Second, the 2020s showed that the level of employment depends on more than just automation: it also depends on ageing and immigration.

其次，2020 年代已表明就业水平不仅仅取决于自动化，它还取决于老龄化和移民。

It follows, therefore, that, given what we shall call the community's propensity to consume, the equilibrium level of employment, i.e.

因此，给定我们所谓的社区消费倾向， 可以得出均衡的就业水平， 即。

The aggregate demand function relates any given level of employment to the 'proceeds' which that level of employment is expected to realise.

总需求函数将任何给定的就业水平与该就业水平预期实现的“收益”联系起来。

It is true that America's GDP is nearly at its pre- pandemic level even as the level of employment is 7m lower.

尽管就业水平下降了700万，但美国的GDP几乎恢复到了疫情前的水平，这是事实。

For in such conditions there is no other means of raising the average level of employment to a more satisfactory level.

因为在这种情况下， 没有其他方法可以将平均就业水平提高到更令人满意的水平。

The average level of employment was, of course, substantially below full employment, but not so intolerably below it as to provoke revolutionary changes.

平均就业水平当然大大低于充分就业，但也没有低到引发革命性变革的程度。

Though local jobs are being created, one challenge ahead for these folks is that many cities won't have the same level of employment they had before the recession hit.

尽管当地新增加了工作，但摆在他们面前的问题是还有很多城市仍然无法恢复到衰退前的就业水平。

" Its key objective is to place the center of recovery efforts, measures that would generate higher levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable" .

" 协议的核心是制定主要恢复措施，这些措施将帮助提高就业水平，并对社会底层人群提供保护。"

" Its key objective is to place at the center of recovery efforts measures that would generate higher levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable."

“协议的目标是把恢复工作的中心放在能帮助提高就业水平的措施上，并对社会底层人群提供保护。”

If it is impracticable materially to increase investment, obviously there is no means of securing a higher level of employment except by increasing consumption.

如果增加投资在物质上行不通， 那么除了增加消费之外， 显然没有办法确保更高水平的就业。

I had, however, overlooked the fact that in any given society there is, on this definition, a different natural rate of interest for each hypothetical level of employment.

然而，我忽略了一个事实，即在任何给定的社会中，根据这个定义，每个假设的就业水平都有不同的自然利率。

Thus the change in expectation may lead to a gradual crescendo in the level of employment, rising to a peak and then declining to the new long-period level.

因此，预期的变化可能会导致就业水​​平逐渐上升，上升到峰值，然后下降到新的长期水平。

But it is not capable of telling us what determines the actual level of employment; and on the problem of involuntary unemployment it has no direct bearing.

但它无法告诉我们是什么决定了实际的就业水平；对于非自愿失业问题，它没有直接影响。

And globally, if women's level of employment matched men's over the next 15 years, the GDP of these countries, which is a way to measure an economy's health, would go up by 12 percent.

从全球来看，如果未来15年，女性的就业水平与男性相当，那么这些国家的 GDP 会上升12%。

And globally, if women’s level of employment matched men’s over the next 15 years, the GDP of these countries, which is a way to measure an economy’s health, would go up by 12 percent.

从全球来看，如果未来15年，女性的就业水平与男性相当，那么这些国家的GDP（衡量经济健康程度的一个指标）会上升12%。

That is to say, consumption will depend on the level of aggregate income and, therefore, on the level of employment N, except when there is some change in the propensity to consume.

也就是说，消费将取决于总收入水平，因此也取决于就业水平 N，除非消费倾向发生某些变化。

Or-alternatively and perhaps better-we may regard his book as a non-causative investigation into the functional relationship which determines what level of real wages will correspond to any given level of employment.

或者——换句话说，也许更好——我们可以把他的书看作是对函数关系的非因果调查，函数关系决定了实际工资水平将对应于任何给定的就业水平。

Or again, if the new long-period employment is less than the old, the level of employment during the transition may fall for a time below what the new long-period level is going to be.

或者，如果新的长期就业少于旧的，过渡期间的就业水平可能会下降一段时间，低于新的长期水平。

Thus it was a mistake to speak of the natural rate of interest or to suggest that the above definition would yield a unique value for the rate of interest irrespective of the level of employment.

因此，无论就业水平如何，谈论自然利率或暗示上述定义都会产生利率的唯一值是错误的。

If a tolerable level of employment requires a rate of interest much below the average rates which ruled in the nineteenth century, it is most doubtful whether it can be achieved merely by manipulating the quantity of money.

如果可容忍的就业水平要求利率远低于 19 世纪占统治地位的平均利率，那么仅靠操纵货币数量能否实现这一点就很值得怀疑了。