:00:00Z Comparing these ancestral features of P. aelidae with other tetrapods reveals patterns of evolutionary change. Early tetrapods had an eye on the land 2019-10-22T04:00:00Z Back in Westoll and Graham-Smith's day, scholars already suspected that tetrapods had evolved from the so-called lobe-finned fishes—creatures with fleshy, powerful fins, a group whose living representatives include the coelacanth and the lungfish. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z During the last decade of her life, Clack increasingly turned her attention back to the Carboniferous tetrapods. Jennifer Clack (1947–2020) 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z The four-limbed land animals that evolved from fish like Elpistostege are called tetrapods, a group now spanning amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals including humans. Fins of prehistoric fish reveal origins of the human hand 2020-03-19T04:00:00Z While it’s possible an even older shell-crunching tetrapod will be found, Acherontiscus currently holds the title and may retain the honor. Dawn of the Crunch 2019-06-16T04:00:00Z This is in striking contrast to the high position of its eyes and is quite different from the configuration of nares in modern-day aquatic tetrapod animals, such as crocodiles, hippopotamuses or frogs. Early tetrapods had an eye on the land 2019-10-22T04:00:00Z One of the fossils that Westoll purchased from them was a small, fragmentary skull roof that was to become a cornerstone in our understanding of the evolutionary transition between fishes and tetrapods. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z These sandstones and mudstones promptly started yielding fossils of previously unknown tetrapods. Jennifer Clack (1947–2020) 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z Not only is it standard for Homo sapiens, but I share this basic framework with most tetrapods. When Fingers Changed Fins 2019-06-01T04:00:00Z This vertebrate belonged to a radiation of more-or-less amphibious vertebrates that proliferated after the evolution of limbs tipped in digits and during the time when tetrapods were making themselves at home on land. Dawn of the Crunch 2019-06-16T04:00:00Z In the conventional view of this transition early terrestrial tetrapods were largely limited to moving in the low-slung, undulating manner of salamanders and lizards. RoboFossil Reveals Locomotion of Beast from Deep Time 2019-01-17T05:00:00Z We surmise from comparison with the bones of the Elpistostege fin that the mystery bones in the Panderichthys pectoral fin are probably equivalent to some of the carpal bones in the wrists of tetrapods. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z They look set to revolutionize our understanding of the early diversification of tetrapods by filling in the wide morphological gap between very primitive ones, such as Acanthostega, and the more modern tetrapods of the Carboniferous. Jennifer Clack (1947–2020) 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z But what about the tetrapods that then split off from this group? When Fingers Changed Fins 2019-06-01T04:00:00Z The early Carboniferous was such a time of evolutionary experimentation, in fact, that some animals technically classified as tetrapods lost their limbs. Dawn of the Crunch 2019-06-16T04:00:00Z The results are helping rewrite the time line of tetrapod locomotor evolution. RoboFossil Reveals Locomotion of Beast from Deep Time 2019-01-17T05:00:00Z This discovery overturns the conventional wisdom about when and how the hand evolved and shines new light on the rise of tetrapods, a pivotal event in the history of life on earth. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Her work lifted the study of the transition from fishes to tetrapods from palaeontological obscurity to star status, ranking alongside such favourites as the origin of birds or the evolution of the human lineage. Jennifer Clack (1947–2020) 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z The origin of fingers and toes was tied to a significant anatomical change that immediately differentiated the first tetrapods from their more fishy ancestors. When Fingers Changed Fins 2019-06-01T04:00:00Z The skull of the tetrapod, Clack and coauthors write, is less than half and inch long. Dawn of the Crunch 2019-06-16T04:00:00Z The earliest land vertebrates, or tetrapods, remained close to the ground. Cinematic and scientific techniques combine to show how a long-extinct creature moved 2019-01-15T05:00:00Z Together, this and the other known elpistostegalian fish fossils suggested that a number of hallmark traits of tetrapods originated in their piscine predecessors, including land-worthy arm bones and joints. