Both FSH and LH are secreted by the pituitary gland.

FSH 和 LH 都是由垂体分泌的。

The pituitary gland is small – about the size of a pea.

脑垂体很小，大小和豌豆差不多。

A signal triggers the pituitary gland to release the hormone gonadotropin.

这个信号会促使脑垂体释放出促性腺激素。

The most common is a craniopharyngioma, which forms near the pituitary gland.

最常见的儿童脑幕上肿瘤是颅咽管瘤，在垂体腺旁形成。

Issues with the pituitary gland can also cause secondary amenorrhea.

垂体的问题也会导致继发性闭经。

Luteinized granulosa cells secrete inhibin, which inhibits the pituitary gland from making FSH.

黄素化的颗粒细胞会分泌抑制素，抑制垂体生成FSH。

Several things can affect the pituitary gland's ability to produce growth hormones.

很多因素会影响脑垂体分泌生长激素的能力。

At the same time, endorphins, another chemical to fight stress, are released by the pituitary gland.

同时, 另一种对抗压力的化学合成物激素内啡肽, 由脑下垂体释放。

Both the ovaries and the uterus are subject to the pulsatile hormonal activity of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands.

卵巢和子宫都受下丘脑和垂体脉冲式释放的激素调节。

In fact, exogenous steroid medications can also cause negative feedback on the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.

实际上，外源性类固醇药物也会对下丘脑和垂体造成负反馈。

Obviously brain surgery, specifically to the pituitary gland also might cause extra ADH to be released.

显然，脑部手术，特别是垂体手术，也可能导致ADH分泌过多。

The pituitary gland then in turn activates the adrenal gland which results in secretion of the hormone's adrenaline and cortisone.

脑垂体进而刺激肾上腺，导致分泌肾上腺素和可的松。

GnRH makes the nearby pituitary gland secrete two hormones of its own, called gonadotropins.

GnRH促使附近的垂体自身分泌两种激素，称为促性腺激素。

As before, the excess cortisol provides negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, suppressing CRH and ACTH production.

像之前一样，过多的皮质醇会导致下丘脑和脑下垂体的负反馈，抑制CRH和ACTH的产生。

It decreases cortisol and increases Oxytocin from the pituitary gland in the brain creating feelings of attachment, bonding, Contentment, and security.

亲热的行为能够降低皮质醇，增加脑下垂体的催产素，创造出依恋、联系、满足和安全的感觉。

Sleep also supports growth, because that's when our pituitary glands release growth hormones, which is why babies sleep all the time.

睡眠也支持生长，因为我们睡觉的时候，腺体可以分泌激素，所以婴儿总是在睡觉。

The pituitary gland then sends a signal to the adrenal glands.

然后脑垂体向肾上腺发送信号。

During pregnancy, a group of cells in the pituitary gland called lactotrophs start to increase in size and number.

怀孕期间，垂体中的一组细胞“泌乳细胞”的体积和数量都会相应增加。

When this happens, there's less blood flowing to the cells in the pituitary gland.

当这种情况发生时，流向垂体的血液就会减少。

It's most commonly caused by a benign tumor of the pituitary gland.

它最常见的是由垂体良性肿瘤引起。