Okay, so chondrocytes are important for the articular cartilage, got it.

因此软骨细胞对关节软骨非常重要。

So an osteoblast in your bone becomes an osteocyte — ditto for chondroblasts becoming chondrocytes.

所以你骨骼中的成骨细胞就变成了一个骨细胞。——软骨母细胞成为软骨细胞也是如此。

Chondrosarcoma arises from the chondrocytes which are cartilage-producing cells.

软骨肉瘤起源于软骨细胞，即产生软骨的细胞。

These plates increase the length of your bones through proliferation of ossifying cells we call chondrocytes.

这些骨骺板通过骨化细胞的增殖增加骨骼的长度，我们称之为软骨细胞。

Whatever the initial cause of articular cartilage damage is, it gets the chondrocytes to start trying to repair the cartilage.

不管引起关节软骨损伤的起始因素是什么，都会有软骨细胞开始尝试修复软骨。

Eventually though, over the course of years, chondrocytes aren't able to keep up, and they become exhausted, and can undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death.

最终，随着时间推移，软骨细胞力不从心，开始凋亡或程序性细胞死亡。

In healthy people, chondrocytes maintain a delicate balance between breaking down old cartilage—called catabolic activity, and producing new cartilage—called anabolic activity, through the use of both degradative enzymes and synthetic enzymes.

在健康的机体内，软骨细胞在分解老化的软骨（分解作用）和产生新的软骨（合成作用）之间通过分解酶和合成酶来保持精细平衡。

One gene in particular involved in regulating cilia was missing a small piece found in all other birds and mammals Cilia on cells called chondrocytes pass on important signals during development.

一个特别参与调节纤毛的基因缺失了一小段，在所有其他鸟类和哺乳动物中都发现了这一点。纤毛在称为软骨细胞的细胞上，在发育过程中传递重要信号。

The concern here is that if you apply a heavy external force, like lifting weights, onto these epiphyseal 'growth' plates, you damage the chance for your chondrocytes cells to grow, cutting potential height growth.

这里的问题是，如果你在这些骨骺生长板上施加一个沉重的外力，比如举重，你就会破坏软骨细胞生长的机会，阻断了可能生长的高度。

MSCs differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, tenocytes, marrow stromal cells, muscle, and perhaps neuronal cells and are being used in early clinical trials to enhance bone marrow grafting and to suppress graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic bone marrow transplants.

MSCs分化成脂肪细胞，骨细胞，软骨细胞，肌腱细胞，骨髓基质细胞，肌肉和神经细胞，并用于早期临床试验，以增强骨髓移植和抑制同种异体骨髓移植中的移植物抗宿主病。