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Drawing from information archived in the Paleobiology Database, Dunne and coauthors looked at pinpoints on the map for 476 tetrapod species that lived from the Carboniferous through the early Permian. When Protomammals Ruled Earth 2018-08-12T04:00:00Z Despite the fact that digit-bearing limbs were an evolutionary novelty, though, the arms and legs across early tetrapod species were very similar to each other. When Fingers Changed Fins 2019-06-01T04:00:00Z They were among the early wave of tetrapods, a group including all land-living vertebrates. South African fossils rewrite early history of life on land 2018-06-07T04:00:00Z The ultimate aim: to achieve fair balance of the different tetrapod groups. It Was the 12th Year of Tet Zoo 2018-05-28T04:00:00Z We strongly suspected that these never-before-seen bones hidden in the pectoral fin of this ancient fish were actually digit bones similar to the ones found in the fingers of tetrapods. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z More than that, the tetrapod fossil record during this transition doesn’t show increased diversity springing up in isolated pockets. When Protomammals Ruled Earth 2018-08-12T04:00:00Z My tetrapod bias requires that several talks were especially enjoyable. Sexual Selection at Chicheley Hall 2018-05-19T04:00:00Z They studied two time periods: 430 million years ago, around the time the first animal lungs evolved, and 400 million years ago, roughly the time of the first known land tetrapods. Ocean tides could have driven ancient fish to walk 2018-02-14T05:00:00Z In land vertebrates, or tetrapods, walking is partly characterized by this left-right alternation as well as rhythms of extending and flexing. These Skates Are Made for Walking 2018-02-08T05:00:00Z He based his proposal on comparisons of embryological development in fishes and tetrapods. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Previously, he's studied snakes, an animal he describes as a tetrapod that "lost its limbs." What This Walking Fish Can Teach Us About Evolution 2018-02-09T05:00:00Z I’m sure I’ve said on several occasions that there are vast tetrapod groups that I’ve simply never covered in any depth at Tet Zoo – this, after 12 years of operation. Fossil Bat Stories, Part 1 2018-02-10T05:00:00Z Because skates are an evolutionarily ancient animal, that means the neurons essential for walking originated in species that separated from other four-legged vertebrates, or tetrapods, about 420 million years ago. This walking fish may reveal how animals first took to land 2018-02-08T05:00:00Z Several gene switches found in tetrapods, which are important for the development and function of motor neurons that control tetrapods limbs, are active in those controlling the skates’ fins too, the scientists found. These Skates Are Made for Walking 2018-02-08T05:00:00Z The work suggested that tetrapod digit bones evolved from the radial bones in the fish fin. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Presley, R. Lizards, mammals and the primitive tetrapod tympanic membrane. A Jurassic gliding euharamiyidan mammal with an ear of five auditory bones 2017-11-12T05:00:00Z Among the weird and obscure – and we’re going to be talking about megafauna here, where nothing is really that obscure in the grand scheme of things – are the components of South America’s Cenozoic tetrapod fauna. Darin Croft's Horned Armadillos and Rafting Monkeys 2017-10-01T04:00:00Z Caveats: seeing as this blog is called Tetrapod Zoology, the fossils are all tetrapods. Fossils We Want To Find 2017-07-23T04:00:00Z I’ve said before that there are entire tetrapod groups that I’ve only ever mentioned in passing, or in cases not even mentioned at all. The Microsaurs of Yore 2017-07-08T04:00:00Z In contrast, it looked as though tetrapods evolved the hand and wrist from the ancestral fish fin all at once. