Specifically, the beta-globin chains end up misshapen, and this is because of a mutation in the beta-globin gene or HBB gene.

确切来说，（该病中）β-珠蛋白链发生变形，而这是由β-珠蛋白基因（HBB基因）的突变造成的。

If the person has just one copy of the mutation and one normal HBB gene, then they are a sickle cell carrier --also called sickle trait.

如果仅有一个突变的基因序列，另一HBB基因序列正常，则称作镰贫携带者，也称镰状细胞特征。