Less common causes include mumps virus, varicella zoster virus, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

不太常见的病因包括腮腺炎病毒、水痘带状疱疹病毒和淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒。

More commonly, blood test for varicella zoster antibodies or PCR can be done to look for viral DNA.

更常见的是，通过验血找到水痘带状疱疹抗体或PCR检测病毒DNA诊断。

Herpes zoster or shingles is caused by the reactivation of the virus, with vesicles located along one dermatome.

带状疱疹是由病毒重新激活导致的，皮损沿皮节呈带状排列。

Varicella zoster virus is a double-stranded DNA virus, protected by a protein coat called capsid, which is enveloped in a lipid membrane.

水痘带状疱疹病毒是双链DNA病毒，被一种叫衣壳的蛋白质包膜保护，而它又被脂质层包裹。

In Reye syndrome, the liver gets affected by both varicella zoster virus and aspirin and it leads to a buildup of ammonia in the body.

患Reye综合征时，肝功能因为水痘带状疱疹病毒感染和使用阿司匹林而受损，可以导致体内氨的蓄积。

These include the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, that can cause tuberculosis, the protozoan Plasmodium, which causes Malaria, the fungus Trichophyton rubrum, which causes ringworm, and the virus Varicella zoster, which causes Chickenpox.

这些包括可以导致结核病的结核分枝杆菌，导致疟疾的原生动物疟原虫，会引起癣的真菌红毛癣菌，会引起水痘的水痘病毒。

It can then travel back up through the sensory nerve, anterogradely to the skin and cause an infection in the innervated dermatome - that's called herpes zoster or shingles.

它们会沿着感觉神经顺行到皮肤，导致皮节感染，这时这种病被叫做带状疱疹。

All right, as a quick recap: varicella zoster virus is a herpesviruses that causes primary infection in the lymph nodes and secondary infection in the keratinocytes and neurons in the skin.

得！快速回顾一下：水痘带状疱疹病毒主要导致淋巴结感染，和皮肤处神经与角质形成细胞的继发感染。