Beneath the cool, deep shade of these majestic trees the ground is occupied by ferns, chiefly woodwardia and aspidiums, with only a few flowering plants-oxalis, trientalis, erythronium, fritillaria, smilax, and other shade-lovers.

在这些雄伟树木凉爽、深沉的树荫下，地面上长满了蕨类植物，主要​​是冬柏和阿斯达，只有少数开花植物——酢浆草、三叶草、赤莲、贝母、菝葜和其他喜荫植物。