Plans for such markets go back to a scheme created by the Kyoto protocol, a treaty signed in 1992.

这类市场的计划可以追溯到1992年签署的《京都议定书》。

In 1997 the international climate-change treaty known as the Kyoto protocol suggested applying the concept of cap-and-trade to carbon.

1997 年，被称为京都议定书的国际气候变化条约建议将限额与交易的概念应用于碳。

We saw in the Kyoto protocol that we had mandatory requirements, legally binding requirements that countries didn't adhere to anyhow.

我们在京都议定书中看到我们有强制性要求，具有法律约束力的要求，但各国无论如何都不会遵守。

All the while, greenhouse gas emissions continue to soar and without the United States and China on board, the Kyoto protocol began to crumble, successive climate summits produced few results.

与此同时，温室气体排放继续飙升，没有美国和中国的参与，《京都议定书》开始崩溃，连续的气候峰会几乎没有取得成果。