The bulk of many bioinks are water-rich molecules called hydrogels.

许多生物墨水的主体是一种富含水的分子，称作水凝胶。

Some bioinks include a single type of cell, while others combine several different kinds to produce more complex structures.

有些生物墨水只含单一一种细胞，有些则结合许多不同种的细胞，来制造出更复杂的结构。

In this, bioink gets loaded into a printing chamber and pushed through a round nozzle attached to a printhead.

这项技术将生物墨水载入打印机，然后将它挤入打印头上的柱状喷嘴。

After printing, some bioinks will stiffen immediately; others need UV light or an additional chemical or physical process to stabilize the structure.

打印完成后，有些生物墨水会立即变硬；有些则需要紫外线，或额外的化学或物理加工来稳定结构。

Instead of starting with metal, plastic, or ceramic, a 3-D printer for organs and tissues uses bioink: a printable material that contains living cells.

普通的 3D 打印机使用金属、塑料或陶瓷，而制作器官和组织的 3D 打印机使用“生物墨水”：一种含有活细胞的可打印材料。