That could give a pathogen time to mutate and escape our immune defenses.

这可以让病原体有时间 变异并逃避我们的免疫防御。

A crucial feature of this immune defense is the several thousand species of microorganisms that inhabit the planes, folds, and crevices of your skin.

这个免疫防卫机制的最关键一点是，有数千种存在于皮肤表面，褶皱和皮肤小裂缝的微生物。

Lymphoid organs remove foreign material from the lymph to keep it from entering the bloodstream, and act as lookout points for the body's immune defenses.

淋巴器官从淋巴中移除异体物质，阻止它们进入血流，也发挥免疫防御岗哨的作用。

A December study in the journal Cell demonstrated that XBB is better at evading immune defenses gained from vaccination and prior infection, compared to other variants.

去年12月发表在《细胞》（Cell）杂志上的一项研究表明，与其他变体相比，XBB能更好地避开通过接种疫苗和先前感染而获得的免疫防御。

But Kariko and Weissman found a way to make a small change, or modification, to the building blocks of RNA that permitted it to survive immune defenses in the body.

但考里科和韦斯曼找到了一种方法，利用这种方法可以对核糖核酸的构建块进行微小的修改，使其能够在体内的免疫防御中存活下来。

However, viruses do sometimes jump across closely related species And because the new host has no established immune defenses, the unknown virus presents a potentially lethal challenge.

然而，病毒有时确实会跨越密切相关的物种，而且由于新宿主没有建立免疫防御，未知病毒会带来潜在的致命挑战。

It disables the very immune cells that are supposed to destroy it and also sequesters itself in the body's cells, staging the ultimate deadly ambush whenever the immune defense's guard comes down, months or sometimes even years later.

它能摧毁原本应该反过来摧毁它的免疫细胞，然后将自身隔离在人体的细胞中，准备着发动最后的致命伏击，只等免疫系统受损，无论是数月之后还是数年之后。

But the last few decades have featured some entirely game-changing medical breakthroughs, like mRNA vaccines and CRISPR. CRISPR could be particularly promising as an antiviral agent, because it originally evolved in bacteria as an immune defense against viruses.

但过去几十年出现了一些完全改变游戏规则的医学突破， 例如 mRNA 疫苗和 CRISPR。 CRISPR 作为一种抗病毒剂可能特别有前途，因为它最初是在细菌中进化的， 作为一种针对病毒的免疫防御。