The retrieval stage protects memories from being lost - the oldest, most retrieved memories are most resilient.

检索阶段可以保护记忆以免丢失，也就是说，最陈旧的、被回忆最多的记忆是最难忘记。

Retrograde amnesia usually affects the storage or retrieval stage of memory formation and causes a person to be unable to recall old memories.

逆行性遗忘通常影响记忆形成的存储和检索阶段，使患者无法回想起过去的事情。

Retrograde amnesia is usually because of a problem in the storage or retrieval stage, and typically results from damage to the cortex, but could involve the prefrontal cortex or hippocampus as well.

逆行性遗忘通常是由于在储存或检索阶段出了问题，一般是由大脑皮层受损导致，但也可能涉及前额叶皮质或海马体。