Ice shelves take thousands of years to form.

冰架的形成需要数千年的时间。

Thwaites " looks different from other ice shelves, " Wahlin said.

瓦林说，斯韦茨冰川" 看起来与其他冰架不同" 。

The edges of an ice sheet are known as ice shelves.

冰盖的边缘叫做冰架。

It broke free from one of the most closely observed ice shelves.

冰块从一个看起来极为紧密的冰架上挣脱了出来。

Ice shelves surrounding the continent hold back ice like the Hoover Dam.

这些大陆边缘的冰保护着内部的冰，就像胡佛大坝那样。

Researchers used computer simulations to calculate future melting of protective ice shelves jutting over the Amundsen Sea.

研究人员使用计算机模拟来计算阿蒙森海上方突出来的保护性冰架未来的融化情况。

This and collapsing ice shelves are just some of the problems Antarctica is facing due to climate change.

这和冰架坍塌只是南极洲因气候变化而面临的部分问题。

The study is the first complete look at all of the continent's ice shelves.

这是首个对这片大陆全部冰架进行调查的研究。

Unlike the sea ice in the Arctic, the ice shelves surrounding the Antarctic continent are solid, impenetrable and near-permanent.

与北极的海冰不同，南极大陆周围的冰架是坚固的、不可穿透的、近乎永久的。

Ice shelves are the floating edges of the ice sheet – the ice cover - that extend over ocean waters.

冰架是冰原漂浮在水上的边缘，是延伸在海水表面上的冰盖。

A major study into Antarctica's thinning ice shelves has found that they've shrunk significantly over the past 25 years.

一项对南极洲变薄冰架的主要研究发现 在过去的25年里 冰架显著缩小。

Taken together, the two processes have reduced the mass of Antarctica's ice shelves by 12 trillion metric tons since 1997.

自1997年以来，这两个过程加在一起已经使南极洲冰架的质量减少了12万亿吨。

The study showed that Antarctic ice was melting mostly from below ice shelves, where the water is warmer than the ice.

研究表明南极洲的冰主要是从冰架下面融化的，那里的水温度比冰高。

Scientists say it's due to a natural process called calving, when chunks of ice break away from glaciers or ice shelves.

科学家表示这是由于一种叫做冰山崩解的自然过程，其发生在大块的冰从冰川或冰架上脱落时。

They make up two-thirds of Antarctica's ice shelves. But they are responsible for only 15 percent of the melting ice.

它们占南极洲冰架的三分之二，但其融雪量只占全部的15%。

Cities like Alexandria Egypt take countermeasures to slow crashing waves because of rising sea levels near ice shelves affect sea levels everywhere.

像埃及亚历山大这样的城市采取反措施来减缓克拉希因为冰架附近的海平面上升会影响到世界各地的海平面。

As glaciers extend out over water, they form floating ice shelves.

当冰川延伸到水面时，它们形成了漂浮的冰架。

Ice shelves that surround the glaciers used to give them some protection from rising temperatures.

冰川周围的冰架曾经为冰川提供一些保护， 使其免受温度升高的影响。

Meanwhile, a dozen small ice shelves, which sit on relatively warmer water, produced half the total water from ice melt during the same period.

同时，还有十几个小冰架坐落在相对温暖的水域，同期的融化量占整个融雪量的一半。

It protects the continent's coastal ice shelves, which in turn keep glaciers and ice sheets in place.

它保护了非洲大陆的沿海冰架，从而使冰川和冰盖保持在适当的位置。