As a thermodynamic system does work, it loses heat.

当热力学系统执行 事实上，它会失去热量。

And you know the general setup by now: the chemicals in the calorimeter make up the thermodynamic system and everything else is the surroundings.

你现在已经知道了一般设置：量热计中的化学物质构成了热力学系统，其他一切都是周围环境。