I also noted eighty-six vigorous saplings upon a piece of fresh ground prepared for their reception by fire. Thus fire, the great destroyer of Sequoia, also furnishes bare virgin ground, one of the conditions essential for its growth from the seed.

我还注意到，在一块准备用火迎接它们的新鲜土地上，有八十六棵生机勃勃的树苗。因此，火，红杉的伟大破坏者，也提供了光秃秃的处女地，这是它从种子生长的必要条件之一。

Land-slips and floods also give rise to bare virgin ground; and a tree now and then owes its existence to a burrowing wolf or squirrel, but the most regular supply of fresh soil is furnished by the fall of aged trees.

山体滑坡和洪水也造成了裸露的处女地；有时，一棵树的存在要归功于穴居的狼或松鼠，但最有规律的新鲜土壤供应是由老树的倒下提供的。