Hence the origin of the representation of burghs in the states-general of all great monarchies in Europe.

因此，欧洲所有伟大君主制国家的总督府中的市民代表的起源。

In two hours from Rejkiavik we arrived at the burgh of Gufunes, called Aolkirkja, or principal church.

从雷基亚维克 (Rejkiavik) 出发两个小时后， 我们到达了古富内斯 (Gufunes) 镇，称为 Aolkirkja， 即主教堂。

So, with a place ending with: " borough" or " burgh" , you would expect it to sound: " borough" or " burgh" , but that's not what happens.

因此，对于以“borough” 或“burgh” 结尾的地方，您会希望它听起来像：“borough” 或“burgh” ，但事实并非如此。

It's a Germanic language but it has many other influences, and a written tradition going back several hundred years to when it was the official language of the burgh and royal court.

它是一种日耳曼语言，但它还有许多其他的影响，它的文字书面传统可以追溯到几百年前，当时它是自治市和皇家宫廷的官方语言。

The inhabitants of cities and burghs, considered as single individuals, had no power to defend themselves; but by entering into a league of mutual defence with their neighbours, they were capable of making no contemptible resistance.

城市和市镇的居民，作为单独的个体，没有自卫的能力；但通过与邻国结成共同防御联盟，他们无法做出卑鄙的抵抗。