Medical conditions that increase the risk for GERD include hiatal hernia, scleroderma, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

增加GERD风险的疾病包括食管裂孔疝、硬皮病与佐林格-埃利森综合征（胃泌素瘤）。

In scleroderma, the muscle of the lower esophageal sphincter is replaced by connective tissue, so it can't contract properly.

在硬皮病中，食管下括约肌被结缔组织替代，不能正常收缩。

Pericarditis can also be seen in autoimmune diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or systemic lupus erythematosus, because the immune system attacks its own tissues, including the pericardium.

心包炎也可继发于自身免疫病，如类风湿性关节炎、硬皮病或系统性红斑狼疮；此时免疫系统攻击包括心包在内的自身组织。