And we know this only from an analysis that starts from an evolutionary approach.

我们只从从进化方法出发的分析中知道这一点。

The first is to think that, well, if we're taking an evolutionary approach then natural selection will cause animals to want to spread their genes.

首先是认为，如果我们采用进化方法，那么自然选择将导致动物想要传播它们的基因。

He feels we are too obsessed with the pinnacles of cognition, and that instead of aiming for grandiose claims about consciousness we should adopt a bottom-up, evolutionary approach and begin by uncovering the building blocks of this strange phenomenon.

他认为我们过于痴迷于认知的顶点，而不是追求关于意识的宏大主张，我们应该采取自下而上的、进化的方法，并从揭示这种奇怪现象的基石入手。