Before long they had collected millions of DNA fragments.

不久，他们就收集了数百万个DNA片段。

The scientists are also interested in how the DNA fragments managed to survive so long and defy expectations.

科学家们还感兴趣的是，这些DNA片段是如何存活这么长时间并超出人们的预期。

Analysis of short DNA fragments from a pair of samples collected in India and Bhutan matched that of an ancient polar bear bone.

此前研究人员对从印度和不丹收集的一对样本的短DNA片段进行了分析，他们发现这对样本与古代北极熊的骨骼样本相匹配。

High-throughput sequencing then reads millions of these DNA fragments, simultaneously.

然后高通量测序同时读取数百万个这些 DNA 片段。

In ancient human and animal remains, DNA fragments can easily be as short as 35 base pairs.

在古代人类和动物遗骸中，DNA片段很容易短至35个碱基对。