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z But the recent discovery of several four-limbed creatures like Tiny, suggests many terrestrial tetrapods were thriving on land about 360 million years ago. The most important fossil you've never heard of - BBC News 2017-04-10T04:00:00Z Much of the research in the journal’s first issue focuses on fundamental topics — for example the evolution of early tetrapods and the idiosyncratic genetics of regenerative flatworms. Announcement: Nature launches five new journals for 2017 2017-01-10T05:00:00Z Pelvic fins are homologous to tetrapod hindlimbs and primarily serve a role in body trim and subtle swimming manoeuvres during teleost locomotion17, 18, 19. The seahorse genome and the evolution of its specialized morphology : Nature : Nature Research 2016-12-13T05:00:00Z How microsaurs are related to other tetrapods more broadly is controversial and there are several competing hypotheses. The Microsaurs of Yore 2017-07-08T04:00:00Z This work would help inform our understanding not only of Elpistostege's anatomy but also of how it is related to other early fishes and to tetrapods. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Occupying the new habitat thus looked like an evolutionary open goal for the tetrapods. New fossils illuminate the route that led ultimately to human beings 2016-12-08T05:00:00Z For the next 15 million years or so, a key time in tetrapod evolution, there is a gap in the fossil record. Scottish fossils tell story of first life on land - BBC News 2016-12-05T05:00:00Z "On the one hand, it extends the bounds of what we think the arm of tetrapod animals - those four-footed animals in the world - is capable of in terms of its development, in terms of evolution. " Strange reptile fossil puzzles scientists - BBC News 2016-09-29T04:00:00Z The importance of global parsimony and historical bias in understanding tetrapod evolution. The Microsaurs of Yore 2017-07-08T04:00:00Z In tetrapods, however, the AER is much more active in directing development because it persists far longer in the embryo—it does not ever morph into the AEF; thus, the fin rays do not form. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Romer’s gap thus seems to be the time when tetrapods became unequivocally terrestrial. New fossils illuminate the route that led ultimately to human beings 2016-12-08T05:00:00Z And Dr Mike Coates, of the University of Chicago, said "they predict more diversity, earlier in the fossil record" and suggest "a greater range of extinction survivors among the early tetrapods". Scottish fossils tell story of first life on land - BBC News 2016-12-05T05:00:00Z The forelimbs of tetrapods are known for their versatility, used to walk, dig, fly or swim. Strange reptile fossil puzzles scientists - BBC News 2016-09-29T04:00:00Z The concrete tetrapods in the foreground tell me it’s not a pier; tetrapods are common breakwater materials. What Lionrock crashed over 2016-09-08T04:00:00Z Previous research had shown that HoxD13 is active in the developing tetrapod limb when the wrists and digits form. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z For 25m years after this the tetrapods more or less disappear from the fossil record. New fossils illuminate the route that led ultimately to human beings 2016-12-08T05:00:00Z When he isn’t digging for fossils, Shubin runs a lab at the University of Chicago, where he and his colleagues compare how tetrapods — mice, for example — and fish develop as embryos. From fins to hands: Scientists discover evolutionary link 2016-08-17T04:00:00Z "But it is the first real departure like this in the basic ground plan that you see ever since the first tetrapods invaded land 365 million years ago." Strange reptile fossil puzzles scientists - BBC News 2016-09-29T04:00:00Z None of the mutants grew fully fledged feet, Shubin notes, but some possessed “fingery fins” made of the same kind of bone that builds fingers and toes in tetrapods. CRISPR's hopeful monsters: gene-editing storms evo-devo labs 2016-08-16T04:00:00Z Other four-limbed creatures—tetrapods, as they are known—have hands that look and function quite differently than ours do. How a 380-Million-Year-Old Fish Gave Us Fingers 2020-06-17T04:00:00Z Romer’s gap, in other words, now seems bridged—and this, in turn, bridges not only the gap in understanding of when tetrapods became terrestrial, but also that concerning when the amniotes evolved. New fossils illuminate the route that led ultimately to human beings 2016-12-08T05:00:00Z When he isn’t digging for fossils, Dr. Shubin runs a lab at the University of Chicago, where he and his colleagues compare how tetrapods — mice, for example — and fish develop as embryos. From Fins Into Hands: Scientists Discover a Deep Evolutionary Link 2016-08-17T04:00:00Z "So all of these consistent patterns that we see across a huge range of tetrapods, regardless of their ecology, regardless of their ancestry, are violated by this animal," Dr Pritchard said. Strange reptile fossil puzzles scientists - BBC News 2016-09-29T04:00:00Z But another prevailing theory is that early tetrapods moved more like salamanders, which alternate their limbs to walk. Scientists Use Robots to Study the Evolution of Ancient Aquatic Animals 2016-07-07T04:00:00Z Until now, that move was considered unique to tetrapods. This blind, cave-dwelling fish can climb walls 2016-03-25T04:00:00Z Early tetrapods probably walked much the way salamanders do today, bending their trunk from side to side as they traveled. