But then there’s symbolic interactionism, and it’s built to deal with micro questions.

接下来，我们来介绍一个解决微观问题的利器：符号互动论。

For symbolic interactionism, then, there is no big-T truth.

因此在符号互动论里，决没有对原始事实的唯一阐述。

So, because it’s more micro-focused, symbolic interactionism understands society as the product of everyday social interactions.

这是一个更关注微观层面的理论，它试图将社会理解为日常互动的产物。

Then we turned to symbolic interactionism and looked at how deviance is constructed.

然后我们转向符号互动论，研究偏差是如何构建的。

Symbolic interactionism looks at gender on the micro level, exploring how gender guides day to day life.

符号互动论从微观层面看待性别，探索性别如何指导日常生活。

Today, we looked at how symbolic interactionism helps us understand religion’s dichotomy of the Sacred vs. the Profane.

今天，我们研究了符号互动论如何帮助我们理解宗教对神圣与亵渎的二分法。

Symbolic interactionism first appeared most clearly in the work of German sociologist Max Weber and his focus on Verstehen, or " understanding."

符号互动论由德国社会学家马克斯·韦伯提出。韦伯专注于对社会行为的人文“解释”。

Ultimately, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and conflict theory all give us useful tools for understanding deviance.

最终，结构功能主义、符号互动主义和冲突理论都为我们提供了理解偏差的有用工具。

And, as you might expect, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and conflict theories each offer a different perspective on the matter.

而且，正如您所预料的那样，结构功能主义、符号互动主义和冲突理论各自对这个问题提供了不同的视角。

Herbert Mead, who was one of the founders of the sociological paradigm we talked about a few episodes ago, known as symbolic interactionism.

赫伯特·米德 (Herbert Mead) 是我们前几集谈到的社会学范式的创始人之一，被称为符号互动论。

Now that we understand a little more about the different scales that sociology works on, we can turn to its main theoretical paradigms, of which there are three: There’s structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism.

现在，理解了社会学研究中的宏观和微观层面，我们可以来说说社会学中最主要的三个理论模型了：它们是结构功能论，社会冲突论，和符号互动论。