The problems included a decrease in the production of myelin.

包括髓磷脂产量的下降。

They can travel more quickly if the nerve is covered in myelin.

如果神经被髓鞘覆盖，它们可以更快地移动。

Many research teams are studying how to repair myelin in MS patients.

很多试验团队正在研究如何修复MS患者的髓磷脂。

As you repeat an action, a fatty tissue called myelin covers the axons of your neurons.

当你重复一个动作时，一种叫做髓鞘的脂肪组织覆盖在神经元的轴突上。

For example, some nociceptors are attached to fibers with slightly more conductive, fatty myelin than others.

例如，有些伤害感受器依附于神经纤维，就会更具有传导作用，髓磷脂所富含的脂肪也更多一些。

This myelin is produced by Schwann cells which are a group of cells that support neurons.

髓鞘质是施万细胞产生的；施万细胞是支持神经的神经胶质细胞。

Absence of myelin sheath means that the nerve impulses become slow and sluggish.

失去髓鞘后，神经冲动传导会变得迟缓。

Myelin acts like insulation, just like on an electrical wire that helps the impulse travel more quickly.

髓鞘就像绝缘体，就像电线一样，帮助脉冲更快地传播。

Myelin speeds up nerve impulses, allowing actions associated with certain neurons to be performed with much less mental energy.

髓磷脂加快了神经冲动的速度，使得与某些神经元相关的动作可以用更少的精神能量来完成。

Typically, individuals slowly recover over several months as there's regrowth of the myelin on peripheral nerves.

通常，随着周围神经髓鞘的再生，患者会在几个月后缓慢恢复。

This myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, which are a group of cells that support neurons.

髓鞘由支持神经元的少突胶质细胞形成。

In particular, as you reach old age, the myelin sheath covering your axons wears down, and other neuronal structures degrade.

特别是，当你年纪大了以后，包裹轴突的髓鞘质会发生磨损，其它的神经元结构也会衰退。

Schwannian stroma is a connective tissue from non-neuronal cells that forms myelin, which insulates the axons of the mature neurons.

Schwannian基质是一种来源于非神经元细胞的结缔组织，可形成髓鞘，使成熟神经元的轴突绝缘。

Neural fibers are wrapped in a fatty substance called myelin.

神经纤维包裹在一种叫做髓磷脂的脂肪物质中。

Surrounding the axon is a myelin sheath, which is actually just insulation.

轴突周围是髓鞘，实际上只是绝缘层。

Some neural fibers have as many as 100 layers of myelin.

一些神经纤维有多达 100 层的髓磷脂。

And it's this myelin covering, or sheath, that seems to change with practice.

而髓磷脂的包裹程度会随着 我们进行练习 而变化。

Usually that size difference comes from a fatty substance called myelin that speeds up the conduction of electric signals.

通常这种大小差异来自一种叫做髓磷脂的脂肪物质，它可以加速电信号的传导。

And fibers with thicker layers of myelin can conduct signals 100 times faster or more than those with thinner ones.

髓磷脂层较厚的纤维传导信号的速度比髓磷脂层较薄的纤维快 100 倍或更多。

Together these genetic and environmental influences might lead to the body not killing off immune cells that target myelin.

基因和环境因素的共同影响可能导致机体不能清除掉那些攻击髓鞘的免疫细胞。