He had his retreat on the sea near St. Petersburg or Petrograd.

他撤到圣彼得堡或彼得格勒附近的海边。

The name of St. Petersburg sounded too German, actually, it was Dutch, so the capital was renamed Petrograd.

圣彼得堡的名字听起来太像德文了，其实那是荷兰文，所以首都该名为彼得格勒。

" The Last Futuristic Exhibition of Paintings 0.10" took place in Petrograd (modern-day Saint Petersburg) in the winter of 1915.

《最后一次未来派绘画展览0.10》于1915年冬天在彼得格勒（现代圣彼得堡）举行。

Petersburg, which had been renamed Petrograd in 1914, and then other Russian cities.

圣彼得堡（1914 年更名为彼得格勒），然后是其他俄罗斯城市。

With Petrograd threatened, ministers tried to  move the capital to Moscow and abandon the city.

由于彼得格勒受到威胁，部长们试图将首都迁往莫斯科并放弃这座城市。

With his family surrounded in Petrograd and himself surrounded by hostile troops as he

他的家人被包围在彼得格勒，他本人也被敌军包围。

The Bolsheviks took advantage of the situation,   securing weapons sent to Petrograd to fight off Kornilov.

布尔什维克利用这种情况，将武器运往彼得格勒以击退科尔尼洛夫。

Ayn Rand, as she was later known, became one of the first female students at Petrograd State University.

艾恩·兰德， 后来为人所知，成为彼得格勒国立大学的第一批女学生之一。

By the end of the day most of Petrograd and Moscow were under Bolshevik control.

到当天结束时，彼得格勒和莫斯科的大部分地区都处于布尔什维克的控制之下。

Thus, by the time Lenin returned to Petrograd in October the time was wholly propitious

因此，当列宁于十月返回彼得格勒时，时机完全有利。

With the plans to evacuate Petrograd in tatters,   the ministers sent more troops to defend the city.

随着撤离彼得格勒的计划破灭，部长们派出更多军队保卫这座城市。

Thus, when Lenin’s train pulled into Petrograd on the 16th of April 1917 the new regime was

因此，当列宁的火车于 1917 年 4 月 16 日驶入彼得格勒时，新政权就成立了。

The Bolsheviks then started to organize an  attack on the government under the guise of protecting Petrograd from the Germans.

布尔什维克随后开始以保护彼得格勒免受德国人攻击为幌子组织对政府的攻击。

The Petrograd Soviets Order Number one which set up soldiers councils in every unit and called for the election of officers hardly helped military effectiveness.

彼得格勒苏维埃一号法令主张在每个单元成立士兵委员会要求选举军官，这几乎对提高军事效率无益。

In early 1917,   workers began to strike, and women protesting food shortages took to the streets of Petrograd –  modern-day St. Petersburg – during International Women's Day.

1917 年初，工人开始罢工，抗议食品短缺的妇女在国际妇女节期间走上彼得格勒（现代圣彼得堡）街头。

Lenin saw this opposition as a way to gain control of the government. So he went to the city of Petrograd. There, he led the opposition to the war and to Kerenski.

列宁把这种反对视为取得政府控制权的一种方式，所以，他去了彼得格勒市。在那里，他领导反对战争和克伦斯基的一方。