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z In tetrapods like us, the research indicates, the same cells produce endochondral bone in our hands and feet. From Fins Into Hands: Scientists Discover a Deep Evolutionary Link 2016-08-17T04:00:00Z Our own tetrapod relatives shrank from the size of dogs to the size of cats or smaller. After a Mass Extinction, Only the Small Survive 2015-11-12T05:00:00Z Yes, there are other tetrapods that build much longer burrows, but these aren’t created specifically for nesting. Goannas Dig the Deepest, Twistiest Burrows Of All 2015-07-06T04:00:00Z Another important conclusion of the study is that fish fins are not equivalent to the tetrapod hand and digits. Genetic clue to how limbs evolved 2014-01-24T03:10:53Z All tetrapods descend from a single ancestor — a single lineage of fish that managed to spread on land. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z In tetrapods and bipeds, dynamic regulation of locomotion is simplified by the modular organization of spinal limb circuits, but it is not known whether their predecessors, fish axial circuits, are similarly organized. [Report] Modular Organization of Axial Microcircuits in Zebrafish 2014-01-09T18:56:56.652Z If you like or are even vaguely interested in pterosaurs, or, hell, are interested in tetrapod evolution, diversity or history in general, you really need to see this book. Mark Witton s Pterosaurs: beautiful, lavish, scholarly and comprehensive 2013-12-27T14:45:05.235Z These corkscrew V. panoptes burrows are the first helical burrows known for any reptile, and also the deepest nesting excavations produced by any tetrapod. Goannas Dig the Deepest, Twistiest Burrows Of All 2015-07-06T04:00:00Z "This entire inference is based on the assumption that the zebrafish fin skeleton is reasonably representative of the ancestral condition for tetrapods, and it just isn't," he explained. Genetic clue to how limbs evolved 2014-01-24T03:10:53Z Instead of flopping or crutching, the cave fish were using what looked like a full-blown tetrapod gait. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z A man exercises on tetrapods along the Arabian Sea in Mumbai, India. Pictures: Day in Pictures 23 October 2013-10-23T06:29:58Z I dearly hope that it inspires others to produce similar, spectacularly well-illustrated volumes on other tetrapod groups. Mark Witton s Pterosaurs: beautiful, lavish, scholarly and comprehensive 2013-12-27T14:45:05.235Z The coelacanth genome is therefore more likely to shed light on the central evolutionary question of what genetic alterations were needed to change a lobe-finned fish into the first land-dwelling tetrapod. Fish’s DNA May Explain How Fins Turned Into Feet 2013-04-17T21:18:01Z It had been suggested that this fish was closely related to early tetrapods - the first creatures to drag themselves out of the ocean, giving rise to life on land. Genome of 'living fossil' sequenced 2013-04-17T17:54:26Z But the waterfall-climbing cave fish has the same overlapping growths on their vertebrae that stiffen the spine in tetrapods. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z Functional assays of enhancers involved in the fin-to-limb transition and in the emergence of extra-embryonic tissues show the importance of the coelacanth genome as a blueprint for understanding tetrapod evolution. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z Elbow joint adductor moment arm as an indicator of forelimb posture in extinct quadrupedal tetrapods. Mark Witton s Pterosaurs: beautiful, lavish, scholarly and comprehensive 2013-12-27T14:45:05.235Z The decoding of the coelacanth genome, reported online Wednesday in the journal Nature, is a victory for the lungfish as the closer relative to the first tetrapod. Fish’s DNA May Explain How Fins Turned Into Feet 2013-04-17T21:18:01Z "From that picture it was clear the lungfish is closer to tetrapods than the coelacanth." Genome of 'living fossil' sequenced 2013-04-17T17:54:26Z But the oldest tetrapod fossils found so far date only to 375 million years. