Laszlo Garamszegi, of the Do? ana Biological Station in Spain, studied patterns of malarial infections in birds to avoid confounding human factors in determining the epidemiology of a closely related parasite.

在对一种有密切关系的寄生虫进行流行病学鉴定时，为避免混入人为因素，西班牙多尼亚纳生物站的喇撒? 噶母赛棘研究了在鸟类中疟疾感染的模式。

When it came to non-sugar sweeteners, the WHO focused on population studies whose authors had made robust attempts to adjust for confounding factors such as a person's alcohol intake and levels of physical activity.

当谈到无糖甜味剂时，世界卫生组织把重点放在人口研究上，这些研究的作者已经做出了有力尝试来调整混杂因素，如一个人的酒精摄入量和身体活动水平。

The effect was small but it remained significant even when the findings were adjusted to take into account confounding factors like years of education and socioeconomic status.

影响很小，但即使在调整调查结果以考虑混杂因素（如教育年限和社会经济地位）时，它仍然很重要。

Now, there could be confounding factors here; it could be that roundabouts tend to be put in areas where there's less dangerous driving already, or areas where fewer people drive at night.

现在，这里可能存在令人困惑的因素；环岛可能倾向于建在危险驾驶较少的地区，或者夜间开车的人较少的地区。

Studies comparing the mental abilities of musicians and non-musicians often show that musical training is related to small, but significant, cognitive benefits even when confounding factors, such as socioeconomic status, are accounted for.

比较音乐家和非音乐家心智能力的研究通常表明，即使考虑了社会经济地位等混杂因素， 音乐训练也能带来微小但重要的认知益处。