Descartes' method protects us from false certainty.

笛卡尔的方法保护我们免受虚假确定性的影响。

So we've got this argument that Descartes puts forward.

我们已经有了笛卡尔给出的论证。

And so something must go wrong with Descartes' argument as well.

因此笛卡尔的论证肯定也有同样的问题。

While his predecessors were mainly focused on solving specific problems, Descartes realized something.

当他的前辈们主要专注于解决特定问题时，笛卡尔意识到了一些事情。

In Descartes' native French, X is much less common than Y or Z.

在笛卡尔的母语法语中，X 远不如 Y 或 Z 常见。

This discovery ushered algebra into a new era and Descartes collected these game-changing methods in a very popular book.

这一发现将代数带入了一个新时代，笛卡尔将这些改变游戏规则的方法收集在一本非常受欢迎的书中。

So if anything has the possibility of being false, Descartes doesn't want to mistakenly assume it's true.

所以，如果任何事情都有可能是假的，笛卡尔不想错误地假设它是真的。

Descartes once said, " Reading all the good books is like a conversation with the finest men of past centuries."

“读好书就如与古圣先贤对谈一样。”

So maybe we all use X for the unknown because Descartes' printer was lazy.

所以也许我们都用 X 表示未知数是因为笛卡尔的打印机很懒。

They capture the fundamental break that Heidegger made with Descartes, and to a lesser extent, his own teacher Edmund Husserl.

他们抓住了海德格尔与笛卡尔，以及他自己的老师埃德蒙·胡塞尔之间的根本决裂。

Descartes’ Error by Antonio Damasio (2) How do emotions work?

- 安东尼奥 · 达马西奥的笛卡尔错误 （2） 情绪如何工作？

But some care is needed in using Descartes' argument.

但是在使用笛卡尔的论点时需要小心。

Descartes was more than just a philosopher.

笛卡尔的身份远不止哲学家。

In the analogy, Descartes suggested to imagine that you have  a basket of apples.

在这个类比中，笛卡尔建议想象你有一篮子苹果。

But at least one math historian has suggested that Descartes' choice might not have been that arbitrary after all.

但是至少有一位数学历史学家认为笛卡尔的选择可能并不是那么武断。

But either way, since Descartes' time, it's been the unknown that mathematicians love the most.

但不管怎样，从笛卡尔时代开始，数学家们最爱的就是未知数。

One theory has it that Descartes, Descartes.

一种理论认为笛卡尔，笛卡尔。

Descartes couldn't have liked animals very much.

笛卡尔不可能非常喜欢动物。

Descartes's demon was later refined into a philosophical thought experiment called the Brain in a Vat.

笛卡尔的恶魔后来被提炼成一个名为“缸中之脑”的哲学思想实验。

Okay? I told you it was a tragedy. Mm. Okay. Right, so Descartes: " I think, therefore I..."

我告诉过你这是一个悲剧。 嗯。 好吧。 对，所以笛卡尔：“我认为， 因此我. . . . .