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z Figure 1A phylogenetic tree of a broad selection of jawed vertebrates shows that lungfish, not coelacanth, is the closest relative of tetrapods. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z For example, the analysis found that coelacanths and tetrapods share a regulatory gene sequence that helps to promote limb development. ‘Living fossil’ genome unlocked 2013-04-17T17:20:38.200Z Phylogenetic analyses show that these proteins belong to different keratin lineages that originated in an early tetrapod ancestor and in mammals evolved to become the major keratin types of hair. Of Tree Frog Toe Pads And Human Hair: Our Latest Evolutionary Link 2013-03-26T01:02:14Z The researchers also used the study to try and solve the long-standing question of whether the first tetrapods were more closely related to the coelacanth or the lungfish. Genome of 'living fossil' sequenced 2013-04-17T17:54:26Z The early land vertebrates, known as tetrapods, evolved adaptations that enabled them to move efficiently over solid ground. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z Our analysis identified 44,200 ancestral tetrapod CNEs that originated after the divergence of the coelacanth lineage. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z “The coelacanth is a cornerstone for our attempt to understand tetrapod evolution,” he says. ‘Living fossil’ genome unlocked 2013-04-17T17:20:38.200Z Dense, dark, and damp populated by strange trees, giant dragonflies, and sluggish tetrapods resting on rotting logs -a diorama can be found in almost every museum and is short-hand for the Carboniferous tropics. Plant Paleoart Through the Ages 2012-11-23T21:45:05.437Z Sauropods are a whole different kettle of tetrapod: their snouts are broad, sometimes remarkably so. Junk in the trunk: why sauropod dinosaurs did not possess trunks (redux, 2012) 2012-11-20T14:15:00.200Z These adaptations led tetrapods to walk in a distinctive fashion, moving their forelegs and hind legs together in a cycle. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z A major innovation of tetrapods is the evolution of limbs characterized by digits. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z Ending one long-standing argument, analysis of the coelacanth genome clearly shows that it is not the closest living fishy relative to tetrapods, Amemiya says: that honour belongs to the lungfish. ‘Living fossil’ genome unlocked 2013-04-17T17:20:38.200Z It’s still not as well known as it should be that ‘complex’ or ‘sophisticated’ bits of social behaviour are far from limited to mammals and birds among the tetrapods. Amazing social life of the Green iguana 2012-09-17T16:45:00.183Z The idea that sauropods might have had trunks seems particularly bizarre given that these animals had already evolved one of the most extreme and remarkable food-gathering organs in tetrapod history: namely, super-long necks. Junk in the trunk: why sauropod dinosaurs did not possess trunks (redux, 2012) 2012-11-20T14:15:00.200Z In many ways, the skeleton of the fish looked like what you’d see on a walking tetrapod. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z We conclude that the closest living fish to the tetrapod ancestor is the lungfish, not the coelacanth. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z “The coelacanth is a cornerstone for our attempt to understand tetrapod evolution.” ‘Living fossil’ genome unlocked 2013-04-17T17:20:38.200Z Cryptic males that morphologically mimic females have now been documented in quite a few tetrapod species: I’ve previously written about this sort of thing in newts and sheep. Amazing social life of the Green iguana 2012-09-17T16:45:00.183Z It is entirely reasonable to assume that, if any other tetrapod were to evolve a proboscis, it also would need specialised, hypertrophied nerves. Junk in the trunk: why sauropod dinosaurs did not possess trunks (redux, 2012) 2012-11-20T14:15:00.200Z It’s the same arrangement that tetrapods evolved, allowing them to hold themselves up with their hind legs. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z Through a phylogenomic analysis, we conclude that the lungfish, and not the coelacanth, is the closest living relative of tetrapods. