It is ironic that atgms have proved so effective, since Russi -- and the Soviet Union before it -- was a pioneer of so-called " active protection systems" (apss) designed specifically to defeat them.

具有讽刺意味的是，事实证明反坦克导弹非常有效，因为俄罗斯——以及之前的苏联——是所谓的“主动防护系统”(apss)的先驱，专门设计来击败反导弹系统。