So hidden from our eyes, plant roots are colonized by a fungus called arbuscule mycorrhizae.

隐藏在我们的眼皮底下，植物的根茎被一种叫做丛枝菌根的真菌定殖。

Partnering with these roots are symbiotic fungi called mycorrhizae.

与这些根结成伙伴的是称为菌根的共生真菌。

When planting, Damiano says she always dusts root balls with fungi called mycorrhizae.

达米亚诺说，在种植时，她总是在根球上撒上一种叫做菌根的真菌。

Trees that associate with arbuscular mycorrhizae tend to have more nitrogen and phosphorus in their leaves.

与丛枝菌根关联的树木，其树叶往往含有更多的氮和磷。

In those two areas of the planet, we see one type of mycorrhizae versus the other type of mycorrhizae.

在世界的两个地区，我们看到了一种菌根与另一种菌根。

As forests start to move north in response to changing temperatures, trees take their mycorrhizae with them.

随着气温变化，森林开始向北移动，同时也带走了它们的菌根。

The other type, she tells me, is arbuscular mycorrhizae.

她告诉我们，另一种是丛枝菌根。

And you said the arbuscular mycorrhizae, they are even smaller?

达夫：你说的是丛枝菌根，它们甚至更小？

Arbuscular mycorrhizae are better at acquiring phosphorus..., and ectomycorrhizae fungi are just better at acquiring nitrogen from soils.

丛枝菌根真菌跟擅长从土壤中获取磷，而外生菌根真菌则更善于获得氮。

Ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular mycorrhizae specialize in getting different nutrients, and they trade those nutrients to trees at different price points.

外生菌根和丛枝菌根分别专门获取不同养分，将这些养分以不同价位与树木交易。

And you can think of mycorrhizae as falling into two basic categories.

你可以将根菌分为两大类。

Through the mycorrhizae, trees can tell when nutrients or signaling molecules are coming from a member of their own species or not.

通过菌根，树木可以知道什么时候营养物质或信号分子来自于他们自己物种的成员。

The root fungi are called mycorrhizae: " myco" means fungi, and " rhizae, " means root.

这些树根真菌被称为“根菌”——“myco”就是“真菌”，而“rhizae”就是“根”。

We will be able to immediately know " What does mycorrhizae look like in the whole planet? " which is pretty exciting.

我们将来能立刻知道“全球根菌的样子”——这太令人激动了。

Trees that associate with arbuscular mycorrhizae tend to have more nitrogen and phosphorus in their leaves.

达夫：与丛枝菌根相关的树木的叶子中往往含有更多的氮和磷。

And they look at the roots, and just over the centuries, it's become known which tree species associate with which type of mycorrhizae.

他们观察树根，几世纪以来，人们已经知道了哪种树与哪类菌根有关。

As forests start to move north in response to changing temperatures, trees take their mycorrhizae with them.

达夫：随着森林因温度变化而开始向北移动，树木的菌根也随之移动。

Braghiere: In those two areas of the planet, we see one type of mycorrhizae versus the other type of mycorrhizae.

Braghiere：在地球的这两个区域，我们看到一种类型的菌根与另一种类型的菌根。

Renato Braghiere: Arbuscular mycorrhizae are better at acquiring phosphorus... , and ectomycorrhizae fungi are just better at acquiring nitrogen from soils.

Renato Braghiere：丛枝菌根更擅长获取磷… … 而外生菌根真菌更擅长从土壤中获取氮。

And they look at the roots, and I think just over the centuries, it's become known which tree species associate with which type of mycorrhizae.

他们观察根部，我认为几个世纪以来，人们已经知道哪种树种与哪种类型的菌根相关。