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z “It will allow us to identify the genetic drivers of tetrapod evolution, the genes and regulatory elements that are responsible for the vertebrate land transition.” ‘Living fossil’ genome unlocked 2013-04-17T17:20:38.200Z For example: Basal ganglia are found in the brains of the earliest jawed fish, which means MacLean’s “reptile complex” originated long before the first tetrapods wriggled onto land. Revenge of the Lizard Brain 2012-09-07T14:45:03.807Z Unlike most tetrapods, the bony nostrils of most sauropods are dorsally located: in diplodocoids they’re located right up over the eyes in a region you might term the forehead. Junk in the trunk: why sauropod dinosaurs did not possess trunks (redux, 2012) 2012-11-20T14:15:00.200Z Scientists have found trackways in Poland dating back almost 400 million years that look as if they were made by a walking tetrapod. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z The tree was rooted on cartilaginous fish, and shows that the lungfish is more closely related to tetrapods than the coelacanth, and that the protein sequence of coelacanth is evolving slowly. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z Biology, not environment, drives major patterns in maximum tetrapod body size through time. Dyke & Kaiser s Living Dinosaurs: the Evolutionary History of Modern Birds 2012-08-27T00:45:02.620Z These crucial adaptations to tetrapod skeletons and anatomy allowed them to conquer the world above the waves. Evolution: Out Of The Sea 2012-07-29T03:15:04.080Z Here we come to the reason for the article you’re reading now. ReptileEvolution.com is a huge problem, and those of us involved in research on tetrapod evolution need to somehow counteract its influence. Why the world has to ignore ReptileEvolution.com 2012-07-04T11:45:05.397Z It’s possible that a fish, rather than a primitive tetrapod, made those tracks by moving as the waterfall-climbing cave fish does today. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z Each tetrapod CNE was assigned to the gene whose transcription start site was closest, and gene-ontology category enrichment was calculated for those genes. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z Hydraulic intromittent male sexual organs – a variety of popular, alternative names are available – are not unique to mammals among tetrapods. Terrifying sex organs of male turtles 2012-06-09T14:45:00.217Z While many think that early tetrapods transformed their gills into lungs, this actually isn’t true – instead, it was the fish’s digestive system that adapted to form lungs. Evolution: Out Of The Sea 2012-07-29T03:15:04.080Z In more recent work, Dave has taken to looking in detail at other kinds of reptiles, and indeed at other kinds of tetrapods. Why the world has to ignore ReptileEvolution.com 2012-07-04T11:45:05.397Z Other fish can move on land, although none of them use a tetrapod gait to do so. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z Figure 1: A phylogenetic tree of a broad selection of jawed vertebrates shows that lungfish, not coelacanth, is the closest relative of tetrapods. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z This isn’t unique to crocodilians – among fossil tetrapods it’s especially well known for some temnospondyls and there are also hints of it in pliosaurs. Dissecting a crocodile 2012-05-24T17:15:07.103Z It’s likely that many of the early tetrapods began experimenting with ways to waterproof their skin. Evolution: Out Of The Sea 2012-07-29T03:15:04.080Z What he fails to credit is that those of us interested in fossil tetrapods are, in fact, testing his proposals every time we look at the fossils concerned. Why the world has to ignore ReptileEvolution.com 2012-07-04T11:45:05.397Z Its spine was divided into five sections, as it is in every tetrapod, the group of four-limbed, land-dwelling animals that includes humans. Ancient fish had the backbone of a landlubber 2012-05-23T14:45:03.357Z The tree was rooted on cartilaginous fish, and shows that the lungfish is more closely related to tetrapods than the coelacanth, and that the protein sequence of coelacanth is evolving slowly. The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution 2013-04-17T17:21:37.460Z Not long after arriving today, Martha Richter literally stumbled across a partial skeleton of a terrestrial vertebrate, or tetrapod, preserved in a few pieces of rock in one of the quarry spoil piles. Scientist at Work Blog: A Promising Skeleton in the Quarry 