This was a time when scientists were still unable to understand the observations of the photoelectric effect.

在那个时代，科学家们仍然无法理解光电效应的观测结果。

Simply put, the photoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which light hits metal, resulting in the knocking off of electrons.

简单地说，光电效应是一种光照射金属，导致电子脱落的现象。

This explained what is known as the photoelectric effect for the first time.

这首次解释了所谓的光电效应。

Einstein, for instance, won his primarily for his work on the photoelectric effect.

例如，爱因斯坦主要因其在光电效应方面的工作而获奖。

We also talked about photons, and how the photoelectric effect proves the particle nature of light.

我们还讨论了光子以及光电效应如何证明光作为粒子的性质。

The photoelectric effect is where electrons are emitted when electromagnetic radiation, such as light, hits off a material or substance.

光电效应是当电磁辐射（例如光）撞击材料或物质时发射电子的现象。

The results of all these tests with the photoelectric effect matchup with the predictions of the particle theory of light.

所有这些与光电效应有关的测试结果都与粒子理论的假设一致。

But Einstein suggested a way to prove whether light traveled in these discrete packets: an experiment involving the photoelectric effect.

但是爱因斯坦提出了一种方法来证明光是否在这些离散的数据包中传播：一项涉及光电效应的实验。

His work on the photoelectric effect, for which he won the Nobel Prize in 1921, was key in establishing the quantum theory of light.

他在 1921 年获得诺贝尔奖的光电效应方面的工作是建立光量子理论的关键。

Planck's quantization of energy would later inspire Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect, where light (or more generally, electromagnetic radiation) can be used to knock electrons out of a material.

普朗克的能量量子化后来激发了爱因斯坦对光电效应的解释，其中光（或更一般地说，电磁辐射）可用于将电子从材料中击出。

This built on work conducted by physicists such as Max Planck in previous years, but Einstein's paper added extensive new details on how energy and light interacted through the photoelectric effect.

这是建立在马克斯·普朗克等物理学家前几年所做的工作的基础上的，但爱因斯坦的论文添加了关于能量和光如何通过光电效应相互作用的大量新细节。