Clostridia, as a family, are obligate anaerobes, meaning that oxygen is toxic to them.

梭状芽胞杆菌科为专性厌氧，即氧气对其有毒害作用。

Alright, as a quick recap, Clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe that resides in the soil.

得！我们快速复习一下：产气荚膜梭菌是革兰氏阳性、有芽孢的厌氧菌，通常居于土壤中。