2012-05-02T18:57:09Z In fact, exactly when tetrapods developed lungs is unclear. Evolution: Out Of The Sea 2012-07-29T03:15:04.080Z Actually, as should be clear by now, I don’t think that any of the heretical, novel positions he recovers for tetrapod taxa are reliable. Why the world has to ignore ReptileEvolution.com 2012-07-04T11:45:05.397Z What made Tarrasius and tetrapods converge on this particular body plan? Ancient fish had the backbone of a landlubber 2012-05-23T14:45:03.357Z You might argue that they’re convergent with an equally bizarre and fascinating group of tetrapods, the leatherback turtles. A symbiotic relationship between sunfish and albatrosses? Say what? 2012-02-02T04:15:00.337Z Frogs in size war Barely a month after a frog took the title of world's tiniest tetrapod, an even smaller frog has emerged to steal the crown. Seven days: 13?19 January 2012 2012-01-18T18:20:19.047Z The early tetrapods needed to develop these on their own. Evolution: Out Of The Sea 2012-07-29T03:15:04.080Z I consider it a joke that someone can claim to comprehensively sample all synapsids, lepidosaurs, archosaurs, marine reptiles and other tetrapods and do so with c. Why the world has to ignore ReptileEvolution.com 2012-07-04T11:45:05.397Z The first tetrapods were animals in their own right, with adaptations for their own sake and an uncertain future ahead of them. Ancient fish had the backbone of a landlubber 2012-05-23T14:45:03.357Z Mesozoic marine tetrapod diversity: mass extinctions and temporal heterogeneity in geological megabiases affecting vertebrates. Rigid Swimmer and the Cretaceous Ichthyosaur Revolution (part I) 2012-01-03T23:45:00.273Z Offshore was a new wave wall of huge tetrapods, four-legged structures that are used as a guard against breakwaters. The Lede: Sights and Sounds on the Grounds of a Nuclear Disaster 2011-11-14T00:25:27Z This crucial adaptation allowed animals to cut ties with watery habitats, and distinguishes the major lineage of tetrapods, including reptiles, birds and mammals, from amphibians. Evolution: Out Of The Sea 2012-07-29T03:15:04.080Z A highly simplified version of the tetrapod family tree as consistently recovered by morphological and molecular studies, and also supported by embryology, biochemistry, behaviour and other lines of evidence. Why the world has to ignore ReptileEvolution.com 2012-07-04T11:45:05.397Z Yet this particular arrangement of vertebrae only evolved in Tarrasius and in tetrapods. Ancient fish had the backbone of a landlubber 2012-05-23T14:45:03.357Z It is not necessary to take this modification as the ancestral condition in tetrapods, of course. The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence 2011-09-10T02:00:27.077Z If, as his article suggests, claspers are the progenitors of tetrapod limbs, then where do nearly amphibious lobe-finned fish such as Tiktaalik, of the same age as his placoderms, fit in this phylogeny? Readers Respond to "Flu Factories" and Other Articles 2011-04-22T12:45:02.053Z To understand how tetrapods achieved such a feat, we must first understand the barriers that lay between their life under the sea and the land above that awaited them. Evolution: Out Of The Sea 2012-07-29T03:15:04.080Z Lynas wants to turn this mixture into large concrete shapes known as tetrapods that are used to build artificial reefs for fish and as sea walls to prevent beach erosion. Malaysia Makes a Big Bet on Crucial Metals 2011-03-08T14:25:46Z Was there a common template, an ancient developmental program that unfurled in and tetrapod, but was ignored in others? Ancient fish had the backbone of a landlubber 2012-05-23T14:45:03.357Z Contributions to the question of the origin of the tetrapod limb. The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence 2011-09-10T02:00:27.077Z Another key surprise from the research is the recognition that these tetrapods lived in a marine environment, perhaps a coral lagoon. 2010-01-06T18:05:00Z The necessity to compensate for the weakness in the skull caused by the orbits, particularly in those kinds of primitive tetrapods in which the orbits are large. The Adductor Muscles of the Jaw In Some Primitive Reptiles If the tetrapod plan does not work, Lynas hopes to dispose of the waste in road beds. Malaysia Makes a Big Bet on Crucial Metals 2011-03-08T14:25:46Z Contributions to the question of the origin of tetrapods. The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence 2011-09-10T02:00:27.077Z |
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