A small number of randomised experimental studies are chipping away at the causal question.

少数随机实验研究正在逐步解决因果问题。

That would need randomised controlled trials, in which one group wore masks and the other did not.

这需要进行随机对照实验，一组戴口罩，另一组不戴。

Much remains uncertain. The best randomised experiments have been done on adults, who are not the main objects of concern.

还有很多不确定因素。最好的随机实验是在成年人身上进行的，他们不是主要关注对象。

Randomised controlled trials (rcts), used to test drugs, are tricky.

用于测试药物的随机对照试验（rcts）很棘手。

Another study, in this case a large randomised controlled trial, has recently been added to the expansive literature on the subject.

另一项研究，这回是一项大型随机对照试验，最近加入到有关这个学科的海量文献中。

The best randomised experiments have been done on adults, who are not the main objects of concern.

最好的随机实验都是针对成年人进行的，他们并不是主要关注的对象。

Dr Myers calculates that since 2015 there have been an average of nearly 60 randomised experiments studying the scientific process.

迈尔斯博士计算出，自 2015 年以来，平均有近 60 项随机实验研究科学过程。

Peter Rothwell at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford and his colleagues looked at deaths due to cancers during and after randomised trials of daily aspirin.

来自牛津的约翰·拉德克里夫医院的彼得·罗思韦尔（Peter Rothwell）和他的同事们研究了在每日服用阿司匹林的随机对照实验期间或者之后因癌症而死亡的病例。

(either less or more than three days after diagnosis) rather than a randomised controlled trial in which some patients were given a placebo instead of the treatment under test.

（诊断后少于或多于三天）而不是随机对照试验在对照实验中，一些患者被给予安慰剂，而不是实施治疗。

Our population randomised to consume as little sugar as possible is likely to lose weight, but we won't know if it happened because they ate less sugar, or fewer calories of all sorts.

我们随机抽取了一些人，结果表明吃糖少的人更容易瘦下来，但我们无法确定这是因为他们吃的糖少了，还是所有种类的卡路里都少了。

In a recent working paper he presents the results of a randomised controlled trial at a large Chinese multinational company, where sick days fell by 12% for employees working from home two days a week relative to those coming in full time.

在最近的一篇工作论文中，他展示了在一家中国大型跨国公司进行的一项随机对照试验的结果：每周居家办公两天的员工，病假天数比全职员工减少了12%。