As an analogy, if bacteria were ants, then a microcolony would be a tiny group of ants, each doing it's own thing, whereas a biofilm would be an ant farm with complex tunnels and rooms, and each ant carrying out a specialized task.

打个比方，如果细菌是蚂蚁的话，菌落就相当于分工明确的蚁群，而生物膜就相当于一个有着复杂通道和小房子的蚂蚁房，其中的每只蚂蚁都有自己特殊的任务。