The tiny oocyte moves along the fallopian tube.

微小的卵母细胞沿输卵管运动。

The primary oocyte has 46 chromosomes, but eventually it has to turn into a gamete with only 23 chromosomes.

初级卵母细胞有46条染色体，但是最终会变成只有23条染色体的配子。

And, each follicle is made up of a germ cell, also known as an oocyte, which is the immature egg.

每一个卵泡都由一个生殖细胞组成，也就是卵母细胞，就是未成熟的卵子。

This inner machinery includes two ovaries stocked with thousands of tiny sacks called follicles that each contain one oocyte, an unfertilized egg cell.

这套内部机制包含两个卵巢，卵巢内存有成千上万的微小袋子，叫做卵泡，每个卵泡内都含有一个卵母细胞，即未受精卵细胞。

Meanwhile, the primordial follicle turns into a primary follicle, meaning that the follicular cells that surrounding the primary oocyte develop into granulosa cells.

与此同时，包围初级卵母细胞的滤泡细胞分化为颗粒细胞，使始基卵泡变为初级卵泡。

Each primordial follicle has a single immature sex cell called the primary oocyte at the core, and a layer of follicular cells surrounds this.

每一个始基卵泡中心都有一个未成熟的生殖细胞，叫做初级卵母细胞，被卵泡细胞包裹。

These two phases are separated by ovulation, which is when the follicle ruptures and releases an oocyte that is ready to be fertilized.

这两个阶段被排卵分开，排卵即：卵母细胞被卵泡排出，准备好受精。

After ovulation, the secondary oocyte makes a very quick journey through the peritoneal space and lands in the fallopian tube.

排卵之后，次级卵母细胞会快速地通过腹膜，最后落入输卵管。

The first stage lasts from infancy to puberty, and during this stage the primary oocyte remains stuck in the prophase step of meiosis 1.

第一阶段从婴儿期到青春期，初级卵母细胞还停留在第一次减数分裂的前期。

The secondary oocyte stops in metaphase of meiosis 2, and waits for fertilization as the menstrual cycle transitions into the luteal phase.

次级卵泡会在第二次减数分裂中期停止分裂，并且在卵泡期向黄体期转换的时候等待受精。

The first part is the fimbriae which are the finger-like projections that surround the ovary and guide the secondary oocyte into the fallopian tube.

首先经过的是输卵管的伞部，呈指状突起，包围着卵巢，并且可以引导次级卵母细胞进入输卵管。

If fertilization occurs - meaning if a sperm meets the secondary oocyte - then the corpus luteum continues making progesterone until the placenta forms.

如果这时候受精，精子遇到次级卵母细胞，黄体会持续地分泌黄体酮，直到胎盘形成。

To do this, the primary oocytes have to complete meiosis 1, and in a person's lifetime only about 400 successfully do that.

要变成配子就必须要经历第一次减数分裂，而一个人的一生中大概只有400个初级卵母细胞可以做到。

At ovulation, the oocyte is released into the fallopian tube, and the luteal phase begins - which lasts for the last 2 weeks of an average 28-day cycle.

排卵时，卵母细胞被释放入输卵管，然后黄体期就开始了，它会占据月经周期的后两周。

That's when the nearly 2 centimeter sized follicle ruptures and releases the tiny secondary oocyte into the fallopian tube.

此时将近2cm的卵泡破裂，向输卵管释放出次级卵泡。

The fourth subtype is a dysgerminoma and it's made of germ cells that turn into oocytes, which is the normal pattern, but then they start to grow uncontrollably.

第四种亚型是无性细胞瘤，它是由转化为卵母细胞的生殖细胞组成，虽然这是正常发育模式，但之后它们开始增长失控。

This triggers the primary oocyte within the dominant follicle to finally complete meiosis 1, and turn into a secondary oocyte, which has 23 chromosomes.

这使得优势卵泡里的初级卵母细胞最终完成第一次减数分裂，变成了有23条染色体的次级卵母细胞。

On the inside, the fallopian tubes have smooth muscle with an inner lining that has ciliated cells that slowly sweep the secondary oocyte or zygote towards the uterus.

输卵管内是有纤毛细胞覆盖的平滑肌，这些纤毛可以缓慢地将次级卵母细胞或者受精卵向子宫运输。

In a graafian follicle, a central cavity called the antrum forms within the follicle, and the granulosa cells secrete a nourishing fluid for the primary oocyte directly into that antrum.

格拉夫卵泡的中间会形成一个空腔叫做卵泡腔，而颗粒细胞会为初级卵母细胞分泌营养液，直接排入卵泡腔。

In a secondary follicle, the primary oocyte is still in the prophase step of meiosis 1, but now the follicle has additional layers of granulosa cells, as well as theca cells.

次级卵泡中的初级卵母细胞还是停留在第一次减数分裂前期，而卵泡多了几层颗粒细胞，以及卵泡内膜细胞。