The most important of these were the Sumerians, the Babylonians and the Assyrians.

最重要的部族是苏美尔人、巴比伦尼亚人和亚述人。

The Sumerians charted the night sky in a 360-degree circle.

苏美尔人将夜空绘制成 360 度的圆圈。

I'll say it was being used 5000 years ago by the ancient Sumerians.

我想它是在5000年前由古苏美尔人使用。

I said it was around 5000 years ago by the ancient Sumerians.

我说它是在5000年前由古苏美尔人使用。

Yet now we know that, in some respects, the Sumerians were ahead of the Egyptians.

可是现在我们知道了苏美尔人在某些方面已超过埃及人。

Ancient Sumerians, both men and women, painted their faces, eyes and lips – a very early kind of lipstick.

古苏美尔人，无论男女，都会在脸上、眼睛和嘴唇上涂上颜色——这是一种非常早期的口红。

Ancient cultures like the Sumerians and Egyptians, both made and ate cheese regularly, as much as 6, 000 years ago.

像苏美尔和埃及这样的古文化经常制作和食用奶酪，早在6000年前就已经出现了。

Sumerians used measured quantity of barley as money.

苏美尔人使用称量的大麦作为货币。

Around 3200 BCE, Sumerians began to expand their reach.

大约在公元前 3200 年，苏美尔人开始扩大他们的影响范围。

Many cultures rose and fell in this bountiful  land, the first of which was the Sumerians.

在这片富饶的土地上，许多文化兴衰，其中第一个是苏美尔人。

Think about the cradles of civilization, like the Sumerians or the Ancient Egyptians.

想想文明的摇篮，比如苏美尔人或古埃及人。

I found that in 2500 BC, Mesopotamia, Sumerians used measured quantity of barley as money.

我发现在公元前 2500 年的美索不达米亚，苏美尔人使用定量的大麦作为货币。

What the Sumerians had discovered was a precursor to the medicine known today as aspirin.

苏美尔人发现的是今天称为阿司匹林的药物的前身。

The ancient Sumerians produced a numeral system based on the number 12 that we still enjoy today.

古代苏美尔人根据我们今天仍然喜欢的数字 12 创造了一个数字系统。

Besides losing high  positions, there were other reasons the conquered Sumerians were offended.

除了失去高位之外，被征服的苏美尔人还有其他原因被冒犯。

The Eridu Genesis begins with the creation of the world, the Sumerians, known as the black-headed people, and then the animals.

《埃里度创世纪》始于世界的创造，苏美尔人，被称为黑头人，然后是动物。

But Sargon respected Sumerian culture, and Akkadians and Sumerians existed side-by-side for centuries.

但是萨尔贡尊重苏美尔文化，阿卡德人和苏美尔人并存了几个世纪。

But Sumerians were the first to take the next step.

但是苏美尔人是第一个采取下一步行动的人。

For the most part, the origins of the Sumerians  are a mystery.

在很大程度上，苏美尔人的起源是个谜。

The Sumerians lived in modern day Iraq and continue to fascinate, as their long-since dead civilization is one of the oldest on record.

苏美尔人生活在现代伊拉克并继续令人着迷，因为他们早已死去的文明是有记录以来最古老的文明之一。